Survey lines along which Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull (DH_KleinTrackline shapefile, Geographic, WGS84)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Survey lines along which Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull (DH_KleinTrackline shapefile, Geographic, WGS84)
Abstract:
These data were collected under a cooperative agreement with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Science Center (WHSC). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of sea-floor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes due to natural or human impacts. The project is focused on the inshore waters (5-30 m deep) of Massachusetts between the New Hampshire border and Cape Cod Bay. Data collected for the mapping cooperative have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/html/current_map.html). This spatial dataset is from the study area located between Duxbury and Hull Massachusetts, and consists of high-resolution geophysics (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and ground validation (sediment samples, video tracklines and bottom photographs). The data were collected during four separate surveys conducted between 2003 and 2007 (NOAA survey H10993 in 2003, USGS-WHSC survey 06012 in 2006, and USGS-WHSC surveys 07001 and 07003 in 2007) and cover more than 200 square kilometers of the inner continental shelf.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2010, Survey lines along which Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull (DH_KleinTrackline shapefile, Geographic, WGS84): Open-File Report 2009-1072, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Barnhardt, Walter A., Ackerman, Seth D., Andrews, Brian D., and Baldwin, Wayne E., 2010, Geophysical and Sampling Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Duxbury to Hull, Massachusetts.: Open-File Report 2009-1072, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.828247
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.597076
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.340038
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.080483
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1072/GIS/browse_jpg/big/DH_KleinTrackline.jpg (JPEG)
    Klein 3000 trackline navigation offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 04-Aug-2006
    Ending_Date: 02-May-2007
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition of two separate time periods - 20060804 to 20060820 and 20070422 to 20070502
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • String (509)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    DH_KleinTrackline
    Trackline for sidescan sonar system (Source: USGS)
    FID
    Internal feature number (Source: ESRI) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: ESRI) Coordinates defining the features
    FILENAME
    Name of sidescan-sonar data file in format "lLLfN_YYMMDDHHMMSS" where LL=line number; N=file number (usual 1 but may increment if there is a manual restart of the survey line); YY=year; MM=month; DD=day; HH=hour; MM=minute; SS=seconds (date/time based on UTC time). Note that the underscore is sometimes omitted during acquisition and is therefore missing in the filename. (Source: USGS) Character string of width 30
    YEAR
    Calendar year data were collected (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2003
    Maximum:2007
    JULDAY
    Julian day data were collected (Source: USGS) Character string of width 4
    LENGTH
    Length of sidescan-sonar trackline in kilometers (UTM Zone 19N, WGS84) (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.055835
    Maximum:14.287279
    SURVEYID
    WHSC field activity number or NOAA hydrographic survey number (Source: USGS) Character string of width 10
    DEVICEID
    Sonar device used to collect bathymetric data (Source: USGS) Character string of width 25
    VEHICLEID
    Survey vessel name (Source: USGS) Character string of width 25

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This dataset contains trackline navigation for approximately 1930 km of Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey during two Woods Hole Science Center cruises (06012 and 07001) offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    none (source 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, unpublished material, Information unavailable from original metadata..

    Other_Citation_Details:
    The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard.
    Type_of_Source_Media: Information unavailable from original metadata.
    Source_Contribution:
    Trackline acquisition for sidescan-sonar data for USGS surveys 06012 and 07001: Sidescan sonar data were collected with a Klein 3000 dual frequency (132/445 kHz) sidescan sonar towfish on the R/V Megan T. Miller (06012) and the R/V Rafael (07001). During survey 06012 the sonar was towed from the stern A-frame of the R/V Megan T. Miller; a cable counter measured the towfish layback and automatically adjusted the layback parameter in the acquisition software (SonarPro version 9.6). During survey 07001, the sonar was towed from the port side aft on the R/V Rafael; layback was fixed and SonarPro version 10.0 was used on the acquisition computer. Tracklines are generally spaced 100m apart (200m in the northern area where the USGS data overlaps with NOAA multibeam echo-sounder data). Data were acquired roughly parallel to the shoreline at an average speed of 5 knots.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2009 (process 1 of 7)
    Navigation was extracted at a 1 minute interval from the raw sidescan sonar data (XTF format) in XSonar (version: 1.1) using the 'demultiplex' function (Danforth and others, 1991). Spurious fixes were removed or corrected when possible. The XSonar generated navigation was reformatted and concatenated for each survey (using shell scripts convertXsonarNav (version 1.2sa) and Xsonar2ArcNav (version 1.2sa)) into comma-separated value (CSV) text files for input into ArcGIS (version 9.3). Survey ID (06012 or 07001) were appended to each record in the CSV files. The CSV files were combined into a single CSV file prior to import into ArcGIS. [output files: 06012_SonarnavLines.csv and 07001_SonarnavLines.csv > SouthShore_k3k_nav_all.csv] Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700x2315 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Date: 2009 (process 2 of 7)
    In ArcCatalog (version 9.3), navigation text was converted to a point feature class by right-clicking on the comma separated text file -- Create Feature Class -- from XY table using the defined projection Geographic (Decimal_Degrees_WGS84.prj). {outputfile: XYSouthShore_k3k_navpts.shp] Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Date: 2009 (process 3 of 7)
    VAC Extras tool (version: 2.04 FeatConv - Points to Line v2; USGS in-house software) was then used within ArcMap (version 9.3) to convert the navigation points to a trackline shapefile. The trackline shapefile was checked to ensure there were no spurious navigation fixes . XTools Pro (version 5.3.0) for ArcGIS desktop was used (Table Operations - Table Restructure) to reorganize and add fields to the polyline shapefile's attribute table. Table attributes for the survey ID ("SURVEYID') and Julian day ('JULDAY') of data collection, were already populated. Fields for device used to collect the data ('DEVICEID'), survey vessel name ('VEHICLEID'), and year ('YEAR') were added and populated using the table editor in ArcMap (version 9.3). The length field ('LENGTH') was populated using 'Calculate Geometry' (Property=Length; Use coordinate system of the data frame=WGS 1984 UTM Zone 19N; Unit=Kilometers), which can be accessed by right-clicking on the attribute field name in the table view. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    (508) 548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Date: 10-Nov-2015 (process 4 of 7)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.30 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. The format of the time period of content had to be fixed. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 5 of 7)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 6 of 7)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 7 of 7)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Danforth, W.W., O'Brien, T.F., and Schwab, W.C., 1991, USGS image processing system: near real-time mosaicking of high-resolution sidescan-sonar data: Sea Technology Jan. 1991, Sea Technology, Arlington, VA.

    Danforth, William W., 1997, XSonar/ShowImage: A complete system for rapid sidescan-sonar processing and display.: Open-File Report 97-686, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Paskevich, V.F., 1992, Digital mapping of sidescan sonar data with the Woods Hole Image Processing System software: Open-File Report 92-536, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Paskevich, Valerie, 1996, MAPIT: An improved method for mapping digital sidescan sonar data using the Woods Hole Image Processing System (WHIPS) Software: Open-File Report 96-281, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Barnhardt, Walter A., Andrews, Brian D., and Butman, Bradford, 2006, High-Resolution Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Nahant to Gloucester, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2005-1293, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Ackerman, Seth D., Butman, Bradford, Barnhardt, Walter A., Danforth, William W., and Crocker, James M., 2006, High-Resolution Geologic Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Boston Harbor and Approaches, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2006-1008, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Barnhardt, Walter A., Andrews, Brian D., Ackerman, Seth D., Baldwin, Wayne E., and Hein, Christopher J., 2009, High-Resolution Geological Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Cape Ann to Salisbury Beach, Massachusetts: Open-File Report 2007-1373, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    All attributes were checked in a consistent manner.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Field activity 06012: The Klein 3000 was towed from the stern A-frame of the R/V Megan T. Miller. Position data were provided by the Z-Surveyor Extreme for real-time kinematic (RTK) navigation and recorded to the raw data files (XTF) via SonarPro (version 9.6) on the sonar acquisition computer. During some portions of the survey, technical difficulties caused the GPS systems to malfunction; in some instances the acquisition systems fell back on the RTK Float or the autonomous GPS navigation; but in some cases surveying was halted until a reliable GPS signal could be achieved. Layback positions, which account for the linear distance between the shipboard RTK-GPS receiver and the towed sonar vehicle were measured by a cable counter on the winch that was used to deploy the sidescan-sonar towfish. Layback offsets were directly applied into the acquisition software so the navigation recorded in the XTF data reflect the position including the layback offset. A conservative estimate of positional accuracy is estimated to be ± 10 m although when the system was recording RTK navigation the positional accuracy is likely <1 m as RTK-GPS provides horizontal positional accuracies on the decimeter scale. Positional uncertainty arises because the layback calculations do not account for fish motion behind the vessel, which is caused by sea state and vessel speed induced changes in the angle and scope of the tow cable. Field activity 07001: The Klein 3000 was towed from the port side aft on the R/V Rafael at a fixed distance that was accounted for during acquisition. Position data were provided by the Ashtech Extreme for real-time kinematic (RTK) navigation and recorded to the raw data files (XTF) via SonarPro (version 10.0) on the sonar acquisition computer. A conservative estimate of positional accuracy is estimated to be ± 10 m although when the system was recording RTK navigation the positional accuracy is likely <1 m as RTK-GPS provides horizontal positional accuracies on the decimeter scale.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Only the subset of sidescan-sonar trackline navigation data collected during field activities 06012 and 07001 that are within the study area between Duxbury and Hull have been included in this spatial dataset. Trackline navigation for approximately 945 km of additional sidescan-sonar data collected south of Brant Rock, Massachusetts during these field activities will be published in a subsequent data release focused on Cape Cod Bay. This shapefile includes trackline navigation from all the sidescan sonar data that was collected within the survey area; however only quality sonar data along the main survey lines were included in the sidescan sonar mosaic included on this report (DH_USGS_backscatter1m.tif). Sonar data from the tielines were not mosaicked.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Any spurious data points were removed during processing. Because this dataset is made up of data from multiple surveys, duplicate names may exist for the FILENAME field; however, this is very unlikely based on the file-naming scheme of "lLLfN_YYMMDDHHMMSS" where LL=line number; N=file number; YY=year; MM=month; DD=day; HH=hour; MM=minute; SS=seconds (date/time based on UTC time). Note that the underscore is sometimes omitted during acquisition and is therefore missing in the filename.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: Trackline navigation for Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey offshore of Massachusetts between Duxbury and Hull in format SHP (version ArcGIS 9.3) ESRI polyline shapefile Size: 0.2
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1072/GIS/shapefile/DH_KleinTrackline.zip
      Media you can order: DVD-ROM (Density 4.75 Gbytes) (format UDF)
    • Cost to order the data: none

  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) point shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 18-Mar-2024
Metadata author:
Seth Ackerman
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole, MA
USA

508-548-8700 x2315 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318)
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2009-1072/DH_KleinTrackline.shp.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Mon Mar 25 16:05:28 2024