Greig Street camera locations and attitudes for low-altitude aerial images collected during unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over of the Lake Ontario shoreline in the vicinity of Sodus Bay, New York in July 2017

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

Greig Street camera locations and attitudes for low-altitude aerial images collected during unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over of the Lake Ontario shoreline in the vicinity of Sodus Bay, New York in July 2017

Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital text files
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9XQYCD0

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XQYCD0
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5b1ee154e4b092d965254a46

Larger_Work_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Christopher R. Sherwood
Originator: Sandra M. Brosnahan
Originator: Seth D. Ackerman
Originator: Jonathan Borden
Originator: Ellyn T. Montgomery
Originator: Elizabeth A. Pendleton
Originator: Emily J. Sturdivant
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

Aerial imagery and photogrammetric products from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over the Lake Ontario shoreline at Sodus Bay, New York, July 12 to 14, 2017

Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9XQYCD0

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Other_Citation_Details:

Suggested citation: Sherwood, C.R., Brosnahan, S.M., Ackerman, S.D., Borden, Jonathan, Montgomery, E.T., Pendleton, E.A., and Sturdivant, E.J., 2018, Aerial imagery and photogrammetric products from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over the Lake Ontario shoreline at Sodus Bay, New York, July 12 to 14, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XQYCD0.

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XQYCD0
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5b0800a7e4b0ac450c99d116

Description:

Abstract:

Low-altitude (80-100 meters above ground level) digital images were obtained from a camera mounted on a 3DR Solo quadcopter, a small unmanned aerial system (UAS), along the Lake Ontario shoreline in New York during July 2017. These data were collected to document and monitor effects of high lake levels, including shoreline erosion, inundation, and property damage in the vicinity of Sodus Bay, New York. This data release includes images tagged with locations determined from the UAS GPS; tables with updated estimates of camera positions and attitudes based on the photogrammetric reconstruction; tables listing locations of the base stations, ground control points, and transect points; geolocated, RGB-colored point clouds; orthomosaic images; and digital elevation models for each of the survey regions. Collection of these data was supported by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the State of New York Departments of State and Environmental Conservation, and the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program and was conducted under USGS field activity number 2017-042-FA.

Purpose:

This camera location data provides updated image location information as determined by the Agisoft Photoscan software as a result of processing that included automated image alignment, lens calibration and using independent ground control data. The camera locations noted in this table were imported into the Photoscan software and, if successfully aligned, they were used in the creation of the final photogrammetric products (including point clouds, digital elevation models and orthomosaics). In addition to XYZ location, attitude data estimates (yaw, pitch and roll), and error values from the original photo GPS data are also included.

Supplemental_Information:

For more information about this field activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-042-FA. Photogrammetric processing using ground control points produces estimates of camera location and attitude (roll, pitch, and yaw) with much higher accuracies. These tables contain position and attitude estimates derived from photogrammetric post-processing and are considered to have better positional accuracy than the GPS information provided in the EXIF headers in the images in the photo dataset.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20170714

Currentness_Reference: ground condition

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.986433
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.969400
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.273290
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.265003

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:5b1ee154e4b092d965254a46

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: CMGP
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: State of New York Department of State
Theme_Keyword: State of New York Department of Conservation
Theme_Keyword: Federal Emergency Management Agency
Theme_Keyword: 3DR Solo quadcopter
Theme_Keyword: Ricoh GRII
Theme_Keyword: low-altitude aerial imagery
Theme_Keyword: aerial imagery
Theme_Keyword: shoreline photographs
Theme_Keyword: photographs
Theme_Keyword: photos
Theme_Keyword: UAS
Theme_Keyword: Unmanned aerial system
Theme_Keyword: lakeshore
Theme_Keyword: Agisoft Photoscan
Theme_Keyword: camera locations
Theme_Keyword: navigation
Theme_Keyword: Global Positioning System
Theme_Keyword: GPS
Theme_Keyword: field activity number 2017-042-FA

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: navigational data
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: aerial photography

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme_Keyword: inlandWaters
Theme_Keyword: location
Theme_Keyword: elevation

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: USA
Place_Keyword: Great Lakes
Place_Keyword: New York
Place_Keyword: Lake Ontario
Place_Keyword: Sodus, NY
Place_Keyword: Sodus Point
Place_Keyword: Sodus Bay
Place_Keyword: Sodus Point
Place_Keyword: Greig Street

Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:

Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Sandra Brosnahan

Contact_Position: Physical Scientist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2265
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sbrosnahan@usgs.gov

Browse_Graphic:

Browse_Graphic_File_Name:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5b1ee154e4b092d965254a46/?name=2017042FA_GreigSt_CameraLocations_browse.jpg

Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Browse image of the camera locations
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG

Data_Quality_Information:

Logical_Consistency_Report:

Coordinates recorded for each record describe discrete positions in space and the visual reflectance at the time of capture and the estimated position based on automated alignment done by the photogrammetry software. Agisoft Photoscan software determines the photos used in the construction of the products (Point Cloud, DEM and Orthomosaic) based on the ability to align the photo and the usability of valid tie points within an image. Images that were not successfully aligned but were imported into the software retain the original camera (image) position data but have the no-data value (NaN) for all of the processed data fields. Some photos from each flight were not loaded into Photoscan by the processor. These photographs are typically from takeoff and landing, and were eliminated to reduce the total number of photographs within the project, but have been provided in the photo zip files in this publication.

Completeness_Report:

Eighteen (f23-f40) UAS flights were conducted in Sodus Bay survey areas along the NY Lake Ontario shoreline. Flights 36-40 were acquired on July 14 and are used in the Greig Street Project. During the successful flights, photographs were captured every 2 seconds. Gaps in sequential 2 second photo intervals exist because some photos were deleted, for example, because of overexposure, or multiple photos of the landing pad per flight as the UAS was taking off and landing. Not all of the images loaded into the photogrammetry software were used in the reconstruction. Some were omitted automatically because they yielded an insufficient number of tie points relating them to the others. Location and attitude information were calculated for all of the images used in the reconstruction, and that information is provided for those photos. A total of 1648 photos were imported into the Lake Bluffs project. Photos what were not aligned in the project are included in this data table but have the no-data value (NaN) for all of the processed data fields.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Horizontal positions recorded in the UAS flight logs and later applied to the EXIF portion of the images were derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade), which received signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites, but are otherwise uncorrected. Horizontal locations for the original photo dataset are considered accurate to approximately 3 meters, but may be off by as much as 10 meters. Horizontal camera positions, presented in this dataset, are calculated from photogrammetry and are considered more accurate because the location takes into account the overall reconstruction of the Photoscan project incorporating tie points from adjacent aerial photos and the ground control point data. However, there are several sources of potential error that affect the horizontal accuracy:
1. The horizontal error estimate provided by Agisoft Photoscan for the Greig Street project as a result of alignment, optimization, and ground control processing procedures is 9.91 cm. This value is an RMS estimate of positional error at discrete locations within the orthomosaic.
2. Ground control points were collected using a Spectra model SP80 GNSS receiver set to record XY locations with the national adjustment of 2011 (NAD83(2011) UTM zone 18N EPSG::6347), which differs from the Photoscan project coordinate system (NAD83/UTM zone 18N (EPSG::26918)). This difference may introduce an average additional 0.9 cm horizontally at the 95% confidence level according to the National Geodetic Survey (https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/web/surveys/NA2011/).
3. Additionally, an assessment of repeated survey sites including transect points and ground control points, using the same equipment by the USGS Aerial Imagery and Mapping (AIM) group estimates an accuracy of the ground control point locations of 1.76 cm (horizontal) and 0.54 cm (vertical).
The combination of the potential horizontal error is on the order of 12.35 cm for the Greig Street products. Although some portions of the map may contain much larger errors, greater than 2 m horizontally, especially along the boundary of the project that are far from a ground control point, and across water bodies. The horizontal coordinate system for the Charles Point Point Cloud, DEM and Orthomosaic is NAD83/UTM zone 18N (EPSG::26918).
It is also important to note: The UAS image locations are derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade), located on the UAS, which receives signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites in WGS84 (G1150) EPSG::7660. This location information is used by the Photoscan software to help with the initial alignment, however after photo alignment, these location data have no bearing on the project or the derivative product. Therefore the positional accuracy and potential errors of the GPS data attached to the input photographs is not propagated to the Photoscan project and therefore does not contribute to the overall horizontal accuracy of the products (Point Cloud, DEM and Orthomosaic).

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

Vertical positions recorded in the UAS flight logs and later applied to the EXIF portion of the images were derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade), which receives signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites, but is otherwise uncorrected. Vertical locations from the GPS are considered to be less accurate than horizontal positions and may be off by more than 10 meters. Like the horizontal camera positions, the vertical camera positions, presented in this dataset, are calculated from photogrammetry and are considered more accurate because the location takes into account the overall reconstruction of the Photoscan project incorporating tie points from adjacent aerial photos and the ground control point data. However, there are several sources of potential error that affect the vertical accuracy:
1. The vertical error estimate provided by Agisoft Photoscan for the Greig Street project as a result of alignment, optimization, and ground control processing procedures is 7.23 cm. This value is an RMS estimate of positional error at discrete locations within the orthomosaic.
2. Ground control points were collected using a Spectra model SP80 GNSS receiver that was receiving real-time differential corrections from a GNSS base station established in Sodus Bay NY. The Z heights were reference to the NAVD88 vertical datum. An assessment of repeated survey sites using the same equipment by the USGS Aerial Imagery and Mapping group estimates a potential accuracy error of the ground control point locations of 1.76 cm (horizontally) and 0.54 cm (vertically).
The combination of the potential vertical error is on the order of 2.0 cm for the photogrammetric products. Although some portions of the map may contain much larger errors, greater than 20 m vertically, especially along the boundary of the project that are far from a ground control point, and across water bodies. The vertical datum for the Greig Street Point Cloud, DEM and Orthomosaic is NAVD88 (meters).
It is also important to note: The UAS image locations are derived from a mRo GPS (u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade), located on the UAS, which receives signals from GPS and GLONASS satellites in WGS84 (G1150) EPSG::7660. This location information is used by the Photoscan software to help with the initial alignment, however after photo alignment, these location data have no bearing on the project or the derivative product. Therefore the positional accuracy and potential errors of the GPS data attached to the input photographs is not propagated to the Photoscan project and therefore does not contribute to the overall vertical accuracy of the products (Point Cloud and DEM).

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: unpublished material
Title: Field geotagged aerial imagery (or whatever title you want)

Type_of_Source_Media: raster digital images
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20170712
Ending_Date: 20170714

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition of when images were taken

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: geotagged images
Source_Contribution:

These are the images geotagged in the field and used to produce the subsequent photogrammetric products. The images available from the larger work citation of this data release have updated geotag information.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 2018
Title:

Ground control point and transect locations associated with images collected during unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over The Lake Ontario shoreline in the vicinity of Sodus Bay, New York in July 2017

Other_Citation_Details:

available from the Larger Work citation of this dataset (Suggested citation: Sherwood, C.R., Brosnahan, S.M., Ackerman, S.D., Borden, Jonathan, Montgomery, E.T., Pendleton, E.A., and Sturdivant, E.J., 2018, Aerial imagery and photogrammetric products from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) flights over the Lake Ontario shoreline at Sodus Bay, New York, July 12 to 14, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9XQYCD0.)

Type_of_Source_Media: text data files
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20170712
Ending_Date: 20170714

Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition of when images were taken

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: GCPs
Source_Contribution:

The ground control points (GCPs; not transect points -- see metadata for more information) were used to geolocate the photogrammetric products

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Camera locations for the Lake Ontario projects were determined using photogrammetry software (Agisoft Photoscan Professional v. 1.3.2) and digital images taken approximately 80 and 100 m above the ground on July 12 - 14, 2017, with a Ricoh GRII digital camera mounted in a 3DR Solo quadcopter operated the U.S. Geological Survey. These camera locations are the product from one of several photogrammetry projects from field activity 2017-042-FA. Four projects incorporated flights over Sodus Bay on July 12 to 14, 2017 (Lake Bluffs, Charles Point, Sodus North, and Greig Street). The projects combined images with ground control points to produce geolocated, colored (red-green-blue schema) point clouds. This camera location file, for the Greig Street project, was created using a standard processing flow as described in the steps below.

Process_Date: 201709
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: Christopher R. Sherwood

Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: U.S.A.

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2269
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508 457 2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csherwood@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

The following steps make up the processing flow for creating digital elevation models from UAS flights:
1. Geotagged images (see source citation) containing useful imagery from the survey area were imported into Agisoft Photoscan Professional v. 1.3.2 software using the “Add photos…” tool. Photos taken before and immediately after takeoff, photos taken immediately prior to and after landing, and photos with 100% water were not loaded into the project. Project coordinate system is set to EPSG::7660 WGS84 (G1150) geocentric coordinate system.
2. Using ”Convert”, the coordinate system of the images (called “cameras” in Photoscan) was converted from native latitude/longitude WGS84 (G1150) coordinate system to meters in NAD83/UTM zone 18N (EPSG::26918).
3. The photos were processed through an initial alignment and optimization procedure using the following settings:
Alignment - Accuracy: “High”; Pair selection: “Reference”; Key point limit: 80,000; Tie point limit; 0 (unlimited). Adaptive camera model fitting option was selected.
Optimization - Lens-calibration parameters f, cx, cy, k1, k2, k3, p1, and p2 were included; b1, b2, and higher-order parameters k4, p3, and p4 were not.
4. The sparse point cloud (also known as tie points; created as a result of photo alignment and optimization) was edited using an iterative error-reduction procedure to filter the data. This was done in several iterations of a process called "Gradual Selection" to first to reduce reconstruction uncertainty (to a unitless value of 10) and then projection accuracy (to a weighted value of 3).
5. Ground control points were created by first letting the software automatically detect markers where it finds all of the 4-ft square black/white targets deployed (false targets that are sometimes detected were manually deleted). The automatically-generated marker labels were manually changed to match the names in the survey notes and GCP location files.
6. "Import markers” was used to load the GCP location files, which assigned coordinates (northing, easting, and elevation in UTM Zone 18 North meters in NAD83 and NAVD88 coordinate systems) from the location file to the detected markers. The locations of auto-detected markers were retained.
7. Another round of "Gradual Selection" was done to reduce the reprojection error (to a value of 0.3 pixels, unless more than 10% of the points would be removed).
8. A dense point cloud was then created with the parameters "High" quality and “Aggressive” depth filtering.
9. A DEM was create with the parameters Source data="Dense Cloud" Interpolation="Enabled" Resolution="0.05"
10. An orthomosaic was create with the parameters Surface="DEM" Blending mode="Mosaic" Pixel size X="0.025" Pixel size Y="0.025"
11. The camera locations data (this dataset) was exported in CSV text format (2017-07-10_Charles_Crescent_CAMERAS.csv) from Photoscan with the following parameters (Items=Cameras, Delimiter=Comma, Columns=[all boxes checked on] with Precision=6). This file was manually edited to remove columns that contained no data for all records and to fill those columns for the photos not successfully aligned with a no-data value of "NaN". Then the file renamed to 2017042FA_GreigSt_CameraLocations.csv).

Process_Date: 20170913
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: Christopher R. Sherwood

Contact_Position: Research Oceanographer
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: Massachusetts
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: U.S.A.

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2269
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508 457 2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: csherwood@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.

Process_Date: 20200810
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1640

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Planar:

Map_Projection:

Map_Projection_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Transverse_Mercator:

Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.00000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000
False_Easting: 500000.0000
False_Northing: 0.0000

Planar_Coordinate_Information:

Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: coordinate pair
Coordinate_Representation:

Abscissa_Resolution: 0.001
Ordinate_Resolution: 0.001

Planar_Distance_Units: meters

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222101

Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Altitude_System_Definition:

Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
Altitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: Greig Street camera locations
Entity_Type_Definition:

These locations have been processed using photogrammetric software and ground control points and are considered more accurate than the GPS coordinates recorded by the UAS-attached GPS and included in the photograph EXIF tags.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Label
Attribute_Definition: Photograph name in standard USGS format
Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

character set of photograph name including: survey ID, Camera ID, UID, date and time, and original filename to ensure no duplicated filenames

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: X/Easting
Attribute_Definition:

Easting coordinate of the camera in UTM Zone 18 meters, NAD83 as determined by the UAS-attached GPS and applied to photo during 'geotagging'. These coordinates were converted from WGS84 to NAD83, upon import to Photoscan, but are otherwise the same as the coordinates in the unpublisehd photo EXIF GPS-tags.