Locations of bottom photographs collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull (DH_BottomPhotos shapefile, Geographic, WGS84)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Locations of bottom photographs collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull (DH_BottomPhotos shapefile, Geographic, WGS84)
Abstract:
These data were collected under a cooperative agreement with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Science Center (WHSC). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of sea-floor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes due to natural or human impacts. The project is focused on the inshore waters (5-30 m deep) of Massachusetts between the New Hampshire border and Cape Cod Bay. Data collected for the mapping cooperative have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/html/current_map.html). This spatial dataset is from the study area located between Duxbury and Hull Massachusetts, and consists of high-resolution geophysics (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and ground validation (sediment samples, video tracklines and bottom photographs). The data were collected during four separate surveys conducted between 2003 and 2007 (NOAA survey H10993 in 2003, USGS-WHSC survey 06012 in 2006, and USGS-WHSC surveys 07001 and 07003 in 2007) and cover more than 200 square kilometers of the inner continental shelf.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2010, Locations of bottom photographs collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull (DH_BottomPhotos shapefile, Geographic, WGS84): Open-File Report 2009-1072, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Barnhardt, Walter A., Ackerman, Seth D., Andrews, Brian D., and Baldwin, Wayne E., 2010, Geophysical and Sampling Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Duxbury to Hull, Massachusetts.: Open-File Report 2009-1072, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.815622
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.598329
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.329661
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.088155
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1072/GIS/browse_jpg/big/DH_BottomPhotos.jpg (JPEG)
    Thumbnail image of bottom photo locations
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 08-Sep-2007
    Ending_Date: 10-Sep-2007
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity point (656)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    DH_BottomPhotos
    Bottom Photographs (Source: USGS)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: ESRI) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: ESRI) Coordinates defining the features.
    PICNAME
    Name of the JPEG photograph (format is downloadnumber_seqphotonumber.jpg) where the download number portion of the name reflects during which download session (DL1-DL4) the images were copied from the camera's CompactFlash card. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 30
    TIME
    Time of photograph in UTC (hh:mm:ss) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 8
    LAT
    Latitude coordinate of photograph (in decimal degrees, WGS84) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:42.088155
    Maximum:42.329661
    LON
    Longitude coordinate of photograph (in decimal degrees, WGS84) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-70.815622
    Maximum:-70.598329
    JULDAY
    Julian day photograph was acquired based on UTC time. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:251
    Maximum:253
    YEAR
    Calendar year data were collected (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 4
    hotlink
    This indicates the location of the actual JPEG photograph relative to this shapefile (DH_BottomPhotos.shp) so that the "hotlink" feature can be easily used within an ESRI ArcMap project (see Appendex 1 of this report USGS OFR 2009-1072 for information about setting the "hotlink" feature to work in ArcMap 9.3). (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 254
    LINENAME
    This indicates the SEABOSS station number or SEABOSS trackline along which digital still photos and continuous bottom video were acquired. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 10
    SURVEYID
    WHSC field activity number (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 10
    DEVICEID
    Device used to collect photographs data (e.g. SEABOSS, mini-SEABOSS, drop camera) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 15
    VEHICLEID
    Survey vessel name (Source: U.S. Geological Survey) Character string of width 25

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This data set includes the locations of 656 bottom photographs acquired with the large SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS) during USGS survey 07003, conducted September 7-11, 2007 aboard the R/V Connecticut offshore Massachusetts in the Duxbury to Hull survey area. This data set was collected to ground-truth (verify) the acoustic data sets that were acquired during NOAA hydrographic survey H10993 (2003) and USGS geophysical surveys 06012 (2006) and 07001 (2007). Bottom video were also taken at each station occupied by the SEABOSS (see shapefile DH_SeaBossTracklines.shp)

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: Sep-2007 (process 1 of 11)
    One hundred eighty-four target stations were occupied aboard the R/V Connecticut (USGS survey 07003) with the large SEABOSS (Blackwood and Parolski, 2001) that was equipped with a Van Veen grab sampler, a digital still camera, and a video camera. Seventy-seven of those sites are within the Duxbury to Hull survey area. The digital photographs were downloaded from the camera and backed-up to a laptop and hard-drive four times during the sampling survey. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologists
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • JPEG photographs
    Date: Jan-2009 (process 2 of 11)
    DGPS navigation was logged through a Microsoft HyperTerminal (version 5.1) session on a Dell Latitude D820 laptop computer running Windows XP, SP2. Log files were saved for each sampling watch then reformatted into log files by Julian Day (e.g. nav_sda.251) during post-processing. The AWK script HT_doGPGGA.awk was modified accordingly for each Julian Day and run on each Julian Day file creating a comma separated value (CSV) ASCII text file to parse for the GPGGA navigation string and reformatted the file for input to the Python ground-truth toolset. The individual Julian Day navigation files were concatenated into a single navigation file for the entire sampling survey (07003_allnav_gpgga_formatted.csv). > cat gpgga_out* > 07003_allnav_gpgga_formatted.csv Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • HyperTerminal generated navigation files (090807_day_watch.txt, 090907_night_watch.txt, etc.)
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • GPGGA parsed navigation files (gpgga_out.25[0-4])
    • GPGGA parsed navigation file (07003_allnav_gpgga_formatted.csv)
    Date: 04-Feb-2009 (process 3 of 11)
    Extracted time from the "Date Picture Taken" in the Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) format header of the quality JPEG bottom photographs using ArcGIS 9.3 ArcToolbox tool "GeoTools JPG Header Tool - SDA Feb05" (which uses the Python (v2.5) script "sda_vexiftool_mod12.py (v.Jan18.2007)). Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • JPEG photographs
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • Photo_headers_Feb4.csv
    Date: 04-Feb-2009 (process 4 of 11)
    Manual adjustment were done to account for a number of time offsets between the time recorded in the JPEG EXIF time "Date Picture Taken" and the GPS time as verified by the SEABOSS video. Camera time for the first Gregorian Day (Sept 7) of surveying was approximately 1 hour off. This was corrected for subsequent survey days however the camera time varied from 5 to twenty-seven seconds from the GPS during other parts of the survey. On the last day of surveying the month was incorrectly set on the camera. Microsoft Excel was used to manually make these time adjustments. The following is a list of offsets (not including the 1 month shift for photos taken in "Download 4": > Download 1, 306 photos @ 4:00 UTC JD251 after sta33 (EOGD 9/7), average offset = photos ahead by 59 min 10 sec (adjust -3550 seconds), original photo directory 090707 > Download 2, 316 photos @ 23:50 UTC JD251 after sta91 (EOJD 251), average offset = photo ahead by 11 sec, original photo directory 090807 > Download 3, 372 photos @ 4:00 UTC JD253 after sta131 (EOGD 9/9), average offset = 8 sec for JD252 and 5sec for JD253, original photo directories 090907 and 091007a > Download 4, 344 photos @ 8:30 UTC JD254 after sta175 (EO SEABOSS ops), average offset = photos ahead by 24 sec, original photo directories 091007b and 091107 Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • Photo_headers_Feb4.csv
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • jpg_headers_all_do_timeshift.csv
    Date: 04-Feb-2009 (process 5 of 11)
    Create ESRI shapefile joining the bottom photo name with the navigation based on matching date and time fields using ArcGIS 9.3 ArcToolbox tool "GeoTools Hotlink Tool - SDA Feb05" (which uses the Python (v2.5) script "sda_hotlink_5.py (v.Oct10.2007)). Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • 07003_allnav_gpgga_formatted.csv
    • Photo_headers_Feb4_fix_timediff.csv
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • 07003_BP_Feb4.shp
    Date: 04-Feb-2009 (process 6 of 11)
    ArcCatalog 9.3 was used to define the projection of the ESRI shapefile as Geographic (Decimal_Degrees_WGS84.prj) and to create the .prj file. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • 07003_BP_Feb4.shp
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • 07003_BP_Feb4.prj
    Date: 03-Jul-2009 (process 7 of 11)
    In ESRI ArcMap (version 9.3), a spatial join was done to "merge" the attributes of the bottom photograph locations shapefile (07003_BP_Feb4.shp) with the SEABOSS tracklines shapefile (DH_SeabossTrackline.shp). The 656 photos from within the Duxbury to Hull survey area were selected and XTools Pro (version 5.3.0) for ArcGIS desktop was used to reorganize, delete unnecessary fields and add new fields to the point shapefile's attribute table (Table Operations - Table Restructure). Table attributes for the survey ID ("SURVEYID'), device used to collect the data ('DEVICEID'), survey vessel name ('VEHICLEID'), and year ('YEAR') were added and/or populated using the table editor in ArcMap (version 9.3). The attributes for time ('TIME'), photo name ('PICNAME'), latitude ('LAT'), longitude ('LON'), hotlink location ('HOTLINK') and SEABOSS station number ('LINENAME') were already populated. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • 07003_BP_Feb4.shp
    • DH_SeabossTrackline.shp
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • DH_BottomPhotos.shp
    Date: 10-Nov-2015 (process 8 of 11)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.30 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 9 of 11)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 10 of 11)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 11 of 11)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Blackwood, D., and Parolski, K., 2001, Seabed observation and sampling system: Sea Technology v. 42, no. 2, p. 39-43.

    Barnhardt, Walter A., Andrews, Brian D., and Butman, Bradford, 2006, High-Resolution Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Nahant to Gloucester, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2005-1293, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Ackerman, Seth D., Butman, Bradford, Barnhardt, Walter A., Danforth, William W., and Crocker, James M., 2006, High-Resolution Geologic Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Boston Harbor and Approaches, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2006-1008, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Barnhardt, Walter A., Andrews, Brian D., Ackerman, Seth D., Baldwin, Wayne E., and Hein, Christopher J., 2009, High-Resolution Geological Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Cape Ann to Salisbury Beach, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2007-1373, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Navigation for survey 07003 used Differential Global Positioning System (GPS). The recorded position of each bottom photograph is actually the position of the GPS antenna on the survey vessel, not the SEABOSS sampler. The SEABOSS was deployed approximately 5 meters astern of the GPS antenna off the ship's J-frame on the starboard side. No layback or offset was applied to the recorded position. In addition to the ±5 meter offset the SEABOSS may drift additionally away from the survey vessel when deployed to the seafloor. Based on the various sources for horizontal offsets, a conservative estimate the horizontal accuracy of the bottom photograph locations is 20-30 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Only the subset of bottom photograph locations occupied during the R/V Connecticut survey 07003 within the Duxbury to Hull survey area have been included in this spatial dataset. Seventy-seven stations were occupied within the study area between Duxbury and Hull. A total of 184 sampling sites were occupied during survey 07003. The bottom photograph locations that are not included in this report are from sites south of Brant Rock, Massachusetts and will be published in a subsequent data release focused on Cape Cod Bay. Any bottom photographs taken in water column or were otherwise not usable were deleted.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Gaps in sequential photo numbers exist. If camera was triggered accidentally on deck or picture did not come out, it was deleted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data are available as a shapefile in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) format. To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of viewing ESRI shapefiles. The shapefile is also distributed in compressed format as one WinZip (ver. 9.0) file. To utilize these data, the user must be able to uncompress the WinZip file.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 18-Mar-2024
Metadata author:
Seth Ackerman
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA
USA

508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318)
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2009-1072/DH_BottomPhotos.shp.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Mon Mar 25 16:05:28 2024