Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 20210831 Title: MA Bias_Feature – Feature class containing Massachusetts proxy-datum bias information to be used in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System. Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9YGIYFX Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YGIYFX Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6113ebebd34ed11898f82934 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Marie K. Bartlett Originator: Rachel E. Henderson Originator: Amy S. Farris Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Publication_Date: 2021 Title: Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project, 2021 Update: A GIS Compilation of Shoreline Change Rates Calculated Using Digital Shoreline Analysis System Version 5.1, With Supplementary Intersects and Baselines for Massachusetts Edition: 1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Data release Issue_Identification: doi:10.5066/P9YGIYFX Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Bartlett, M.K., Henderson, R. E., Farris, A.S., and Himmelstoss, E.A., 2021, Massachusetts shoreline change project, 2021 update–A GIS compilation of shoreline change rates calculated using Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 5.1, with supplementary intersects and baselines for Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey data release. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YGIYFX Online_Linkage: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/60ff22dad34e3ccd830d62aa Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YGIYFX Description: Abstract: The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) is a freely available software application that works within the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) Geographic Information System (ArcGIS) software. DSAS computes rate-of-change statistics for a time series of shoreline vector data. Additionally, the DSAS application is useful for computing rates of change for any boundary-change problem that incorporates a clearly-identified feature position at discrete times, such as glacier limits, river banks, or land use/cover boundaries. The "bias feature" is a shapefile representation the proxy-datum bias (PDB) data previously published in tabular format (Himmelstoss and others 2010, Himmelstoss and others 2018). These PDB data are used to shift older proxy-based shorelines so that they can be directly compared to newer datum-based shorelines and accurate rates can be calculated. Purpose: This feature records the proxy-datum bias (PDB) and the uncertainty in the PDB. These data are provided for users of the ArcGIS DSAS extension and should only be used to determine the corrected change rate when both datum based (e.g. MHW) and proxy-based (e.g. HWL) shorelines occur. These data should not be used for any purpose other than that for which they are intended. The United States Geological Survey does not guarantee its validity. Assumptions, analyses, opinions, and actual outcomes may vary. The user should always verify actual data and exercise their own professional judgment when interpreting any outcomes. Supplemental_Information: Cross-referenced citations are applicable to the dataset as a whole. Additional citations are located within individual process steps that pertain specifically to the method described in that step. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2021 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.1230303589126 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.9292234622035 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.892104789014 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.2382403405964 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Change Rate Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: Endpoint Rate Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Linear Regression Rate Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: Coastal Services Center Theme_Keyword: DSAS Theme_Keyword: high water line uncertainty Theme_Keyword: high water line offsets Theme_Keyword: USGS National Shoreline Change Project Theme_Keyword: CSC Theme_Keyword: Digital Shoreline Analysis System Theme_Keyword: lidar uncertainty Theme_Keyword: proxy-datum bias Theme_Keyword: PDB Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:6113ebebd34ed11898f82934 Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Atlantic Coast Place_Keyword: New England Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: North Shore Place_Keyword: South Shore Place_Keyword: Boston Place_Keyword: Cape Cod Bay Place_Keyword: Outer Cape Place_Keyword: South Cape Place_Keyword: Nantucket Place_Keyword: Martha’s Vineyard Place_Keyword: Buzzard’s Bay Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: These data were generated for use within the DSAS v5.1 software, with shoreline data that has both mean high water (MHW) and high water line (HWL) data types present. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. These data are not to be used for navigation. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-547-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rehenderson@contractor.usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6113ebebd34ed11898f82934?name=MA_Bias_Feature_browse.PNG Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Map view of dataset. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PNG Native_Data_Set_Environment: Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.6.0.8321 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Peter Ruggiero Originator: Jeffrey H. List Publication_Date: 200909 Title: Improving Accuracy and Statistical Reliability of Shoreline Position and Change Rate Estimates Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Journal of Coastal Research Issue_Identification: vol. 255 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: n/a Publisher: Coastal Education and Research Foundation Other_Citation_Details: ppg. 1069-1081 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.2112/08-1051.1 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: Jeffrey List Publication_Date: 20110119 Title: The National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1119 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1119/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann Originator: Jeffrey List Originator: E. Robert Thieler Publication_Date: 20100101 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Historical Shoreline Change along the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1118 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1118/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: A. Ergul Originator: O. Zhang Originator: A.S. Farris Originator: R.E. Henderson Originator: M.G. Kratzmann Originator: E.A. Himmelstoss Originator: E.R. Thieler Originator: J.L. Zichichi Publication_Date: 20181219 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 5.1 - An Esri addin file for calculating shoreline change in ArcMap (versions 10.4-10.7) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: software Series_Information: Series_Name: Software Issue_Identification: Version 5.1 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Other_Citation_Details: Current version of software at time of use was 5.1 Online_Linkage: https://code.usgs.gov/cch/dsas Online_Linkage: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc/science/digital-shoreline-analysis-system-dsas Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.A. Himmelstoss Originator: R.E. Henderson Originator: M.G. Kratzmann Originator: A. Farris Publication_Date: 2018 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) Version 5 User Guide Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Open-file report Series_Information: Series_Name: Open File Report Issue_Identification: 2018-1179 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Himmelstoss, E.A., Henderson, R.E., Kratzmann, M, Farris, A., 2018, DSAS version 5.0 user guide. U.S. Geological Survey report 2018-1179, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181179 Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181179 Online_Linkage: https://www.usgs.gov/centers/whcmsc/science/digital-shoreline-analysis-system-dsas Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Amy S. Farris Originator: Kathryn M. Weber Publication_Date: 20181126 Title: Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines for the 2018 update Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: dataset Publication_Information: Publication_Place: https://www.sciencebase.gov Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/p9o7s72b Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The attributes in this feature class record positional and measurement uncertainties and datum offsets calculated from averaged slope data (2000-2018) and local wave data. The field names are based on the requirements for use within the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software (Ergul, A. and others, 2018). Logical_Consistency_Report: Each line segment contains bias data and uncertainty of the bias value where lidar data was available Completeness_Report: The feature contains bias and uncertainty data where lidar data was available. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal location of the bias feature is coincident with the DSAS baseline. The baseline serves as a reference point for transects cast by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software.  It does not correspond to any real-world feature. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The profile method of shoreline extraction (Stockdon and others 2002), extracts an elevation based shoreline from point cloud lidar data using a Matlab-based approach (Matlab version 2015b). Using a coast-following reference line with 20 m spaced profiles, lidar data is analyzed within a two meter swath around each profile. This method is used to extract MHW shoreline, slope and uncertainty information. The slope data for each profile was saved. The slope at each profile was averaged over time using data from the years 2000, 2011, 2014 and 2018. Ruggiero, P., and List, J.H., 2009, Improving accuracy and statistical reliability of shoreline position and change rate estimates: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 25, no. 5, p. 1069-1081. [Also available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/27752753] Stockdon, H.F., Sallenger, A.H., List, J.H., and Holman, R.A., 2002, Estimation of shoreline position and change using airborne topographic lidar data:  Journal of Coastal Research, v.18, no. 3, p. 502-513. [Also available at https://www.jstor.org/stable/4299097] 2000 NASA/NOAA/USGS Summer ATM Lidar: East Coast (SC, NC) Point Cloud files with Orthometric Vertical Datum North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) using GEOID18, https://coast.noaa.gov/htdata/lidar1_z/geoid18/data/10/ 2011 USGS Lidar: Northeast (NY to ME) Point Cloud files with Orthometric Vertical Datum North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) using GEOID18, https://chs.coast.noaa.gov/htdata/lidar2_z/geoid18/data/2524/ 2013-2014 USGS Lidar: Post-Sandy (MA, NH, RI) Point Cloud files with Orthometric Vertical Datum North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) using GEOID18, https://chs.coast.noaa.gov/htdata/lidar1_z/geoid18/data/4914/ 2018 USACE NCMP Topobathy Lidar: East Coast (CT, MA, ME, NC, NH, RI, SC) Point Cloud files with Orthometric Vertical Datum North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) using GEOID18, https://chs.coast.noaa.gov/htdata/lidar4_z/geoid18/data/8688/ Process_Date: 20200201 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: avg slope data Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Amy S. Farris Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2344 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: afarris@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: There is a known horizontal offset between the datum-based lidar MHW shoreline and the proxy-based historical shorelines on open-ocean sandy beaches that nearly always acts in one direction (Ruggiero and List, 2009). This bias is called the proxy-datum bias (PDB). The PDB is primarily due to wave run-up and thus is affected by the slope of the foreshore and the movement of water (waves, tides) onto the foreshore, see equation for the PDB and the PDB uncertainty in Ruggiero and List, 2009. These equations require beach slope and wave data. Ideally data collected at the time the proxy-based shoreline was collected would be used, however, for our purposes the PDB is estimated by averaging all available slope data (from step 1) and averaging at least 10 years of historical wave data from a nearby buoy ( https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/) and the U.S. Wave Information Study (WIS - https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc:C00071) The PDB is stored to a point shapefile at the intersection of the each profile with the coast-following reference line. National Data Buoy Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Stennis Space Center, MS 39529 https://www.ndbc.noaa.gov/ U.S. Wave Information Study, DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/iso?id=gov.noaa.ncdc:C00071 NOTE: Many of the sheltered areas within the Massachusetts study area do not have nearby buoy data and a proxy-datum bias value cannot be calculated in these areas. Therefore, when this new datum-based MHW shoreline is compared to historic proxy-based HWL shorelines in these sheltered areas, there may be some artificial landward offset of the historic data that has not been quantified and could potentially influence the rates. However, because the PDB is primarily an estimate of wave run-up, and since sheltered areas have lower run-up, smaller values for the PDB are expected in sheltered areas. In addition, the equation for the PDB uses a wave run-up equation that has only been verified on sandy coasts. For that reason we do not apply the PDB to rocky headlands. Preliminary analysis suggests that the PDB is small on rocky headlands, however more work needs to be done to determine the correct value for PDB on rocky headlands and other non-sandy beaches. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: avg slope data Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: buoy data Process_Date: 20210201 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: bias point data Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Amy S. Farris Contact_Position: Oceanographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2344 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: afarris@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Bias points are extrapolated to a polyline feature, in this case acopy of the baseline file. The final bias feature file holds the bias, and the bias uncertainty. These components are used by DSAS v5.1 to apply the proxy-datum bias correction to shoreline change calculations. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: bias point data Process_Date: 20210301 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Bias_Feature Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Rachel E. Henderson Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rehenderson@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The bias_feature was imported into a personal geodatabase in ArcCatalog v10.7.1 by right-clicking on the geodatabase > Import > Feature class (single). The feature class is used with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) v5.1 software to apply the proxy-datum bias to rate calculations. Process_Date: 20210301 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Rachel E. Henderson Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rehenderson@contractor.usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The bias_feature shapefiles weas projected in Esri's ArcToolbox > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Project. Input projection - WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_19N; output projection - geographic coordinates (WGS84); transformation = none. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Bias_Feature Process_Date: 20210301 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: MA_Bias_Feature Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Rachel E. Henderson Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rehenderson@contractor.usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 675 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0197393776 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0264608689 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal seconds Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_84 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257223563 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: MA_Bias_Feature.shp Entity_Type_Definition: Proxy-Datum Bias and Uncertainty values Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: OBJECTID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: Esri Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: bias Attribute_Definition: This field heading is case-sensitive and name specific. The field contains a proxy-datum bias value describing the unidirectional horizontal offset (in meters) between the MHW elevation of the lidar data and HWL shoreline positions. Values of 0.001 represent areas where there is no bias applied. For details on the components that make up the proxy-datum bias, refer to the Methods section of USGS Open-File report 2010-1118 cross-referenced in the metadata. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.001 Range_Domain_Maximum: 12.645783 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Attribute: Attribute_Label: bias_uncy Attribute_Definition: The field contains the plus/minus horizontal uncertainty (meters) in the lidar shoreline position at each cross-shore beach profile. Values of 0.001 represent areas where there is no bias applied. For details on the components that make up this uncertainty, refer to the Methods section of USGS Open-File report 2010-1118 cross-referenced in the metadata. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.001 Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.181664 Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical Address: Federal Center, Building 810, MS 302 City: Denver State_or_Province: CO Postal_Code: 88025 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov Resource_Description: The dataset contains the polyline shapefile of the proxy-datum bias and its uncertainty, (MA_Bias_Feature.shp and other shapefile components), browse graphic (MA_Bias_Feature_browse.PNG), and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 10.7.1 Format_Information_Content: Dataset contains the shapefile, browse graphic, and CSDGM metadata. Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/6113ebebd34ed11898f82934 Network_Resource_Name: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6113ebebd34ed11898f82934 Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YGIYFX Access_Instructions: The first link downloads all the files on the dataset landing page. The second link is to the dataset landing page where individual files can be viewed and downloaded. The third link is to the data release main landing page. Fees: None Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210831 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Rachel E. Henderson Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: US Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-547-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rehenderson@contractor.usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time