Baselines for the Outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts, generated to calculate shoreline change rates using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 5.1

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Baselines for the Outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts, generated to calculate shoreline change rates using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 5.1
Abstract:
The Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management launched the Shoreline Change Project in 1989 to identify erosion-prone areas of the coast by compiling a database of historical (mid 1800's-1989) shoreline positions. Trends of shoreline position over long and short-term timescales provide information to landowners, managers, and potential buyers about possible future impacts to coastal resources and infrastructure. In 2001, a 1994 shoreline was added to calculate both long- and short-term shoreline change rates along ocean-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast. In 2013, two oceanfront shorelines for Massachusetts were added using 2008-2009 color aerial orthoimagery and 2007 topographic lidar datasets obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Ocean Service (NOAA), Coastal Services Center. In 2018, two new mean high water (MHW) shorelines for the Massachusetts coast extracted from lidar data between 2010-2014 were added to the dataset. This 2021 data release includes rates that incorporate one new shoreline from lidar data extracted in 2018 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Joint Airborne Lidar Bathymetry Technical Center of Expertise (JALBTCX), added to the existing database of all historical shorelines (1844-2014), for the North Shore, South Shore, Cape Cod Bay, Outer Cape, Buzzard’s Bay, South Cape, Nantucket, and Martha’s Vineyard. 2018 lidar data did not cover the Boston or Elizabeth Islands regions. Included in this data release is a proxy-datum bias reference line that accounts for the positional difference in a proxy shoreline (the High Water Line shoreline) and a datum shoreline (the Mean High Water shoreline). This issue is explained further in Ruggiero and List (2009) and in the process steps of the metadata associated with the rates. This release includes both long-term (~150+ years) and short term (~30 years) rates. Files associated with the long-term rates have “LT” in their names, files associated with short-term rates have "ST” in their names.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 20210831, Baselines for the Outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts, generated to calculate shoreline change rates using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 5.1: data release doi:10.5066/P9YGIYFX, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Bartlett, Marie K., Henderson, Rachel E., Farris, Amy S., and Himmelstoss, Emily A., 2021, Massachusetts Shoreline Change Project, 2021 Update: A GIS Compilation of Shoreline Change Rates Calculated Using Digital Shoreline Analysis System Version 5.1, With Supplementary Intersects and Baselines for Massachusetts: data release doi:10.5066/P9YGIYFX, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    suggested citation: Bartlett, M.K., Henderson, R.E., Farris, A.S., Himmelstoss, E.A., 2021, Massachusetts shoreline change project, 2021 update–A GIS compilation of shoreline change rates calculated using Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 5.1, with supplementary intersects and baselines for Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey data release. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YGIYFX
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.246281
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -69.925850
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.082528
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.5397
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/610a973bd34ef8d70568924d?name=OuterCape_baselines_browse.PNG (png)
    Map view of data
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 2021
    Currentness_Reference:
    publication date
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • String
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0197404891. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0263585244. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal seconds. The horizontal datum used is WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    OuterCapeE_baseline
    Reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics. Vector object count:2 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    FID
    Internal feature number used as a unique identifier of an object within a table primarily used in shapefiles. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    OBJECTID
    Internal feature number used as a unique identifier of an object within a table primarily used in a geodatabase. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    ID
    Field required by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. DSAS uses this value to determine the ordering sequence of transects when the baseline feature contains multiple segments. Individual baseline segments are numbered sequentially alongshore. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:unlimited
    SHAPE_Leng
    Length of feature in meter units (UTM zone 19N, WGS 84) (Source: Esri)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:unlimited
    OuterCapeW_baseline
    Reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics. Vector object count:3 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    FID
    Internal feature number used as a unique identifier of an object within a table primarily used in shapefiles. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    OBJECTID
    Internal feature number used as a unique identifier of an object within a table primarily used in a geodatabase. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    ID
    Field required by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. DSAS uses this value to determine the ordering sequence of transects when the baseline feature contains multiple segments. Individual baseline segments are numbered sequentially alongshore. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:unlimited
    SHAPE_Leng
    Length of feature in meter units (UTM zone 19N, WGS 84) (Source: Esri)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:unlimited
    OuterCapeH_baseline
    Reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics. Vector object count: 1 (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    FID
    Internal feature number used as a unique identifier of an object within a table primarily used in shapefiles. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    OBJECTID
    Internal feature number used as a unique identifier of an object within a table primarily used in a geodatabase. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    ID
    Field required by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. DSAS uses this value to determine the ordering sequence of transects when the baseline feature contains multiple segments. Individual baseline segments are numbered sequentially alongshore. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:unlimited
    SHAPE_Leng
    Length of feature in meter units (UTM zone 19N, WGS 84) (Source: Esri)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:unlimited
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the individual attribute descriptions for detailed information.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Marie K. Bartlett
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-457-8700 x2306 (voice)
    508-547-2310 (FAX)
    mbartlett@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This dataset includes a reference baseline used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to calculate rate-of-change statistics. This baseline layer serves as the starting point for orthogonally-oriented transects generated by the DSAS application. The transects intersect each shoreline and establish measurement points used to calculate shoreline-change rates.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2020 (process 1 of 5)
    A baseline was constructed with respect to the time series of shoreline positions using standard editing tools in Esri's ArcMap v10.7.1. The baseline was positioned to conform to the overall orientation of the shorelines alongshore. This was done so that the transects, which are generated by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System from the baseline, would intersect roughly perpendicular to the general trend of the shorelines. This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person - Marie K. Bartlett Person who carried out this activity:
    Marie K. Bartlett
    U.S. Geological Survey
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x 2306 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    mbartlett@usgs.gov
    Date: 2020 (process 2 of 5)
    The baseline shapefile was imported into a personal geodatabase in ArcCatalog v10.7.1 by right-clicking on the geodatabase > Import for use with the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software to perform rate calculations
    Date: 2021 (process 3 of 5)
    The baseline feature class was used as the input within the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software to generate transects and perform rate calculations.
    Date: 2021 (process 4 of 5)
    The baseline feature class was exported from a personal geodatabase to a shapefile in ArcCatalog v10.7.1 by right-clicking on the data layer > Export > To shapefile (single).
    Date: 2021 (process 5 of 5)
    The baseline shapefile was projected in ArcToolbox v10.7.1 > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Project. parameters: input projection - UTM zone 19N (WGS 84); output projection- geographic coordinates (WGS 84); transformation = none.
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Himmelstoss, Emily A., Farris, Amy S., Henderson, Rachel E., Kratzmann, Meredith G., Ergul, Ayhan, Zhang, Ouya, and Zichichi, Jessica L., 2018, Digital Shoreline Analysis System (version 5.0): U.S. Geological Survey Software: software release version 5.0, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Himmelstoss, Emily A., Henderson, Rachel E., Kratzmann, Meredith G., and Farris, Amy S., 2018, DSAS v5.0 user guide: Open-File Report 2018-1179, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Ruggiero, Peter, and List, Jeffrey H., 200909, Improving Accuracy and Statistical Reliability of Shoreline Position and Change Rate Estimates: Journal of Coastal Research vol. 255, Coastal Education and Research Foundation, n/a.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: ppg. 1069-1081

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The attributes in this layer are based on the requirements for use within the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    The baseline serves as a reference point for transects cast by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. It does not correspond to any real-world feature.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This baseline file is complete and contains the baseline segment(s) used to cast transects along sections of the coastal region where shoreline position data were available to calculate either a short- or long-term rate.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Each polyline has a unique identification attribute (ID). This field is used by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) to designate the alongshore order of baselines, if more than one baseline exists.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None.
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. These data are not to be used for navigation.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO
    United States

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? The dataset contains the polyline baselines used for the analysis of shoreline data, (SHP and other shapefile components), browse graphic, and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data are available in a polyline shapefile format. The user must have software to read and process the data components of a shapefile.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 19-Mar-2024
Metadata author:
Marie K. Bartlett
U.S. Geological Survey
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA
USA

508-548-8700 x2306 (voice)
508-547-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240319)
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/SB_data_release/DR_P9YGIYFX/OuterCape_baselines_metadata.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Wed Jun 26 15:25:12 2024