Distribution of Surficial Sediments in Long Island Sound

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title: Distribution of Surficial Sediments in Long Island Sound
Abstract:
This GIS layer contains an computer generated model of the distribution of surficial sediments in Long Island Sound.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Poppe, Lawrence J., and Seekins, Barbara A., 20000617, Distribution of Surficial Sediments in Long Island Sound: Open-File Report 2000-304, U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Lawrence J. Poppe and Barbara A. Seekins were the compilers of this individual dataset. The accompanying chapter in the OFR includes the authors Harley J. Knebel and Mary E. Hastings.
    This is part of the following larger work.

    Paskevich, Valerie, and Poppe, Larry, 2000, Georeferenced Sea-Floor Mapping and Bottom Photography in Long Island Sound: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OFR 00-304, U. S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Field Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Valerie F. Paskevich and Lawrenc J. Poppe are the editors of the publication which contains 12 individual chapters with various authors.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.0491
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.8185
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.4348
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.5031
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of00-304/htmldocs/images/browse/listex.gif (GIF)
    image showing the extent of the GIS layer and the distribution of surficial sediments in Long Island Sound
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 21-Jul-2000
    Currentness_Reference:
    Publication Date
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: polygon shapefile
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • GT-polygon composed of chains (1923)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 18
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.99960
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -075.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: +00.000000
      False_Easting: 500000
      False_Northing: 0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 70
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 70
      Planar coordinates are specified in Meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is GRS80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.00.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    listex.dbf
    Shapefile attribute file (Source: none)
    Area
    Area of polygon (Source: software computed)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.00002
    Maximum:3024285983.91821
    Perimeter
    Perimeter of polygon (Source: software computed)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.02100
    Maximum:1463008.34494
    Linenu4_
    Carried over from the ArcInfo attribute LINENU4#. LINENU4# is an ArcInfo internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data. (Source: User Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1996
    Linenu4_id
    Carried over from the ArcInfo attribute LINENU4-ID. LINENU4-ID is an ArcInfo internal control parameter and has no applicable relevance to the use of the data. (Source: User Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Texture
    Sediment type as defined by the classification system of Shepard (1954). Shepard's classiification system is based on percents of gravel, sand, silt, and clay (Source: User Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    grgravel or bedrock
    gr-sdgravelly sand
    landareas above the water line, not part of this work
    no dataareas that are unmapped
    sdsand
    sd/st/clsand-silt-clay
    sd-cl/stsandy silt, clayey silt, or silt
    sd-st/clsilty clay
    st-cl/sdsilty sand
    Sourcethm
    Previous version of the shape file created during development (Source: User Defined) Character field
    Hectares
    Area of the polygon in hectares (Source: User Defined) Character field
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    This datalayer (the texture of surficial sediments in LIS) provides information on sedimentary environment and aggregate resource potential. The Texture attribute was originally defined as text, and later edited to add the enumerated domain values (20230616) based on the information in Chapter 4 of the Larger Work Citation - primarily used Figure 3 in that chapter.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Distribution of surficial sediment in Long Island Sound and adjacent waters: texture and total organic carbon, by Poppe and others

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Lawrence J. Poppe
    • Barbara A. Seekins
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    M. Moffett, A. Harmon, B. Taylor and A. Robinson, the analyst who performed the grain-size analyses; and B. Seekins for completing the Arc processing and creation of the GIS data layer.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U. S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Larry Poppe
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: 0800-1600

Why was the data set created?

The purpose is to disseminate a digital version of a regional map showing the distribution of surficial sediments in Long Island Sound. Grain size is the most basic attribute of sediment texture, and texture controls many benthic ecological and chemical processes.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    LISsamples (source 1 of 1)
    various(comp.), Unknown, various high-resolution seismic cruises.

    Type_of_Source_Media: Van Veen grab sampler
    Source_Contribution:
    During field work conducted in Long Island Sound during June 1992 and March 1998, a total of 1,554 samples were collected. These samples were placed in sealed containers aboard ship and frozen for later grain-size analysis.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: Unknown (process 1 of 5)
    Samples for grain-size analysis were disaggregated and wet seived to separate the coarse and fine fractions. The fine fraction was analyzed by Coulter Counters. The coarse fraction was analyzed by sieving and a rapid sediment analyzer. Bivalve shells and other biogenic carbonate debris were manually removed from the gravel fraction before analysis. All textural data were salt corrected. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Larry Poppe
    384 Woods Hole road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • LISsamples
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • LIS grain-size data
    Date: Unknown (process 2 of 5)
    Grain-size analysis data points and values were plotted on paper and hand contoured. The contour map was photographed and the resulting photograph was scanned to create a TIF image file. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Larry Poppe
    384 Woods Hole road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • LIS grain-size data
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • listex.tif
    Date: Unknown (process 3 of 5)
    The produced TIF image was brought into Arc/Info and georeferenced. The georeferenced image was converted to an Arc/Info grid and projected to UTM. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Barbara Seekins
    384 Woods Hole road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2259 (voice)
    bseekins@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • listex.tif
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • listex.grd
    Date: Unknown (process 4 of 5)
    The grid file, listex.grd, was displayed in ArcView and the textural contours were digitized on screen. The vectors were combined with a coastline file to create a polygon shapefile. The resultant polygons were tagged to identify the sediment classes. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Barbara Seekins
    384 Woods Hole road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2259 (voice)
    bseekins@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • listex.grd
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • listex.dbf
    • listex.shp
    • listex.shx
    Date: 26-Jun-2023 (process 5 of 5)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.50 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. Additional small edits including (but not limited to) such as adding the edition element were perfomed on the metadata. Author names were edited to remove "ed." and "comp". Added links to access the data including the DOI link. Added USGS Thesaurus keywords. Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword (PID). Fixed the ellipsoid name to agree with the datum. Fixed the denominator of flattening ratio. The Texture attribute was updated to be an enumerated domain specifying the specific values. The definition was based on information in Chapter 4 of the Larger Work citation, particularly Figure 3. The units defined in the figure were compared to the shapefile with the map legend definition applied in the attribute value. Updated the distribution liability. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. A generic email in the metadata contact was used, along with adding contact instructions. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. (20230626) Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Poppe(comp.), Larry, 2000, Distribution of surficial sediment in Long Island Sound and adjacent waters: texture and total organic carbon: Coastal Education and Research Foundation, Fort Lauderdale, FL.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    All contacts are considered to be inferred because contacts are often gradational and small-scale variability is below the map resolution.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    A navigation was done by differential GPS. Typical DGPS accuracy for LIS is about +/-10 m.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Tides are less than 2 m
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    none
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on this data set.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints The U.S. Geological Survey must be referenced as the originator of the dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.
Although this derived data set and its lineage dataset have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall notconstitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U. S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Larry Poppe
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508)548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Long Island Sound: listex.shp
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    None
  6. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    The listex overlay is available in an ArcView shapefile format. The user must have ESRI's ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of Arcview, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 26-Jun-2023
Metadata author:
Valerie Paskevich
U. S. Geological Survey
computer specialist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA
USA

(508) 548-8700 x2281 (voice)
(508) 457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with the USGS.
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2000-304/listex.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Mon Jun 26 11:24:40 2023