Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: E.R. Thieler Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Historic shoreline positions for Rincon, Puerto Rico 1936-2006 (shorelines.shp) Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2007-1017 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071017 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1017/data/shapefiles/shorelines.zip Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1017/htmldocs/data_catalog.html Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: E.R. Thieler Originator: R.W. Rodriguez Originator: E.A. Himmelstoss Publication_Date: 2007 Title: Historical Shoreline Changes at Rincon, Puerto Rico, 1936-2005 Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2007-1017 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071017 Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1017/ Description: Abstract: The 8 km of shoreline from Punta Higüero to Punta Cadena in Rincón, Puerto Rico is experiencing long-term coastal erosion. This study documents historical shoreline changes at Rincón for the period 1936-2005. Twelve historical shoreline positions were compiled from existing data, new orthophotography, and GPS field surveys. Shoreline vectors represent the high water line at the time of the survey. Purpose: The historic shorelines were compiled for use in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) ArcGIS extension. DSAS reports various rate of change statistics based on transect-shoreline intersections cast at 50 meter spacing alongshore from Punta Higuero to Punta Cadena. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19360208 Ending_Date: 20051206 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -67.271440 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -67.225821 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.364635 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.296929 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:31458583-f0e7-428d-bbc2-389830a4339e Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: historic shoreline Theme_Keyword: shoreline change rate Theme_Keyword: weighted linear regression rate Theme_Keyword: endpoint rate Theme_Keyword: baseline Theme_Keyword: beach erosion Theme_Keyword: beach nourishment Theme_Keyword: LIDAR Theme_Keyword: aerial photographs Theme_Keyword: GPS survey Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHSC Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Puerto Rico Place_Keyword: Rincon Place_Keyword: Punta Higuero Place_Keyword: Punta Cadena Place_Keyword: Antilles Place_Keyword: Carribbean Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) must be referenced as the originator of the dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) must be referenced as the originator of the dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: E.R. Thieler Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.780 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.R. Thieler Originator: R.W. Rodriguez Originator: M. Carlo Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Beach Erosion and Coastal Development at Rincon, Puerto Rico Series_Information: Series_Name: Shore and Beach Issue_Identification: v. 63, n. 4, pp. 18-28. Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Berkeley, CA Publisher: American Shore and Beach Preservation Association Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.R. Thieler Originator: M. Carlo Publication_Date: 1995 Title: Historical Shoreline Changes at Rincon, Puerto Rico Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 95-0072 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: There is significant agreement of linework between adjacent shorelines digitized from adjacent aerial photographs. No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on shoreline positions collected from GPS field surveys. Completeness_Report: The data set is complete inasmuch as it covers the extent of the study area along the coast of Rincon, Puerto Rico and there are no plans for further modification of the data. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Approximate horizontal accuracy is 3 meters or better. Quantitative_Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Assessment: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Value: 3 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Explanation: Stable reference features were used to create a ground control network for aerial photographs. Points were located in the field using a differential Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. The GPS field surveys also used differential GPS to mark shoreline positions. All shoreline positions therefore have a positioning accuracy of 3 meters. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step describes the methods used to digitize shoreline positions for the following years: 1963, 1971, 1974, 1977, 1987 and 1989. Seven sets of near-vertical, overlapping aerial photographs were used to obtain historical shoreline positions. The data included sets of photography from 1950 as well but was discarded after determining that the original input data were flawed. All have a nominal scale of 1:20,000, were flown during winter months, and except the 1987 set which used natural color film, were taken in black and white. A ground control network for the air photos was developed by identifying a number of common features on most or all of the photograph sets. Stable reference features such as buildings and road intersections were identified and their approximate locations marked on a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic map. The points were then precisely located in the field and a more specific, stable target (e.g., a building comer, sidewalk, etc.) identifiable on the photographs was surveyed using a differential Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. The points used in this study are accurate horizontally within 3 m and vertically to within about 6 m. Once the basic control network was established, a suite of pass points (common points appearing on two or more photos for which precise geographic information is unknown) was identified to provide further relative control for the photos within each time series. To provide a very "tight" control network and permit greater photogrammetric accuracy, the photo sets for each date included frames that were well inland from the shoreline. The air photos were digitized using a 12x lighted magnifying loupe to aid in identification of the fiducial reference marks around the photo border, ground control points, pass points, and the shoreline. The wet/dry line on the beach, the reference feature used in the field surveys described below, was used to delineate the shoreline in each photo. The wet/dry line is the most frequently used shoreline for digitizing because it is easily identified by the tonal difference between wet and dry sand. Where available, camera system calibration data were used to correct the photographs for film distortion and assess the magnitude of lens distortion. The National Ocean Service's General Integrated Analytical Triangulation (GIANT) aerotriangulation program was used to solve simultaneously for the camera position and angular orientation parameters for the air photos. GIANT was also used to remove atmospheric refraction effects from the aerotriangulation solution. Statistical output from GIANT indicated an accuracy of +4 m for the air photo-derived shoreline locations. The camera parameters for each photo were used to compute a single-ray intersection solution for the digitized shoreline points. A geographic coordinate system based on the WGS84 ellipsoid was used in shoreline position calculations for consistency with the GPS control point surveys and the field shoreline surveys. The output shoreline position data files for each photo were imported into separate overlays (one for each year of photography) in Maplnfo TM, a Macintosh®-based Geographic Information System (GIS), and joined to adjacent photo data to form a continuous shoreline. Process_Date: unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: E.R. Thieler Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step describes the methods used to digitize shoreline positions for the following years: 1936, 1983, and 1987. Aerial photographs were scanned into digital format (.tif) at 600 dpi. The 2004 True Color Orthoimages (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) were used as a reference for the creation of Ground Control Points (GCPs) to geometrically correct all aerial photographs. No RMS error greater than 0.03 was used. A Direct Linear Transform (DLT) model was utilized. All photographs were re-sampled to 1-meter pixel resolution using nearest neighbor re-sampling. Three image mosaics, one for each survey year, were created (1936, 1983 and 1987). Cutlines were manually created following general linear features. Areas of overlap were feathered by a distance of 10-meters. All images were histogram matched to decrease variability between images Process_Date: unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: E.R. Thieler Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: This process step describes the methods used to digitize shoreline positions for the following years: 1994, 2005 and 2006. Field surveys of wet/dry shoreline positions were conducted on 24 August 1994, 06 December 2005, and 05-06 December 2006. These surveys utilized a backpack-mounted GPS receiver logging positions at 5- second intervals as the backpacker walked along the wet/dry line. The wet/dry line is the most frequently used shoreline for digitizing because it is easily identified by the tonal difference between wet and dry sand. The data were differentially corrected in real-time in the field. Further post-processing yielded a positioning accuracy of 2-3 m. The GPS data were imported directly into the GIS for display with the shorelines obtained from the photographs. Process_Date: unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: E.R. Thieler Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The final shoreline file for each year was coded with 6 attribute fields (ID, Type, Date, Descr, Source, and Accuracy) required for the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS), which was used to calculate shoreline change rates. Process_Date: unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: E.R. Thieler Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The shapefile was projected to Geographic Coordinates. Process_Date: unknown Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Himmelstoss Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: The metadata was edited to remove errors as well as update some information. Edits include updating the citation section with the DOI link and a slight modification to the dataset title, added the USGS Thesaurus, added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword, replaced distribution liability with FSP statement. Other unrequired blank fields were deleted, duplicate entries within a field were deleted, required empty elements were fixed with “information unavailable from original metadata”. The metadata date (20070222), but not the contact (except email and contact instructions) was updated. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata available from the publication. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata available from the publication. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20210831 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 16 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: shorelines Entity_Type_Definition: information not available from original metadata Entity_Type_Definition_Source: information not available from original metadata Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: date_ Attribute_Definition: Year of survey Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 02/08/1936 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1936 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11/25/1950 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1950 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 02/21/1963 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1963 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 03/30/1971 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1971 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 10/03/1974 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1974 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 01/26/1977 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1977 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 03/15/1983 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1983 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 01/18/1987 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1987 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 04/13/1989 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1989 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 08/24/1994 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 1994 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 09/21/2004 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 2004 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Enumerated_Domain: Enumerated_Domain_Value: 12/06/2005 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Feature surveyed in 2005 Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: accuracy Attribute_Definition: information unavailable from original metadata Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: information not available from the original metadata Attribute: Attribute_Label: Shape_Leng Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in meters Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: information not available from the original metadata Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: E.R. Thieler Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2350 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: rthieler@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: SHP Format_Version_Number: information not available from original metadata Format_Specification: ESRI Polyline Shapefile Format_Information_Content: The DBF file contains the attribute data in dBASE format. The PRJ file contains the coordinate system information. The SBN and SBX files contain the spatial index of the geospatial data. The SHP file contains the geospatial data. The SHX file contains the index of the geospatial data. The XML file contains the metadata describing the data set. File_Decompression_Technique: zip archive Transfer_Size: 0.146 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1017/data/shapefiles/shorelines.zip Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1017/htmldocs/data_catalog.html Access_Instructions: Data are downloadable via the World Wide Web (WWW). Offline_Option: Offline_Media: DVD-ROM Recording_Capacity: Recording_Density: 4.75 Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes Recording_Format: UDF Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is availab efrom ESRI at www.esri.com. Available_Time_Period: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19360208 Ending_Date: 20051206 Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20210901 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Himmelstoss Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS. Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time