Point Shapefile of NGDC Locations of Ferromanganese Crusts in the World Ocean Compiled by the USGS in Open-File Report 89-020 (ngdc_ofr89-020.shp)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Point Shapefile of NGDC Locations of Ferromanganese Crusts in the World Ocean Compiled by the USGS in Open-File Report 89-020 (ngdc_ofr89-020.shp)
Abstract:
Ferromanganese crusts in the world's oceans may serve as potential sources of metals, such as cobalt and magnesium, valuable to civilian and military industry; these are metals that the United States would otherwise be dependent on foreign sources. Unlike abyssal ferromanganese nodules, which form in areas of low disturbance and high sediment accumulation, ferromanganese crusts have been found to contain three to five times more cobalt than abyssal ferromanganese nodules and can be found on harder, steeper substrates than abyssal plains, which can be too steep for permanent sediment accumulation. Ferromanganese crusts have also been documented on seamounts and plateaus within the U.S. exclusive economic zone in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and are therefore of strategic importance to the United States Government as well as to civilian mining and metallurgical industries. A database containing ferromanganese crust occurrences throughout the world's oceans was assembled from published and unpublished sources to provide data gathering and analytical information for these samples. These data provide the digital formatted locations of the sample locations of the U.S. Geological Survey and Scripps Institution Nodule Data Bank (SNDB) from appendixes A and B. These locations from 1986 and earlier are also represented on the maps of Lane and others (1986).
Manheim, F.T., Lane-Bostwick, C.M., 1989, Chemical composition of ferromanganese crusts in the world ocean: A review and comprehensive database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-020, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0020/
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, Point Shapefile of NGDC Locations of Ferromanganese Crusts in the World Ocean Compiled by the USGS in Open-File Report 89-020 (ngdc_ofr89-020.shp): Open-File Report 89-020, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Manheim, F.T., and Lane-Bostwick, C.M., 1989, Chemical Composition of Ferromanganese Crusts in the Word Ocean: A Review and Comprehensive Database: Open-File Report 89-020, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -179.339000
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: 179.986000
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 54.767000
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: -61.883000
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 2014
    Currentness_Reference:
    publication date
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity point (288)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    ngdc_ofr89-020
    Point shapefile. (Source: Esri)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    MMBIB
    Marine Minerals Bibliography number, a unique field that incorporates author and date of publication of reference where data were obtained. (Source: Data processor.) ASCII text.
    Latitude
    Latitude of sample location in decimal degrees. (Source: Data processor.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-61.883
    Maximum:54.767
    Units:decimal degrees
    hemns
    Indicates the northern or southern hemisphere. (Source: Data processor.)
    ValueDefinition
    NNorthern hemisphere.
    SSouthern hemisphere.
    Longitude
    Longitude of sample location in decimal degrees. (Source: Data processor.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-179.339
    Maximum:179.986
    Units:decimal degrees
    hemew
    Indicates the eastern or western hemisphere. (Source: Data processor.)
    ValueDefinition
    EEastern hemisphere.
    WWestern hemisphere.
    Depth_m
    Depth of sample location in meters. No data value is -9999. (Source: Data processor.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:25
    Maximum:5960
    Units:meters
    Sample
    Assumed that this is a combination of cruise and sample number. Not well defined anywhere. (Source: Data processor.) ASCII text.
    SampDev
    Sampling device used to collect the sample. (Source: Data processor.) ASCII text.
    Inst
    Institution affiliated with the sample. (Source: Data processor.) ASCII text.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The definitions for the attributes were not readily available in the information downloaded from the NGDC site, nor from Open-File Report 89-020. However, both of these sources did provide some useful information to help in the attribute definitions.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    README.TXT file that was downloaded with the ASCII files from NGDC.
    Manheim, F.T., Lane-Bostwick, C.M., 1989, Chemical composition of ferromanganese crusts in the world ocean: A review and comprehensive database: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-020, http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0020/.
    Unfortunately, some of the attributes or their enumerated domains were not thoroughly described in either place.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)

Why was the data set created?

The purpose of this dataset is to release the information contained in Appendix A section A9 from USGS Open-File Report 89-020 in a GIS compatible format. These data contain station location information for NGDC sites to be used with the analysis information in Table 11 of the chemical composition of ferromanganese crusts in the world oceans (Manheim and Lane-Bostwick, 1989).

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    FeMn Manheim (source 1 of 2)
    National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and U.S. National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), 1991, U.S. Geological Survey Ferromanganese Crust Data Set: NGDC Data Set 1019, National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    This citation refers to the location where the digital data were acquired.
    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Contribution:
    The digital file containing the station locations for the NGDC samples whose analysis is listed in Table 11 of OFR 89-020 was downloaded from the site on August 6, 2014. Additional information regarding this file, and the other files downloaded at the same time, is in the README.TXT file that was downloaded with the dataset and included with this reformatted data.
    FeMnOFR (source 2 of 2)
    Manheim, F.T., and Lane-Bostwick, C.M., 1989, Chemical Composition of Ferromanganese Crusts in the World Ocean: A Review and Comprehensive Database: Open-File Report 89-020, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution:
    The Open-File Report provided the details necessary to complete the metadata.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 06-Aug-2014 (process 1 of 7)
    The digital ASCII files were downloaded from NGDC. Person who carried out this activity:
    Brian J. Buczkowski
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Core Curator and Data Management Specialist
    Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2361 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    bbuczkowski@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • ngdc.txt
    Date: Aug-2014 (process 2 of 7)
    The file was processed to make it a comma-delimited text file ready for import into ArcMap 9.3.1. The problem was the original file made no consistent use of delimiters and had both tabs and spaces. Additionally, the header was more than one line, and had to be restricted to values that are compatible with an Esri shapefile. This process used VI (version 7.3. running under Cygwin on a Windows 7 machine) to replace tabs with commas, edit the header line, and do some manual editing to make sure the columns of information were consistent. Additionally, the degrees symbol and hemisphere information was separated from the latitude and longitude values to facilitate import into ArcGIS. Determining appropriate columns of information was further complicated by the fact that some of the columns had blanks. The results were compared with Appendix A, part A9 in OFR 89-020 to verify results. This process step and all remaining process steps were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross. Data sources used in this process:
    • ngdc.txt
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • ngdc_vac2.csv
    Date: Aug-2014 (process 3 of 7)
    The VB 2010 program SchemaGen (a simple VS 2010 tool written by VeeAnn Cross at the USGS in Woods Hole) was used to generate the appropriate field definition information for the schema.ini file. This enables the hard coding of an attribute type when the file is brought into ArcGIS. Creating an appropriate schema.ini file to define the attributes aids in the prevention of data being lost because ArcGIS interprets the field as the wrong attribute type. Although not a problem with this file, this tool also enabled the length of the text fields to be set so they would not all be brought in at width 254. The separate schema file was then incorporated into the schema.ini file that would be used by ArcGIS. Data sources used in this process:
    • ngdc_vac2.csv
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • schema_ngdc.txt
    Date: Sep-2014 (process 4 of 7)
    The comma-delimited text file was then added to ArcMap 9.3.1 as an event theme and converted to a shapefile. The projection was defined as geographic, NAD 83. This datum was chosen in the absence of detailed datum information provided with the dataset. Data sources used in this process:
    • ngdc_vac2.csv
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • ngdc_ofr89-020.shp
    Date: Sep-2014 (process 5 of 7)
    The comma-delimited test file had some blanks. Shapefiles don't allow blanks in numeric fields, those blanks are automatically converted to zeros. No zeros occurred in the original text file in numeric fields. The blank fields, which converted to zeros when the shapefile was created, were replaced with a nodata value of -9999. Data sources used in this process:
    • ngdc_ofr89-020.shp
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • ngdc_ofr89-020.shp
    Date: Sep-2014 (process 6 of 7)
    Using XTools Pro (version 7.1.0) in ArcMap 9.3.1 - export the attribute table to a comma-delimited text file using Table Operations - Export Table to Text. Exclude the attribute FID from the export. Data sources used in this process:
    • ngdc_ofr89-020.shp
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • ngdc_ofr89-020.csv
    Date: 17-Nov-2021 (process 7 of 7)
    Modified the title to move the dataset name from the beginning of the title. Added USGS Thesaurus keywords. Add the DOI link in the identification section and as a network resource name. Also added a DOI link to the cross-reference and added additional elements to that citation. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes (20210412). The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Tweaked a thesaurus name (20211117). Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Lane, C.M., Manheim, F.T., Hathaway, J.C., and Ling, T.H., 1986, Station Maps of the World Ocean-Ferromanganese-Crust Data Base: Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1869, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The data in the digital files were only spot checked against the paper report. The same number of records exist in the digital file as in Appendix A section A9.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    The overall accuracy of the data varies and is mostly unknown. However, based on known devices and the time frame of data collection, positional accuracy is assumed to be around 1 kilometer or more.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    No information is recorded in the data files regarding how the depths were measured. Therefore no accuracy value can be assumed.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    All of the data from the downloaded ngdc.txt file are included.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    The original text file did not use consistent column delimiters. The spacing appeared to be more for appearance than the ability to ingest the information into another software package for analysis or display.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None.
Use_Constraints None.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Brian J. Buczkowski
    Core Curator and Data Management Specialist
    Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2361 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    bbuczkowski@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? ofr89-020_ngdc.zip. This zip file contains the ngdc_ofr89-020 shapefile, the corresponding CSV file, the FGDC CSDGM metadata files (in 4 formats), and the readme.txt file distributed with the files from NGDC.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 18-Mar-2024
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Woods Hole, MA

508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318)
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr1989-0020/ngdc_ofr89-020meta.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Mon Mar 25 16:05:18 2024