Page C. Valentine
2020
Still images in JPEG format of the sediment surface in the grab sampler, collected on Stellwagen Bank during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2016-038-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, Sept. 16 and 19, 2016
1.0
raster
data release
DOI:10.5066/P91MNNSN
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
Page C. Valentine
VeeAnn A. Cross
2020
Station information, Seabed and Sample Imagery, and CTD Instrument Data Collected on Stellwagen Bank in September, 2016, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2016-038-FA
1.0
data release
DOI:10.5066/P91MNNSN
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C., and Cross, V.A., 2020, Station information, Seabed and Sample Imagery, and CTD Instrument Data Collected on Stellwagen Bank in September, 2016, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2016-038-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN .
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
This field activity is part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited 41 locations on Stellwagen Bank at which a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and measurements of water column properties.
Photos were collected of the sediment sample in the grab sampler to document the texture of the seabed surface, the degree of disturbance during sampling, biological features such as worm tubes, and to estimate the volume of sediment collected.
Additional information regarding the field activity can be obtained from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-038-FA . The grain-size analyses of the sediment samples collected during this field activity is available in a separate publication (Valentine and Cross, 2019; link available from the cross-reference citation).
20160916
20160919
Ground condition of when data were collected. There were two days of data collection. September 16 and 19, 2016.
None planned
-70.457580
-70.140550
42.421230
42.171830
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:ba76e067-a2a2-44cf-9581-ac2b5fd31786
None
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
CMHRP
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
WHCMSC
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOAA
grab sample images
sample photographs
ground-truth
JPEG
SEABed Observation and Sampling System
SEABOSS
sediment sample images
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
geoscientificInformation
USGS Thesaurus
image collections
sea-floor characteristics
marine geology
field monitoring stations
Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
photographic sampling
sediment
marine geology
None
North America
United States
Massachusetts
Atlantic Ocean
Stellwagen Bank
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
SBNMS
Massachusetts Bay
None.
None.
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/data/imagery/2016-038-FA_sampleimage_browse.jpg
Browse graphic of an example grab sample still image on Stellwagen Bank.
JPEG
D.S. Blackwood
K.F. Parolski
2001
Seabed observation and sampling system
Sea Technology
v. 42, no. 2, p.39-43
P. Valentine
D. Blackwood
K. Parolski
2000
Seabed observation and sampling system
U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet
FS-142-00
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14200
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/
Page C. Valentine
VeeAnn A. Cross
2019
Location and analyses of sediment samples collected on Stellwagen Bank off Boston, Massachusetts from November 5, 2013 to April 30, 2019 on U.S. Geological Survey field activities
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9FWFLPD
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
This publication includes the sediment sample analyses information associated with this field activity and 19 other field activities.
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FWFLPD
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d95153ee4b0c4f70d10a4f7
The image names are in the format: staXXXX_Y.JPG. The designation XXXX is the station number; Y represents R or L, the right- and left-hand sides of the sample surface in the grab sampler. Each sediment sample has two images - one showing the sediment surface in the right-hand side of the sampler, and the other showing the sediment surface in the left-hand side of the sampler. The clock on the camera was not perfectly synced to the GPS time, so the GPSTimeStamp value in the EXIF header will not match the time portion of the DateTime, DateTimeOriginal, or DateTimeDigitized elements in the EXIF header.
Sediment samples were collected at 30 of the 41 stations visited for analysis. Three additional stations collected samples that were too small to be retained for grain-size analysis, but do have photos. Sediment samples have a maximum of two images - one showing the sediment surface in the right-hand side of the sampler, and the other showing the sediment surface in the left-hand side of the sampler. One station (4543) only has one image (for the right side). No sample was present on the left side. Still images were also collected of some samples (stations 4521, 4543, 4557) that were too small to be retained for grain-size analysis. There are a total of 65 images.
Although the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is available in the EXIF header of each image, which is derived from the station data summary file (available from the Larger Work citation). The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30, GPS receiver) at one-second intervals with a horizontal accuracy of 10 m. The navigation antenna is located 5.3 m forward of the SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS) deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition (navigation fixes represent antenna location). The location information in the EXIF header of each image does not represent the exact location where the image was taken; rather each image was given the latitude and longitude of the station location (the location of a sediment sample).
Still images of the sediment sample surfaces were collected using a hand-held Nikon 7100 digital camera with a resolution of 24 megapixels (4000 x 6000 pixels), with an 18-200x zoom lens with an aperture ranging from f3.5 to f5.6. After retrieval of the SEABOSS and placement on its wooden stand, the two doors (right and left) on the top of the Van Veen grab sampler were opened and a photo was taken of the sediment surface in each side of the sampler bucket. The centimeter scale in the image allows measurement of the distance from the top of the grab bucket to the top of the sediment surface and provides a qualitative measure of the volume of sediment collected by the grab, which is 15 centimeters deep in the deepest part of the sampler. See the cross-references for a description of the SEABOSS system.
2016
*.JPG
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
Using 2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.csv, the approximate time and location of each photo was derived. The station location (latitude and longitude), date and time for each station was extracted from the CSV file. This information was reformatted using an AWK script (awksampleimages_2016-038-FA) so that the following columns of information were available: image name (based on the station number), Julian day, GPS date (in the format YYYYMMDD), GPS time (in the format HH:MM:SS), latitude, and longitude. This information was written to a CSV file - 2016-038-FA_grabimage_locations.csv. This CSV file was then manually edited to remove records that referenced stations with no sediment sample. This process step and the subsequent process steps (unless otherwise noted), were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross.
2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.csv
202008
2016-038-FA_grabimage_locations.csv
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
A Python script (writeexif_2_readfile_7_25_19.py executed with IDLE version 2.7.14) was then run that incorporated the information from 2016-038-FA_grabimage_locations.csv, along with additional information, into the appropriate tags in the EXIF header of each grab image at each station. The Python script uses ExifTool (version 11.54) to write the information to the image headers of the full-resolution images. The following tags were populated in the JPEG image headers. Information is duplicated in some tags because different software packages access different tags.
GPS tags: The values populated are unique for each image and based on the information exported from 2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.csv.
>GPSLatitudeRef
>GPSLatitude
>GPSLongitudeRef
>GPSLongitude
>GPSTimeStamp
>GSPDateStamp
JPEG tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it, which is the same for every image.
comment: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a hand-held Nikon 7100 digital camera aboard the R/V Auk during survey 2016-038-FA (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-038-FA ).
EXIF tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it, which is the same for every image.
>ImageDescription: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2016-038-FA
>Artist: Page C. Valentine
>Copyright: Public Domain - please credit the U.S. Geological Survey
>UserComment: Image part of USGS data release https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
IPTC tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
>Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
>Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov
>keywords: Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, 2016-038-FA, SEABOSS, sea floor, USGS, ground-truth, https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
>CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey
>Caption-Abstract: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2016-038-FA
XMP tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
Caption: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2016-038-FA
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 11.54):
exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSDateStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription -UserComment *.jpg > out.csv
The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. Whether you use exiftool or exiftool.exe will depend on the system on which the command is being run.
2016-038-FA_grabimage_locations.csv
*.JPG
202008
*.JPG
Location information is in the EXIF header and also indicated by the station location in the station data summary data file (available from the Larger Work citation).
0.00001
0.00001
Decimal degrees
D_WGS_1984
WGS_1984
6378137.000000
298.257224
Although the images do not have attributes per se, the EXIF header information can be extracted or viewed to give additional information about each image. The process step explains how to extract the information from the image header and is replicated here.
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 11.54):
>
exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSDateStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription -UserComment *.jpg > out.csv
>
The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. Whether you use exiftool or exiftool.exe will depend on the system on which the command is being run.
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
2016-038-FA_SampleImages.zip contains the 65 JPEG images, the browse graphic (2016-038-FA_sampleimage_browse.jpg), and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format.
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
JPEG
The ZIP file contains JPEG image files, the browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata.
631
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/data/imagery/2016-038-FA_SampleImages.zip
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
The first link is to download the data in a ZIP file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. The last two links go to the same place; one is the DOI designation of the publication.
none
The ZIP file contains images in JPEG format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the ZIP file and viewing the JPEG images.
20201118
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998