Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2015 Title: One meter mosaic of acoustic backscatter data acquired using a SWATHplus-H interferometric sonar in Barnegat and Little Egg Inlets, New Jersey by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2012, and 2013 (GeoTIFF image, UTM 18N, WGS 84) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: 937 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ds937 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/downloads/raster/backscatter/BarnBayInletsBS_1m.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Brian D. Andrews Originator: Jennifer L. Miselis Originator: William W. Danforth Originator: Barry J. Irwin Originator: Charles R. Worley Originator: Emile M. Bergeron Originator: Dann S. Blackwood Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Marine geophysical data collected in a shallow back-barrier estuary: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey Edition: 1.1 Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: 937 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds937 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/ Description: Abstract: In 2011, the US Geological Survey in partnership with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection began a multidisciplinary research project to better understand the water quality in Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. This back-barrier estuary is flushed by only three inlets and is experiencing degraded water quality, algal blooms, loss of seagrass, and increases in oxygen stress, macro algae, stinging nettles, and brown tide. The scale of the estuary and the scope of the problems within it necessitate a multidisciplinary approach that includes establishing the regional geology, its physical characteristics, and modeling how the estuary's morphology interacts to affect its water quality. Scientists from USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program offices in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and St. Petersburg, Florida, began mapping the seafloor of the Barnegat Bay-Little Egg Harbor estuary in November 2011 and completed in September 2013. With funding from the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and logistical support from the USGS New Jersey Water Science Center, they collected data with a suite of geophysical tools, including swath bathymetric sonar for measuring seafloor depth, a sidescan sonar for collecting acoustic-backscatter data (which provides information about seafloor texture and sediment type), subbottom profiler for imaging sediment layers beneath the floor of the estuary, and sediment samples with bottom photographs for ground validation of the acoustic data. More information about the individual surveys conducted as part of the Barnegat Bay Project can be found on the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Field activity webpages: 2011-041-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2011-041-FA 2012-003-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2012-003-FA 2013-014-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2013-014-FA 2013-030-FA: http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2013-030-FA Purpose: This mosaic of acoustic backscatter will be used to interpret the sediment composition of Barnegat and Little Egg Inlets and assist in understanding the regional geology of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20120322 Ending_Date: 20130915 Currentness_Reference: ground condition of individual surveys during backscatter collection in Barnegat Inlet during 2012-003-FA; 20120322; Little Egg Inlet during 2013-030-FA; 20130911-20130915. Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.331299 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.083277 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.813338 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 39.465727 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:c631eaf2-037e-4fee-b0ad-6f4ec071d2e5 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: RV Rafael Theme_Keyword: Backscatter Theme_Keyword: Marine Geology Theme_Keyword: SWATHplus-H Theme_Keyword: interferometric sonar Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2012-003-FA Theme_Keyword: field activity serial number 2013-030-FA Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sea-floor acoustic reflectivity Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: interferometric sonar Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Place_Keyword: United States of America Place_Keyword: State of New Jersey Place_Keyword: Barnegat Bay Place_Keyword: Metedeconk River Place_Keyword: Mantoloking Place_Keyword: Toms River Place_Keyword: Forked River Place_Keyword: Barnegat Inlet Place_Keyword: Tuckerton Place_Keyword: Little Egg Harbor Place_Keyword: Little Egg Inlet Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Stratum_Keyword: seafloor Stratum_Keyword: sea floor Temporal: Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Temporal_Keyword: 2012 Temporal_Keyword: 2013 Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: none Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: BarnBayInletsBS_1m.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Thumbnail image of backscatter collected in Barnegat and Little Egg Inlets, Barnegat Bay, NJ. The file is located in the compressed zip file. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: This image is an 8-bit GeoTIFF with a four band imbedded colormap with an alpha channel. Image pixel values contain acoustic reflectivity values normalized to an 8-bit range (0-255). Low-backscatter is represented by dark tones (low values) and high-backscatter is represented by bright tones (high values). No data value = 249. Logical_Consistency_Report: SWATHplus-H backscatter data were collected simultaneously with depth soundings along all bathymetry survey lines, however, only data collected in Barnegat and Little Egg Inlets were processed for publication. In these areas, the pole-mounted SWATHplus-H backscatter data was processed because it produced better results than the towed sidescan sonars. Completeness_Report: This image only includes acoustic backscatter data collected with the SWATHplus-H interferometric sonar within Barnegat and Little Egg Inlets. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 2012-003-FA and 2013-030-FA Real Time Kinematic (RTK) navigation was used to determine the horizontal position (x, and y coordinates) of the GPS antenna mounted above the SWATHplus-H transducers with sub-meter accuracy. A RTK-enabled motion reference unit (Coda Octopus F190) was mounted directly above the sonar transducers and continuously measured vertical displacement (heave) and attitude (pitch and roll) of the vessel during data acquisition. Horizontal offsets between navigation and attitude antennas and the SWATHplus-H transducers were applied during acquisition in the configuration files for the Swath Processor and Coda Octopus software. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: Unpublished Material Title: raw SWATHplus sxr files Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Type_of_Source_Media: disc Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20111101 Ending_Date: 20130916 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition of individual surveys during bathymetry collection: 20111101-20111107; 20120321-20120408; 20130313-20130326; 20130911-20130916. Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Raw SXR files Source_Contribution: SONAR CONFIGURATION: Bathymetry data were acquired using a Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd (SEA) SWATHplus-H interferometric sonar operating at a frequency of 468 kHz. The sonar transducers were mounted on a rigid pole installed on the bow of the R/V Rafael and was deployed at a depth of 0.7 m below the water line while collecting data. Typical sonar operating parameters include a transmit power of 60%, a transmit length of 34 or 43 cycles, and a sample rate of 4096 samples per channel. SPEED OF SOUND; sound velocity profiles were collected approximately every two hours, or when water properties changed using a hand-deployed sampler. Sound velocity data within the water column was measured using AML Oceanographic SVP Plus profiler during surveys 2011-041-FA and 2012-003-FA, and an AML Oceanographic MINOS-X profiler during 2013-014 and 2013-030. Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 1: Import raw SWATHplus-H files to SonarWiz. A new SonarWiz (v. 5.06) project was created with coordinate system defined as Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), Zone 18 WGS 84. The raw SWATHplus-H files in sxr format were imported to the new SonarWiz project for processing using the "import" menu. The raw files were converted to a common sensor format (CSF) for use in SonarWiz. Process_Date: 20140307 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 2: Edit line files. Each line file was reviewed to identify the water column and define the seafloor using bottom tracking algorithms. Once these bottom picks were defined, an empirical gain normalization (EGN) function of 80 units (relative units out of 100) for both port and starboard sides was used to enhance the visual display of the sonar data by optimizing the dynamic range of all backscatter intensity. The across-track range was also adjusted to improve quality of final mosaic my increasing or reducing across track coverage. Additionally the nadir value was set to transparent 1 meter on either side of nadir. This removes the striping at nadir. Sidescan overlap modes was set to "cover up" so that the order of overlapping swaths was user-defined to improve visual quality. Process_Date: 20140310 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 3: Export to GeoTIFF. Once all the line files were processed and corrected, they were exported as one mosaic using the export function within SonarWiz (v.5.06) to a 24-bit color range with one meter resolution Producing one backscatter mosaic of Barnegat and Little Egg Inlets (BarnBayInletsBS_1m.tif). Process_Date: 20140310 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Step 4: Changed incorrect data download links in the Online Linkage and Network_Resource_Name sections. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. Process_Date: 20160713 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Process_Date: 20180720 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Process_Date: 20191115 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200908 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 38398 Column_Count: 20945 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 18 Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -75.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image. Image pixel values contain acoustic reflectivity values normalized to an 8-bit data range (0-255). Low-backscatter is represented by dark tones (low values) and high-backscatter is represented by bright tones (high values). An embedded 3-band colormap with an alpha channel was produced within SonarWiz as a function of the export routine. When viewing this tiff either use the colormap with a no data value of 249, or use a stretched renderer with a min-max of 125 and 1, and an no data value of 0. The mean DN value of this image is 247 and the standard deviation is 14. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov Resource_Description: BarnBayInletsBS_1m.zip contains: BarnBayInletsBS_1m.tif, BarnBayInletsBS_1m.jpg browse graphic, and the associated FGDC compliant metadata. To display this mosaic along with the other two in this publication, use the "BarnegatBay Backscatter.lyr" located in the BarnBayBS_1m.zip file. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: GeoTIFF Format_Version_Number: unknown Format_Specification: GeoTIFF image Format_Information_Content: WinZip (v.14) file contains a GeoTIFF image and associated metadata of sidescan-sonar data collected in Barnegat Bay, NJ. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Transfer_Size: 5.9 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0937/downloads/raster/backscatter/BarnBayInletsBS_1m.zip Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: This Zip file contains a compressed GeoTIFF image and world file. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and viewing a GeoTIFF image. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240318 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Brian Andrews Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geographer Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318) Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time