Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Publication_Date: 2004 Title: 1-meter composite digital sidescan sonar mosaic of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) survey H11043 in north-central Long Island Sound off Branford, Connecticut (H11043_GEO_WGS84.TIF) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2004-1003 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041003 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/data/sidescan/h11043/h11043_geo_wgs84.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: V.F. Paskevich Originator: M.S. Moser Originator: M.L. DiGiacomo-Cohen Originator: E.B. Christman Publication_Date: 2004 Title: Sidescan Sonar Imagery and Surficial Geologic Interpretation of the Sea Floor off Branford, Connecticut Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2004-1003 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: 1 CD-ROM Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/ Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, has produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States. These studies have built upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology. Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future. Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we have constructed and interpreted sidescan sonar mosaics (complete-coverage acoustic images of the sea floor) within specific areas of special interest (Poppe and Polloni, 1998; fig. 1). The mosaic presented herein covers a 41.1 km2 of the sea floor in north-central Long Island Sound off Branford, Connecticut. The mosaics and their interpretations serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. The sidescan sonar mosaics also serve as base maps for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretation of point measurements. Purpose: This georeferenced image is a component of the Long Island Sound GIS database and contains the completed sidescan sonar mosaic for the study area off Branford, Connecticut. These data are intended for science researchers, students, policy makers, and the general public. The data can be used with geographic information systems (GIS) software to display geologic and oceanographic information. Supplemental_Information: The image, which has not been enhanced, has a white background surrounding the composite mosaic. High dn values represent high backscatter and low dn values represent low backscatter. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2001 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.869907 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.775833 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.237200 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.151200 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:378e2d37-67e0-45f9-b46f-26c013c358e4 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHSC Theme_Keyword: Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection Theme_Keyword: CT-DEP Theme_Keyword: NOAA Ship RUDE Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF Theme_Keyword: gray-scale image Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar mosaic Theme_Keyword: image Theme_Keyword: geographic Theme_Keyword: NOAA survey H11043 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sea-floor acoustic reflectivity Theme_Keyword: image mosaics Theme_Keyword: sidescan sonar Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Long Island Sound Place_Keyword: Branford Place_Keyword: Townshend Ledge Place_Keyword: Branford Reef Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: east coast Place_Keyword: northeast Place_Keyword: US Atlantic East Coast Place_Keyword: U.S. East Coast Place_Keyword: Atlantic Margin Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: North America Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as the originators of this dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Lawrence J. Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/data/sidescan/h11043/h11043_geo_wgs84.gif Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Overview of the digital sidescan sonar mosaic produced for NOAA survey H11043 Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.2.1350 Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image. Logical_Consistency_Report: Information unavailable from original metadata. Completeness_Report: All collected data were processed and used to generate the digital mosaic. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigation was by differential GPS; positional accuracy to less than 10 m. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Publication_Date: Unpublished Material Title: H11043mosaic Edition: 1.0 Type_of_Source_Media: CD-ROM Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2001 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic Source_Contribution: Orginal sidescan sonar mosaic created by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This image was projected from UTM to geographic. Process_Step: Process_Description: The sidescan sonar imagery contained in this report was produced from data collected during 2001 as part of NOAA survey H11043 aboard the NOAA Ship RUDE. The data for these surveys were acquired in XTF (extended Triton data format) using an Edgetech (EG&G) 272T sidescan sonar tow fish set to sweep about 100 m to either side of the ship's track. The Edgetech model 272T tow fish emits two 50°-wide beams tilted down 20° from horizontal, and transmits at 100 kHz. Analog side scan sonar data were converted to digital using an EG&G Analog Converter Interface (ACI). These digital data were then recorded through a Triton Elics International ISIS data acquisition system. The sidescan sonar data were multiplexed and filtered to convert the data into the desired processing format and to remove speckle noise and corrected for slant-range distortions. and imported into SonarWeb, an application that creates mosaics from raw XTF sidescan sonar data. The mosaic include the following standards: 1 meter resolution, image 'shine through', and auto contrast adjustment (with a 12.9% contrast increase). The image includes a white background (no data) surrounding the sidescan sonar image. High dn values represent low backscatter and low dn values represent high backscatter. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: XTF sidescan sonar data Process_Date: 2002 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: LTJG Marc Moser Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Contact_Position: Field Support Liaison Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Hydrographic Systems and Technology Program City: Norfolk State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 23510 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (757) 441-6726 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: Marc.S.Moser@noaa.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The original image was renamed to h11043_utm18_wgs84 for archival purposes and to be more descriptive. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tif Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: H11043mosaic.tfw Process_Date: Unknown Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Lawrence J. Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The original image was projected from UTM zone 18 to geographic and greyscale inverted. Lower digital values (dark) represent low backscatter and higher digital values represent high backscatter. The final image was saved in GEOTIFF format. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tif Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_utm18_wgs84.tfw Process_Date: 20030926 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84.tif Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11043_geo_wgs84.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Valerie Paskevich Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Information Specialist, GIS Coordinator Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2281 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vpaskevich@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Projection information needed to be fixed - the latitude and longitude resolution as well as the horizontal datum name. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20160307 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Process_Date: 20180720 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Process_Date: 20191118 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200908 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 9524 Column_Count: 8076 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000009 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000012 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data: sidescan sonar mosaic of NOAA survey H11043 off Branford, CT - h11043_geo_wgs84.tif Distribution_Liability: Although this data set has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CT-DEP), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS or NOAA as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS, CT-DEP, or NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TIFF Format_Version_Number: Information unavailable from original metadata. Format_Specification: GeoTIFF Format_Information_Content: zip archive containing the GeoTIFF image, world file and associated metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: zip Transfer_Size: 24.7 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/data/sidescan/h11043/h11043_geo_wgs84.zip Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/data/sidescan/ Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2004/1003/htmldocs/data_catalog.htm Access_Instructions: Data may be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW). Offline_Option: Offline_Media: CD-ROM Recording_Capacity: Recording_Density: 650 Recording_Density_Units: Mbytes Recording_Format: ISO 9660 Compatibility_Information: The user must have a CD-ROM capable of reading an ISO 9660 standard CD-ROM Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: This image is available as a GeoTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2004 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211116 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid. Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None