Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2006 Title: Color-Encoded Image of 5-m Gridded Hill-Shaded Bathymetry From Long Island Sound off Milford, Connecticut (H11044_GEO_5MBATHY.TIF, Geographic) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1145 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051145 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/data/bathy/geotifs/h11044/geo/h11044_geo_5mbathy.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: S.D. Ackerman Originator: E.F. Doran Originator: A.L. Beaver Originator: J.M. Crocker Originator: P.T. Schattgen Publication_Date: 2006 Title: Interpolation of Reconnaissance Multibeam Bathymetry from North-Central Long Island Sound Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1145 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/ Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, has produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States. These studies have built upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982. The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology. Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future. Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we have interpolated and regridded this NOAA bathymetric survey into a complete-coverage acoustic image of the sea floor. The image presented herein covers a 77.5 km square area of the sea floor in west-central Long Island Sound off Milford, Connecticut and was produced from data collected during NOAA survey H11044. This imagery may serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. This bathymetry may also serve as a base map for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretation of point measurements. Purpose: To release a GeoTIFF image of the 5-m gridded bathymetry generated from NOAA survey H11044 in Long Island Sound off Milford, Connecticut. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2005 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.128119 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -72.936744 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.141151 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.023417 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:443b1d00-5137-46b2-a41f-53397d2cff2f Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Theme_Keyword: NOAA Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center Theme_Keyword: NOAA Ship RUDE Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF Theme_Keyword: multibeam bathymetry Theme_Keyword: image Theme_Keyword: gridded Theme_Keyword: Survey H11044 Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: WHSC Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: pseudo-color image Theme_Keyword: shaded relief Theme_Keyword: hillshade image Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Theme_Keyword: computational methods Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Theme_Keyword: multibeam sonar Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Long Island Sound Place_Keyword: Connecticut Place_Keyword: Milford Place_Keyword: U.S. East Coast Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: North America Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Data are not for navigation purposes. Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/graphics/browse_graphics/h11044_geo_5mbathy.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Overview image of the 5-m bathyetry from NOAA survey H11044 Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Please acknowledge NOAA and the NOAA Ship RUDE as the originators of the data from which this data set was derived. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: K.Y. McMullen Originator: L.J. Poppe Originator: V.F. Paskevich Originator: E.F. Doran Originator: M.S. Moser Originator: E.B. Christman Originator: A.J. Beaver Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Surficial Geologic Interpretation and Sidescan Sonar Imagery of the Sea Floor in West-Central Long Island Sound Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2005-1018 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1018/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image. Logical_Consistency_Report: Information unavailable from original metadata. Completeness_Report: All collected data were processed and used to produce an image of the interpolated and gridded dataset. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Navigation was by Differential GPS. Data is interpolated and gridded to 5 m, assume a horizontal positional accuracy of approximately 5 meters. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Publication_Date: Unpublished Material Title: H11044 Multibeam Bathymetry Edition: 1 Type_of_Source_Media: DVD-ROM Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2003 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition Source_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_1_5m_decimal_degrees_xyz.txt Source_Contribution: Original gridded, but not interpolated data. This had resulted in areas of no data between many of the ship's tracks. Process_Step: Process_Description: The bathymetry data were collected during 2003 as part of NOAA surveys H11044 aboard the NOAA Ship RUDE. The RUDE, which supports NOAA's east-coast nautical charting mission, is outfitted to acquire single-beam bathymetry with an Odom Echotrac DF-3200 duel frequency echosounder and shallow water multibeam bathymetry with a Reson 8125 system. The Reson multibeam system operates at 455 KHz with a 120 degree across track swath and 240 beams along its swath. The multibeam data for these surveys were acquired in XTF (extended Triton data format) and recorded digitally through an ISIS data acquisition system. Once digitally recorded, the XTF data were processed using CARIS HIPS/SIPS software to quality control the data and to incorporate sound velocity and tidal corrections. Vertical datum is mean lower low water. Process_Date: 2004 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_1_5m_decimal_degrees_xyz.txt Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Contact_Person: Crew of the NOAA Ship RUDE Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: Atlantic Hydrographic Branch Address: 439 West York Street City: Norfolk State_or_Province: VA Postal_Code: 23510 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: unknown Process_Step: Process_Description: The original multibeam data set, which is in ASCII comma-delimited text, did not entirely cover the sea floor because line spacing during acquisition was such that areas of no data often are present between the ship's tracks. Therefore, further processing was conducted at the USGS's Woods Hole Science Center to provide bathymetric datasets with more continuous coverage. First, all non-standardized records were assumed to be bad records and were removed. Subsequently, the PROJ.4 cartographic projections library was used to project the data, the SwathEd software produced by the Ocean Mapping Group at the University of New Brunswick was used to create the grids from the actual sounding data, and GMT (the Generic Mapping Tools) was used to create a 5-m interpolated grid of the bathymetry. Interpolation was achieved during GMT processing by running the data through a block median filter and using a surface generating algorithm with a tension of 0.5. Other parameters were set at default. The grid was projected into Universal Transverse Mercator, Zone 18N. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_1_5m_decimal_degrees_xyz.txt Process_Date: unknown Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_bathy5 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: GIS Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: A sun-illuminated surface was generated from the interpolated grid using ArcTool box with hill-shading from 270 degrees (a direction parallel to most of the ship's tracks) to minimize artifacts and angle of 45 degrees above the horizon. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_bathy5 Process_Date: 2005 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_hlshd5 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11045_geo_5mbathy.tfw Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: GIS Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: ArcView 3.3 extension grid2image (Image Conversion-Georeferencing) was used to create the color GeoTIFF image. As part of this process, the bathymetry was color coded to user-specified full-spectrum legend colors and the hill-shaded grid was saved as a GeoTIFF image preserving both the legend colors and hill shading. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_bathy5 Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_hlshd5 Process_Date: 2005 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_utm18_5m.tif Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: GIS Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The Blue Marble Geographic Transformer was used to project the UTM zone 18 GeoTIFF image into geographic WGS84. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_utm18_5m.tif Process_Date: 2005 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: h11044_geo_5mbathy.tif Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Seth Ackerman Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: GIS Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2315 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sackerman@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Moved quantitative horizontal positional accuracy information to horizontal accuracy report. Repaired contacted addresses. Moved planar resolution to geographic resolution and removed planar coordinate system. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20160307 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Process_Date: 20180720 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Process_Date: 20191118 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword, 20200908. Added a space to an originator name, 20210924. Process_Date: 20210924 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Pixel Row_Count: 2615 Column_Count: 3204 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000045 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000060 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geolgist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lpoppe@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data: Geotiff image of the color-encoded 5-m hill-shaded multibeam bathymetry of NOAA survey H11045 in geographic Distribution_Liability: Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: TIFF Format_Version_Number: Information unavailable from original metadata. Format_Specification: GeoTIFF Format_Information_Content: Archive file containing the GeoTIFF image, world file, projection information and metadata files. File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 13.4 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/data/bathy/geotifs/h11044/geo/h11044_geo_5mbathy.zip Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1145/html/catalog.html Access_Instructions: Data may be retrieved via any WWW browser. Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD-ROM Recording_Capacity: Recording_Density: 4.75 Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes Recording_Format: UDF Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: This image is available as a GeoTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20211116 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Larry Poppe Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2314 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid. Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time Metadata_Access_Constraints: None Metadata_Use_Constraints: None