Zafer Defne Neil K. Ganju 2019 1.0 Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) data release DOI:10.5066/P9R7PPWB Reston, Virginia U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Defne, Z., and Ganju, N.K., 2019, Mean tidal range in marsh units of Cape Cod National Seashore salt marsh complex, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R7PPWB https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R7PPWB Biomass production is positively correlated with mean tidal range in salt marshes along the Atlantic coast of the United States of America. Recent studies support the idea that enhanced stability of the marshes can be attributed to increased vegetative growth due to increased tidal range. This dataset displays the spatial variation of mean tidal range (i.e. Mean Range of Tides, MN) in the Cape Cod National Seashore (CACO) salt marsh complex and approximal wetlands based on conceptual marsh units defined by Defne and Ganju (2019). MN was based on the calculated difference in height between mean high water (MHW) and mean low water (MLW) using the VDatum (v3.5) database ( http://vdatum.noaa.gov/ ). Through scientific efforts initiated with the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey has been expanding national assessment of coastal change hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands. The intent is to provide federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate their vulnerability and ecosystem service potential. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. CACO is one of the selected domains to expand this study. References: Defne, Z., and Ganju, N.K., 2019, Conceptual marsh units for Cape Cod National Seashore salt marsh complex, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P955K1Y2 The purpose of this shapefile is to calculate mean tidal range in each marsh unit. Analysis of mean tidal range is part of a comprehensive assessment to identify the factors and their weights in determining the vulnerability and resiliency of salt marshes. 2019 publication date Complete None -70.240881163 -69.929876024 42.071513705 41.603266713 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:5c62e48ce4b0fe48cb34c80c USGS Thesaurus geospatial datasets wetland ecosystems wetland functions coastal ecosystems coastal processes tides (oceanic) None salt marsh vegetation marsh health estuary Long-Term Ecological Research LTER tidal range ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans inlandWaters environment None Atlantic Ocean United States Massachusetts Barnstable County Cape Cod National Seashore Cape Cod Bay Wellfleet Harbor Little Pleasant Bay Herring Cove Outer Cape None The mean tidal range for each marsh unit is defined for scientific research purposes and should not be used as a sole source of reference for any regulations and policy making. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information. U.S. Geological Survey Zafer Defne Ocean Scientist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543 508-548-8700 x2254 508-457-2310 zdefne@usgs.gov https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c62e48ce4b0fe48cb34c80c?name=mu_MN_CACOp.png Graphic that shows mean tidal range in marsh units of CACO salt marsh complex overlaying Esri basemap. PNG Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 7 Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; Esri ArcGIS 10.5.1 (Build 7333) Service Pack N/A (Build N/A) Zafer Defne Neil K. Ganju 2019 1.0 Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) data release DOI:10.5066/P955K1Y2 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P955K1Y2 NOAA 2016 version 3.5 Silver Spring, MD NOAA http://vdatum.noaa.gov Marsh units, water and land boundary inherit from accuracy of the source data, CACO marsh units. Vegetated and unvegetated polygons accuracy is based on the 1-meter resolution National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) products with processing dates of 2016, and U.S. Geological Survey Coastal National Elevation Database (USGS CoNED) data with processing date of 2018. Mean range of tides is calculated from the VDatum database, then interpolated on a raster surface and averaged at each marsh unit. If a marsh unit does not overlap with any raster cell center, it is assigned the value of the raster cell with the largest overlap. Polygons do not overlap and mean tidal range is positive. The results are specific to the marsh polygons definition within the boundaries of the CACO salt marsh complex. A detailed on-the-ground analysis of a single site may result in a different interpretation of the wetland and marsh unit boundaries. Horizontal accuracy for the polygon boundaries is inherited from the source layer, conceptual marsh units and considered to be +/- 6 meters. The point cloud used for calculating tidal range with VDatum had 0.0005 arc degree (~50-meter) resolution that was interpolated over a 0.0001 arc degree raster prior to clipping and calculating the mean value for each marsh unit. The maximum cumulative uncertainty for the New York - The Great South Bay operational VDatum region is given as 0.12 meters. See Estimation of Vertical Uncertainties in VDatum for more information ( https://vdatum.noaa.gov/docs/est_uncertainties.html ). Zafer Defne Neil K. Ganju 2019 Vector Digital Data Set (Polygon) data release DOI:10.5066/P955K1Y2 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P955K1Y2 online 2019 publication date CMU_CACOp.shp Used the features in [CMU_CACOp.shp] to project the tidal range over each marsh unit. Projection was WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere. This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person, Zafer Defne, in ArcMap (ver. 10.5.1) using tools from ArcToolbox, unless otherwise stated. For complex operations, names of specific tools used are given in CAPITAL letters (any critical parameters used are given in parentheses, separated by a semicolon, immediately after the tool name). The input and output file names are provided in [square brackets] when necessary. Units for length and area calculations are meters (m) and square meters (m2) unless otherwise stated. Calculate values for each marsh unit. DISSOLVE(Input features=[CMU_CACOp]; Dissolve field=FID_CMU; Statistics field=ATOT_M2 and FLG with Statistics type= First) to dissolve the vegetated and unvegetated classes in each marsh unit. FLG flags anomalous marsh units based on absence of vegetation, elevation and surface area, and is set to (-1) no vegetated area; (-10) marsh unit elevation higher than the 99.8 percentile; (-100) marsh unit elevation less than 0.2 percentile; (-1000) marsh unit surface area less than 900 m2; and (0) no flag. Combination of negative values indicate combination of flags. For example, -1001 indicates no vegetated area and area less than 900 m2. PROJECT(Input coordinate system=WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere; Output coordinate system=NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N; Geographic transformation=WGS 1984 (ITRF00) to NAD 1983) the feature dataset to obtain dissolved marsh units [mu_diss.shp]. CMU_CACOp 2018 mu_diss.shp U.S. Geological Survey Zafer Defne Ocean Scientist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543 508-548-8700 x2254 508-457-2310 zdefne@usgs.gov Calculate Mean Range of Tides using the VDatum (v3.5) database covering this region ( http://vdatum.noaa.gov/download.php ). Create a 0.0005 arc degrees (~50 meters) spaced point dataset in Matlab (ver. 2012b) for the CACO domain. Calculate the mean range of tides (MN) as MN=MHW-MLW, where MHW is the mean high water level and MLW is the mean low water level in the VDatum database, and interpolate to the point dataset. The resulting comma separated file includes columns for latitude, longitude and MN. 2018 MN.csv Create a raster surface dataset from the feature points. a) Import points from [MN.csv] to ArcMap using MAKE XY EVENT LAYER with the North American 1983 Continuously Operating Reference Station datum (GCS NAD 1983 CORS96) coordinate reference system. b) Create a raster surface with inverse distance weighting in Spatial Analyst toolbox. IDW.SpatialAnalyst(Output Cell Size=0.0001 degree; Power=2; Search Radius=Variable; Number of Points=12) to obtain [MN_raster_idw.tif]. MN.csv 2018 MN_raster_idw.tif Clip the raster to marsh boundaries. A buffer zone is created around the marsh boundaries to facilitate alternative interpolation and clipping options in future studies. a) Create 300 m buffer around the marsh polygon [mu_diss.shp] to create a clipping mask [mu_buff300m.shp]. BUFFER(Side type= Full; Method =Geodesic; Dissolve type= All). b) Clip the raster with the clipping mask. EXTRACT BY MASK to obtain [MN_CACO.tif]. mu_diss.shp MN_idw.tif 2018 MN_CACO.tif Calculate values for each marsh unit. a) Clip the raster with the polygon features by using EXTRACT BY MASK to obtain [mn_idw_mu.tif]. b) ZONAL STATISTICS AS TABLE(Feature Zone Data=[mu_diss.shp]; zone field=FID_CMU; Value Raster=[mn_idw_mu.tif]; Output Table=mu; Statistics type=MEAN) c) ADD JOIN(Layer name=[mu_diss.shp]; Input join field=FID_CMU; Join Table=mu; Output join field=FID_CMU) to marsh units layer based on the "FID_CMU" field d) Export dataset as a shapefile [mu_MN_CACO.shp] and keep the 'mu_MEAN" and "mu_ATOT_M2" fields from the join operation. e) SELECT BY ATTRIBUTES FROM [CMU_CACOp] where "CLASS"= 'vegetated', and join field "APGN_M2" from CMU_CACOp.shp on the feature dataset [mu_MN_CACO.shp]. f) Rearrange field names and change the projection for better performance of web services with online base maps. PROJECT(Input coordinate system=NAD 1983 UTM Zone 19N; Output coordinate system=WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere; Geographic transformation=WGS 1984 (ITRF00) to NAD 1983) the feature dataset to obtain the final conceptual marsh units [mu_MN_CACOp.shp]. mu_diss.shp MN_CACO.tif 2018 mu_MN_EBFNWRp.shp Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. 20200806 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Vector G-polygon 523 WGS 1984 Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (ESRI Full Name: WGS_1984_Web_Mercator_Auxiliary_Sphere) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 coordinate pair 0.6096 0.6096 Meter D_WGS_1984 WGS_1984 6378137.0 298.257223563 mu_MN_CACOp Attribute information associated with the mean tidal range projected on the conceptual marsh units of CACO salt marsh complex. U.S. Geological Survey FID Internal feature number. Esri Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. Esri Coordinates defining the features. FID_CMU Sequential unique whole number that represents the identification number for each conceptual marsh units. USGS 0 522 none ATOT_M2 Total surface area of a marsh unit in square meters USGS 134.350305045 444753.212137 square meters AVEG_M2 Surface area of vegetated part of a marsh unit in square meters USGS 0 429886.815359 square meters MN Tidal range in meters averaged over a marsh unit USGS 1.20507268843 3.12284643396 meters FLG Marsh unit flag indicating anomalous marsh units based on absence of vegetation, elevation and surface area. FLG values indicate: (-1) no vegetated area; (-10) marsh unit elevation higher than the 99.8 percentile; (-100) marsh unit elevation less than 0.2 percentile; (-1000) marsh unit surface area less than 900 m2; and (0) no flag. Combination of negative values indicate combination of flags. For example, -1001 indicates no vegetated area and area less than 900 m2. USGS -1001 0 None In this dataset, tidal range for each conceptual salt marsh unit in the CACO salt marsh complex has been calculated based on 0.0005 arc degrees interpolated VDatum dataset. Decimal values in the attribute table are a result of double precision calculations while significant digits are considered in defining the attribute measurement resolutions. Therefore, the smallest unit increment for area values and tidal range is assumed to be 1 meter and 0.01, respectively. USGS U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov mu_MN_CACOp Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Not for navigational use. Shapefile ArcGIS 10.5.1 This zipped file contains a polygon shapefile and its components, a style layer descriptor file, metadata in xml, txt and html formats and a browse image. https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5c62e48ce4b0fe48cb34c80c https://doi.org/10.5066/P9R7PPWB The first link in network resources is to download data directly. The second link points to a landing page with metadata and data. WMS https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5c62e48ce4b0fe48cb34c80c?service=wms&request=getcapabilities&version=1.3.0 The link in network resources points to the Web Mapping Services (WMS) end point. WFS https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalogMaps/mapping/ows/5c62e48ce4b0fe48cb34c80c?service=wfs&request=getcapabilities&version=1.0.0 The link in network resources points to the Web Feature Service (WFS) end point. None. No fees are applicable for obtaining the data set. 20240319 U.S. Geological Survey Zafer Defne Ocean Scientist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543 508-548-8700 x2254 508-457-2310 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319) FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998