Page C. Valentine
2019
Still images in JPEG format of the sediment surface in the grab sampler, collected on Stellwagen Bank during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2017-044-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, September 12-14, 2017
1.0
raster
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9IL0LLO
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IL0LLO
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2017-044-FA/
Page C. Valentine
VeeAnn A. Cross
2019
Sea-floor Sediment Samples, Seabed Imagery, and CTD Instrument Data Collected on Stellwagen Bank, in September 2017, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2017-044-FA
1.0
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9IL0LLO
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C., and Cross, V.A., 2018, Sea-floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD instrument data collected on Stellwagen Bank in September 2017, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2017-044-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IL0LLO.
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IL0LLO
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2017-044-FA/
This field activity is part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited 57 locations on Stellwagen Bank at which a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and measurements of water column properties.
Photos were collected of the sediment sample in the grab sampler to document the texture of the seabed surface, the degree of disturbance during sampling, biological features such as worm tubes, and to estimate the volume of sediment collected.
Additional information regarding this field activity is available from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-044-FA .
20170912
20170914
ground condition of when data were collected
None planned
-70.457940
-70.139670
42.421290
42.160880
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:fe22c2f1-d920-4340-9e78-419ed3ba3d53
None
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
CMHRP
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
WHCMSC
grab sample images
sample photographs
ground-truth
JPEG
SEABed Observation and Sampling System
SEABOSS
sediment sample images
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
geoscientificInformation
USGS Thesaurus
image collections
sea-floor characteristics
marine geology
field monitoring stations
None
North America
United States
Massachusetts
Atlantic Ocean
Stellwagen Bank
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
SBNMS
Massachusetts Bay
None.
None.
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2017-044-FA/data/imagery/2017-044-FA_sample_image_browse.jpg
Browse graphic of an example grab sample still image on Stellwagen Bank.
JPEG
D.S. Blackwood
K.F. Parolski
2001
Seabed observation and sampling system
Sea Technology
v. 42, no. 2, p.39-43
P. Valentine
D. Blackwood
K. Parolski
2000
Seabed observation and sampling system
U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet
FS-142-00
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/
The image names are in the format: staXXXX_Y.JPG. The designation XXXX is the station number; Y represents R or L, the right and left hand sides of the sample surface in the grab sampler. Each sediment sample has a maximum of two images – one showing the sediment surface in the right hand side of the sampler, and the other showing the sediment surface in the left hand side of the sampler. Exceptions are stations 4693, 4707, and 4709 where only one side was photographed to document that the sampler’s jaws were prevented by gravel or shells from fully closing, causing much of the sediment to be lost, and therefore no sediment sample was collected. The clock on the camera was not perfectly synced to the GPS time, so the GPSTimeStamp value in the EXIF header will not match the time portion of the DateTime, DateTimeOriginal, or DateTimeDigitized elements in the EXIF header.
Sediment samples were collected at 49 stations. Sediment samples have a maximum of two images – one showing the sediment surface in the right hand side of the sampler, and the other showing the sediment surface in the left hand side of the sampler. For 3 stations (4693, 4707, 4709), only one side was photographed, and the samples were poor and discarded. For 49 stations, both right and left sides were photographed (98 images); giving a total of 101 images.
Although the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is available in the EXIF header of each image, which is derived from the station data summary file (available from the Larger Work citation). The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30, GPS receiver) at two second intervals with a horizontal accuracy of 10 m. The navigation antenna is located 5.3 m forward of the SEABOSS deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition (navigation fixes represent antenna location).
Still images of sediment sample surfaces were collected using a hand-held Nikon 7100 digital camera with a resolution of 24 megapixels (6000 x 4000 pixels), using a 18-200x zoom lens with an aperture ranging from f3.5 to f5.6. A Nikon macro Speedlight was used for illumination. After retrieval of the SEABOSS and placement on its wooden stand, the two doors (right and left) in the top of the Van Veen grab sampler were opened and a photo was taken of the sediment surface in one or both sides of the sampler bucket. The centimeter scale in the image allows measurement of the distance from the top of the grab bucket to the top of the sediment surface and provides a qualitative measure of the volume of sediment collected by the grab, which is 15 cm deep in the deepest part of the sampler.
2017
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
Using the 2017-044-FA_station_data_summary.csv, the approximate time and location of each photo was derived. The station location (latitude and longitude), date and time for each station was extracted from the CSV file. This information was reformatted using an awk script (awksampleimages_2017-044-FA) so that the following columns of information were available: image name (based on the station number), julian day, GPS date (in the format YYYYMMDD), GPS time (in the format HH:MM:SS), latitude, and longitude. This information was written to a CSV file - 2017-044-FA_grabimage_locations.csv. This CSV files was then manually edited to remove records that referenced "L" images or "R" images that did not exist, or a station that did not have any sampler images. This process step and subsequent process steps (unless otherwise noted), were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross.
2017-044-FA_station_data_summary.csv
20190708
2017-044-FA_grabimage_locations.csv
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
A python script (writeexif_2_readfile_7_25_19.py executed with IDLE version 2.7.14) was then run that incorporated the information from 2017-044-FA_grabimage_locations.csv, along with additional information about the field activity, into the appropriate locations in the EXIF header of each grab image at each station. The PYTHON script uses ExifTool (version 11.54) to write the information to the image headers of the full-resolution images. The following tags were populated in the JPEG image headers. Information is duplicated in some tags. This was done because different software packages access different tags.
GPS tags: The values populated are unique for each image and based on the information exported from the photo locations shapefile.
>GPSLatitudeRef
>GPSLatitude
>GPSLongitudeRef
>GPSLongitude
>GPSTimeStamp
>GSPDateStamp
JPEG tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it.
comment: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a hand-held Nikon 7100 digital camera aboard the R/V Auk during survey 2017-044-FA ( https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-044-FA ).
EXIF tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
>ImageDescription: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2017-044-FA
>Artist: Page C. Valentine
>Copyright: Public Domain - please credit the U.S. Geological Survey
>UserComment: Image part of USGS data release https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IL0LLO
IPTC tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
>Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
>Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov
>Keywords: Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, 2017-044-FA, SEABOSS, sea floor, USGS, ground-truth, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IL0LLO
>CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey
>Caption-Abstract: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2017-044-FA
XMP tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
Caption: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2017-044-FA
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 11.54):
exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription -UserComment *.jpg > out.csv
The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees.
2017-044-FA_grabimage_locations.csv
*.jpg
2019
*.jpg
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
20200908
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Location information in the EXIF header and also indicated by the station location in the station data summary data file (available from the Larger Work citation).
0.000001
0.000001
Decimal degrees
D_WGS_1984
WGS_1984
6378137.000000
298.257224
Although the images do not have attributes per se, the EXIF header information can be extracted or viewed to give additional information about each image.
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
2017-044-FA_SampleImages.zip contains the 101 JPEG images, the browse graphic (2017-044-FA_sample_image_browse.jpg) and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in TXT, XML, and HTML formats.
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
JPEG
The zip file contains JPEG image files, browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata.
1150
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2017-044-FA/data/imagery/2017-044-FA_SampleImages.zip
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9IL0LLO
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2017-044-FA/
The first link is to download the data in a zip file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. Although the last two links go to the same place, one is the DOI designation of the publication.
none
The zip file contains images in JPEG format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and viewing the JPEG images.
20200908
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998