Detailed analysis of 35 most common species found in Long Island Sound benthic communities

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Detailed analysis of 35 most common species found in Long Island Sound benthic communities
Abstract:
This GIS layer provides the location where samples from Pellegrino and Hubbard were summarized to provide detailed analysis of 35 common species found in Long Island Sound benthic communities
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Zajac, Roman N., 2000, Detailed analysis of 35 most common species found in Long Island Sound benthic communities: Open-File Report 2000-304, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Roman N. Zajac was the compiler of this individual dataset. The accompanying chapter in the OFR includes the authors Ralph S. Lewis, Lawrence J. Poppe, David C. Twichell, Joseph Vozarik, Mary L. DiGiacomo-Cohen, and Matt Robinson.
    This is part of the following larger work.

    Paskevich, Valerie, and Poppe, Larry, 2000, Georeferenced sea-floor mapping and bottom photography in Long Island Sound: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File report 00-304, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Valerie F. Paskevich and Lawrenc J. Poppe are the editors of the publication which contains 12 individual chapters with various authors.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.6418
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.8630
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.3536
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.9067
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of00-304/htmldocs/images/browse/benthos.gif (GIF)
    image showing the extent of the GIS layer and the location of samples compiled for detailed analysis of 35 species of the Long Island Sound benthic communities
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 1983
    Currentness_Reference:
    Publication Date
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (413)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 18
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -075.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: +00.000000
      False_Easting: 500000
      False_Northing: 0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 2000
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 2000
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is GRS80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.00.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    benthos.dbf
    Shapefile attribute file (Source: ESRI)
    Shape
    Point showing sample location (Source: User defined) point
    Allben_
    Carried over from ArcInfo as an internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data (Source: software computed)Frequency of measurement: Unknown
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:413
    Allben_id
    Carried over from ArcInfo as an internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data. (Source: software computer)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:413
    Station
    Station ID originally assigned in the field. (Source: Pellegrino and Hubbard (1983))
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:413
    Amp
    Cluster member identification based on multivariant cluster analysis of amphipod data. (Source: Zajac and others (1998))
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:16
    Biv
    Cluster member identification based on multivariant cluster analysis of bivalve data. (Source: Zajac and others (1998))
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:20
    Poly
    Cluster member identification based on multivariant cluster analysis of polychaete data. (Source: Zajac and others (1998))
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:29
    Spall
    Parameter generated during multivariant cluster analysis related to all species, but that has no applicable relevance to the use of the data. (Source: Zajac and other (1998))
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:15
    Sp1name
    Pectinaria gouldi (Source: User defined) Character Field
    Sp1data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:40.9
    Sp2name
    Nephtys incisa (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp2data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:11.2
    Sp3name
    Mediomastus ambiseta (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp3data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:53.3
    Sp4name
    Polydora websteri (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp4data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.45
    Sp5name
    Aricidea jeffersyii (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp5data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.27
    Sp6name
    Prionospio heterobranchia (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp6data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:13.8
    Sp7name
    Paraonis fulgens (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp7data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.954
    Sp8name
    Asabellides oculata (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp8data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:12.2
    Sp9name
    Clymenella zonali (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp9data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:190.0
    Sp10name
    Spiophanes bombyx (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp10data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.43
    Sp11name
    Cirratulus grandis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp11data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.33
    Sp12name
    Cirratulus cirratus (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp12data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.4
    Sp13name
    Lepidontus squamotus (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp13data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.27
    Sp14name
    Steblospio benedicti (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp14data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:9.70
    Sp15name
    Owenia fusiformis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp15data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.98
    Sp16name
    Nephtys picta (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp16data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.61
    Sp17name
    Capitella capitata (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp17data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.64
    Sp18name
    Amphareta arctica (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp18data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.19
    Sp19name
    Prionospio tenuis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp19data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:9.35
    Sp20name
    Ampelisca abdita (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp20data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:12.40
    Sp21name
    Unciola irrorata (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp21data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.68
    Sp22name
    Leptocheirus pinguis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp22data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:9.63
    Sp23name
    Ampelisca vadorum (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp23data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:21.3
    Sp24name
    Protohaustorius wigleyi (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp24data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:17.7
    Sp25name
    Ancanthohaustorius millsi (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp25data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.04
    Sp26name
    Arginina longicornis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp26data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:10.7
    Sp27name
    Corophium acheruscum (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp27data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:18.4
    Sp28name
    Mulinia lateralis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp28data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:299.0
    Sp29name
    Nucula annulata (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp29data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:124.0
    Sp30name
    Pitar morrhuana (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp30data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:5.38
    Sp31name
    Telline agilis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp31data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:12.8
    Sp32name
    Yoldia lamata (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp32data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.33
    Sp33name
    Pandora gouldina (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp33data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.04
    Sp34name
    Erisis directus (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp34data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.03
    Sp35name
    Mytilus edulis (Source: user defined) Character Field
    Sp35data
    Mean number of individuals/grab averaged across all stations in a cluster. (Source: user defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:36.40
    Sed_type
    Bulk sediment characteristics. Varibales in this codeset gr - gravel gs - gravelly sand cs - coarse sand ms - medium sand fs - fine sand st - silt (Source: Pellegrino and Hubbard, 1983)
    Formal codeset
    Codeset Name:Sed_type
    Codeset Source:Pellegrino and Hubbard, 1983
    Frequency
    Parameter generated during multivariant cluster analysis that has no applicable relevance to the use of the data. (Source: Zajac and others, 1998)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:54
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The original studies were conducted to describe the disturbution of the benthic infauna within Connecticut waters in lIS.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Pellegrino and Hubbard, 1983

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Roman N. Zajac
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Roman Zajac
    University of New Haven
    Professor
    Biological and Environmental Sciences
    University of New Haven
    300 Orange Avenue
    West Haven, CT
    USA

    (203) 932-7114 (voice)
    zajacrn@charger.newhaven.edu

Why was the data set created?

This GIS layer, which focuses on benthic communities, was developed as part of a cooperative project between the University of New Haven, the Connecticut DEP, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Benthic communities are an integral component of the ecology of LIS.
Understanding the role that spatial heterogeneity plays in the dynamic of benthic landscapes may be a key to developing a better understanding of the estuarine ecology and the impacts of huuman activity. The purpose of providing this data layer is to help establish a regional framework for developing a more extensive GIS for benthic communities in LIS that can be used for education, research, and environmental management.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Pellegrino and Hubbard, 1983 (source 1 of 1)
    Pellegrino(comp.), P., and Hubbard(comp.), W., 1983, Baseline shellfish data for the assessment of potential environmetal impacts associated with energy activities in Connecticut's coastal zone: Department of Agriculture, Aquaculture Division, Hartford, CT.

    Type_of_Source_Media: paper
    Source_Contribution: Describes regional benthic communities in Long Island Sound
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: Unknown (process 1 of 3)
    Sediment samples were collected by grab sampler and were wet sieved to remove the mud fraction. Coarse fractions were stored in formalin until individual species specimens could be identified and counted with a binocular microscope under reflected light. Person who carried out this activity:
    Roman Zajac
    University of New Haven
    Professor
    Biological and Environemtal Sciences
    University of New Haven
    300 Orange Avenue
    West Haven, CT
    USA

    (203) 932-7114 (voice)
    zajacrn@charger.newhaven.edu
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Pellegrino and Hubbard's station locations and species populations
    Date: Unknown (process 2 of 3)
    Text files of the navigation and species populations were imported into ArcInfo and shape files were generated Person who carried out this activity:
    Roman N. Zajac
    University of New Haven
    Professor
    Biology and Environmental Sciences
    Univesity of New Haven
    300 Orange Avenue
    West Haven, CT
    USA

    (203) 932-7114 (voice)
    zajacrn@charger.newhaven.edu
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • benthos.dbf
    • benthos.shp
    • benthos.shx
    Date: 26-Jun-2023 (process 3 of 3)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.50 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. Additional small edits including (but not limited to) such as adding the edition element, fixing browse graphic information etc. were perfomed on the metadata. Author names were edited to remove "ed." and "comp". Added links to access the data including the DOI link. Added USGS Thesaurus keywords. Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword (PID). Fixed the ellipsoid name to agree with the datum. Fixed the denominator of flattening ratio. Updated the distribution liability. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. A generic email in the metadata contact was used, along with adding contact instructions. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. (20230626) Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Pellegrino(comp.), P., and Hubbard(comp.), W., 1983, Baseline shellfish data for the assessment of potential environmental impacts associated with energy activities in Connecticut's coastal zone: Report to the State of Connecticut unknown, Department of Agriculture, Aquaculture Division, Hartford, CT.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Ship navigation was by Loran-C; biologic specimens were individually identified and counted, sediment data is based on visual observation.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Ship navigation was by Loran-C. The typical accuracy of a Loran-C system is between 185 and 460 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    No tidal corrections performed
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    None
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No additional checks for topological consistancy were performed on this data set.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints The University of New Haven and the U.S. Geological Survey must be referenced as the originator of the data set in any future products or as research derived from these data.
Although this derived data set and its lineage dataset have been used by the University of New Haven and the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the University of New Haven or the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the University of New Haven or the USGS in the use of the data or related materials.
Use_Constraints None
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Roman Zajac
    University of New Haven
    Professor
    Biological and Environmental Sciences
    University of New Haven
    300 Orange Avenue
    West Haven, CT
    USA

    203-932-7114 (voice)
    zajacrn@charger.newhaven.edu
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Long Island Sound: benthos.shp
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    None
  6. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This layer is available in ArcView 3.2 format. Users must have ArcView 3.0 or later, or another GIS application capable of importing the data.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 26-Jun-2023
Metadata author:
Valerie Paskevich
U. S. Geological Survey
Computer Specialist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA
USA

(508) 548-8700 x2281 (voice)
(508) 457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with the USGS.
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2000-304/benthos.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Mon Jun 26 11:24:40 2023