U.S. Geological Survey
2010
5 meter ArcRaster grid (gaps filled) of bathymetry acquired using a SEA Ltd. SWATHplus interferometric sonar offshore of Massachusetts within northern Cape Cod Bay (CCB_BATH_F Esri BINARY GRID, UTM Zone 19N).
1.0
raster digital data
Open-File Report
2010-1006
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101006
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/GIS/raster/bathymetry/ccb_bath_f.zip
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/html/appendix1.html
Brian D. Andrews
Seth D. Ackerman
Wayne E. Baldwin
Walter A. Barnhardt
2010
Geophysical and Sampling Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Northern Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts.
1.0
Open-File Report
2010-1006
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/
These data were collected under a cooperative agreement with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management (CZM) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC). Initiated in 2003, the primary objective of this program is to develop regional geologic framework information for the management of coastal and marine resources. Accurate data and maps of sea-floor geology are important first steps toward protecting fish habitat, delineating marine resources, and assessing environmental changes due to natural or human impacts. The project is focused on the inshore waters of coastal Massachusetts, primarily in water depths of 3-30 meters deep. Data collected for the mapping cooperative have been released in a series of USGS Open-File Reports (http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/coastal_mass/html/current_map.html). The data collected in the study area located in Northern Cape Cod Bay Massachusetts includes high-resolution geophysics (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection), and ground validation (sediment samples, video tracklines, and bottom photographs). The data were collected during five separate surveys conducted between 2006 and 2008 and cover 480 square kilometers of the inner continental shelf.
More information about the individual USGS surveys conducted as part of the northern Cape Cod Bay project can be found on the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Field Activity webpage:
06012: http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2006/06012/
07001: http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2007/07001/
07002: http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2007/07002/
07003: http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2007/07003/
08002: http://quashnet.er.usgs.gov/data/2008/08002/
The purpose of this ArcRaster grid is to publish a merged bathymetry grid minimizing data gaps. This grid includes data from the four surveys (06012, 07001, 07002, 08002) where bathymetry was collected by the USGS in the Cape Cod Bay survey area at 5 meter resolution for regional analysis.
20060816
20080507
ground condition of four separate date ranges - 20060816 to 20060823; 20070429 to 20070503; 20070725 to 20070807; 20080429 to 20080507
None planned
-70.644046
-70.154440
42.094617
41.930583
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:f749142e-3aa2-4448-a92c-a5ec6cc0d5c9
None
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
Coastal and Marine Geology Program
CMGP
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
WHCMSC
Bathymetry
Seafloor
Marine Geology
Swath Bathymetry
Interferometric Sonar
SWATHplus
ArcGIS Raster
field activity serial number 06012
field activity serial number 07001
field activity serial number 07002
field activity serial number 08002
field activity number 2006-012-FA
field activity number 2007-001-FA
field activity number 2007-002-FA
field activity number 2008-002-FA
R/V Rafael
R/V Megan T. Miller
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
geoscientificInformation
location
USGS Thesaurus
bathymetry
sea-floor characteristics
interferometric sonar
marine geophysics
geospatial datasets
None
North America
United States
Atlantic Ocean
Gulf of Maine
Cape Cod Bay
Massachusetts Bay
Duxbury
Provincetown
None
Seafloor
sea floor
None
2006
2007
2008
None
These data are not for navigational use. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/GIS/browse_jpg/CCB_bath_f.jpg
black and white thumbnail image of bathymetry collected in the Cape Cod Bay Massachusetts survey area.
JPEG
Microsoft Windows 2000 Version 5.2 (Build 3790) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850
Walter A. Barnhardt
Brian D. Andrews
Bradford Butman
2006
High-Resolution Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Nahant to Gloucester, Massachusetts
Open-File Report
2005-1293
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1293/
Seth D. Ackerman
Bradford Butman
Walter A. Barnhardt
William W. Danforth
James M. Crocker
2006
High-Resolution Geologic Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Boston Harbor and Approaches, Massachusetts
Open-File Report
2006-1008
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1008/
Walter A. Barnhardt
Brian D. Andrews
Seth D. Ackerman
Wayne E. Baldwin
Christopher J. Hein
2009
High-Resolution Geological Mapping of the Inner Continental Shelf: Cape Ann to Salisbury Beach, Massachusetts
Open-File Report
2007-1373
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2007/1373/
Walter A. Barnhardt
Seth D. Ackerman
Brian D. Andrews
Wayne E. Baldwin
2010
Geophysical and Sampling Data from the Inner Continental Shelf: Duxbury to Hull, Massachusetts
Open-File Report
2009-1072
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1072/
Portions of this grid were interpolated to fill gaps that occurred between adjacent bathymetric survey lines. The grid "ccb_bath_5m" published in this report displays the depth data with gaps before interpolation.
This grid does not include all bathymetric data collected in the northern Cape Cod Bay survey area. Data collected along transit lines, east-west seismic tie lines and other lines of poor quality were excluded from this grid. The "Mosaic" attribute in the CCB_BathTracklines shapefile published in this report identifies the 524 lines that were included, and the 60 lines that were not included, in this grid.
Field activity 06012: The SWATHplus transducers were mounted on a rigid pole, approximately 2.6 m below the water line, along the starboard side of the R/V Megan T. Miller. Position data were provided by an Ashtech Z-Surveyor Extreme for real-time kinematic (RTK) navigation (an Ashtech BR2G Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) was used as a backup navigation system) and recorded to the raw data files (SXR) via Swath Processor (version 2.07) acquisition software. During some portions of the survey, technical difficulties caused the GPS systems to malfunction and lose the "fixed" RTK signal. When this occurred, the navigation system defaulted to a "float" RTK, and then to a GPS (stand alone) signal, after which the navigation signal was lost completely. Surveying was halted until a reliable GPS signal was restored. A conservative estimate of positional accuracy is +/- 2 meters, but when the navigation system was providing the "fixed" RTK signal, positional accuracy is <1 m.
Field activities 07001, 07002, and 08002: The SWATHplus transducers were mounted on a rigid pole from the bow of the R/V Rafael, approximately 0.5 m below the water line during surveys 07001 and 08001, and 2.6 m below the water line on the starboard side for survey 07002. Position data were recorded by Hypack software to Hypack raw files using an Ashtech Z-Surveyor Extreme for real-time kinematic (RTK) navigation, and an Ashtech BR2G for Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) navigation. DGPS navigation from the primary F180 antenna was recorded to the raw sonar data files (SXR) via SWATHplus acquisition software. A conservative estimate of positional accuracy is +/- 2 meters.
Based on SWATHplus interferometric sonar system specifications, vertical accuracy of the raw data may approximate 1% of water depth, which translates to 0.1 0.6 meters within the northern Cape Cod Bay survey area. RTK-GPS was used to establish water-level heights relative to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), providing decimeter-scale accuracies. Tide-correction was done in post-processing (see process steps). Refraction artifacts were minimized by acquiring a range of sound velocity profiles throughout the survey area to model the sound velocity structure of the water column. Changes in vessel draft due to fuel and water usage were not considered.
Information unavailable from original metadata. Assumed to be USGS.
unknown
Information unavailable from original metadata.
This file had a source contribution, but no other source information. This information had to be modified to meet the standard.
Information unavailable from original metadata.
20060816
20080507
Information unavailable from original metadata, but assumed to be the same as the time period of content. Ground condition of four separate date ranges - 20060816 to 20060823; 20070429 to 20070503; 20070725 to 20070807; 20080429 to 20080507.
Information unavailable from original metadata.
Sonar Configuration: Bathymetry data were acquired using a Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. (SEA) SWATHplus interferometric sonar operating at 234 kHz (06012, 07001, 08002) or 117 kHz (07002). Survey lines were run at an average speed of 5 knots and were spaced 75-200 m apart to obtain overlapping swaths of data and full coverage of the seafloor. During USGS field activities 06012 and 07002, the SWATHplus transducers were mounted on a rigid pole on the starboard side of the R/V Megan Miller, about 2.6 m below the waterline.
During 06012, a TSS DMS 2-05 motion reference unit was mounted directly above the sonar transducers and continuously recorded and sent vertical displacement (heave) and attitude (pitch and roll) of the vessel during acquisition to the SWATHplus software. During 06012 vessel heading was determined by a KVH compass that was corrected for magnetic variation of +15.583 degrees (from NOAA Chart number13246 36th ed., Mar. 10/01) during post processing. During 07002, a Coda Octopus F180 inertial-motion unit, mounted directly above the transducers, measured true heading, vertical displacement (heave) and attitude (pitch and roll) of the vessel during acquisition.
Field activities 07001 and 08002: the SWATHplus transducers were mounted on a rigid pole on the bow of the R/V Rafael, about 0.5 m below the waterline. A Coda Octopus F180 inertial-motion unit, mounted directly above the transducers, measured true heading, vertical displacement (heave) and attitude (pitch and roll) of the vessel during acquisition.
Navigation:
Field activity 06012: Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS navigation was used to determine the horizontal and vertical position (xyz) of the GPS antenna mounted directly above the SWATHplus transducers with sub-meter accuracy. The RTK-corrected coordinates were transmitted to the ship from a land-based RTK-GPS station established by the USGS at NOAA Tidal Station #8446009 in Brant Rock Harbor, MA.
Field activities 07001, 07002, and 08002: Differential GPS (DGPS) navigation was used to determine the horizontal position (x,y) of the GPS antenna mounted directly above and forward (F180R primary antenna, 0.5 meters) of the SWATHplus transducers with +/- 1-2 meter accuracy. RTK-GPS was used to determine the vertical position of the Ashtech GPS antenna (z) with sub-meter accuracy.
Vertical coordinates for all four surveys were referenced to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) using the offset between the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88) and MLLW published for the tidal benchmark. Horizontal (x and y) and vertical (z) offsets between the transducers, motion sensor, and GPS antenna were precisely measured and recorded within the SWATHplus acquisition software (SEA Swath Processor (2005)), which established the motion sensor as the common reference point during data acquisition.
Speed of Sound:
Sound-velocity profiles were collected approximately every 2 hours by a hand-casted Applied MicroSystems SV Plus sound velocimeter. The depth of the transducers below the sea surface was measured and recorded within the SWATHplus acquisition software, and used as a reference point for deriving the acoustic ray path based on sound velocity profiles.
Tides: During post-processing, soundings were referenced to local MLLW by using orthometric to chart datum offsets obtained from NOAA Tidal Station #8446009 at Brant Rock Harbor, Massachusetts. Data were processed and gridded by using the SEA SWATHplus Swath Processor (version 10.0) CARIS Hydrographic Information Processing System (HIPS version 6.1).
Step 1:
Process GPS Tides Data all four surveys:
Depths were corrected to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) using 1 second RTK-GPS heights of the GPS receiver mounted over the SWATHplus sonar head. These heights were extracted from each HYPACK navigation file using the AWK script "doRTK1_by_line_FIX" and smoothed in MATLAB (version 7.20.232 R2006a) using a third order polynomial. The smoothed 1 second heights were averaged to 1 minute heights and formatted for input to Swath Processor using the AWK script "DoRTK2". The resulting ASCII text file was then formatted to the Swath Processor format of HH:MM DD/MM/YYYY TTTTT.TTT and imported to tide table in the SEA Swath Processor session file (sxs). During the next step the tide data is merged into the bathymetric soundings data during the conversion of SWATHplus raw (sxr) files to SWATHplus processed (sxp) files. Processing occurred in 2006, 2007, and 2008.
2008
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 2: Raw to Processed Conversion all four surveys:
Each raw SWATHplus bathymetric sonar file (sxr) was converted to a SWATHplus processed file (sxp) using SEA SWATHplus Swath Processor (ver. 3.5-3.6 depending on the year). During the conversion process, sound velocity profiles were used to minimize potential refraction artifacts from fluctuations in the speed of sound within the water column. Various bathymetric filters were applied to eliminate sounding outliers. During this conversion process the tidal information from the previous process step was merged into the new processed file (sxp). The filters in Swath Processor reduced the appearance of an artifact observed in the port side of the bathymetric data from survey 06012; probably the result of a multi-pathing sound wave off the hull of the survey vessel. Although minimized, this striped artifact may still be visible in the final bathymetry grid, especially in areas of little local relief. Processing occurred in 2006, 2007, and 2008.
2008
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 3:SwathPlus to CARIS Conversion: A new CARIS HIPS project (ver. 6.1) was created for each of the four surveys with projection information set to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 19, WGS84. Each SWATHplus processed file (sxp) was imported to the new CARIS project using the Import/Conversion Wizard. A 5 meter resolution Bathymetric and Statistical Error (BASE) Surface was created from the files for each Julian day. The BASE surface for each day was reviewed for any inconsistencies or data anomalies. Navigation was edited as needed using the navigation editor tool in CARIS. Filters were applied to each line including beam to beam slopes and across track angle. The CARIS refraction editor was used to adjust the speed of sound in some cases to flatten out the depth profiles produced by localized variations in speed of sound through the water column. Small refraction artifacts remain in the flat areas of the southwest corner of the survey area from survey 07002. Processing occurred in 2006, 2007, and 2008.
2008
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 4:Combine HDCS files for all four CARIS projects:
Once the bathymetric data for all four separate surveys were edited, tide corrected, and finalized, they were combined into a single CARIS HIPS project that covered the entire Cape Cod Bay survey area. The final BASE surfaces for each of the four surveys were combined into one 5 meter resolution BASE surface for the entire area.
06012_South5m.hns, 07001_5m.hns, 07002_5m.hns, 08002_5m.hns
200911
CCB_BathAll_5m.hns
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 5: CARIS to ArcInfo Conversion:
The final 5 meter resolution CARIS BASE surface was imported to IVS 3D Data Magician (DMagic ver 6.1) using the "import gridded data" function and converted to an interim IVS DTM and geo file. The DTM file was then exported to an ASCII Raster using the function "export gridded data" using the ArcInfo no data format of -9999. The ASCII raster file (ccb_all5m.asc) was then imported to ArcGIS (ver. 9.3) as a 32-bit floating point ArcRaster grid.(ccb_bath_5m). The projection information was defined as UTM Zone 19, WGS_84 for the final grid using ArcToolbox "Define Projection" tool (ver. 9.3).
200912
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 6:Create separate CARIS BASE surfaces for each survey.
Separate 5-m BASE surfaces for each of the four surveys were created in CARIS ver 6.1. These individual surfaces were created to reduce the size of point files used in the next processing step.
200912
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 7:Create continuous grid with no data gaps.
Filled in small gaps between/along adjacent survey lines using several steps that are described below as one group. All geoprocessing described below used ArcToolbox (ver 9.3) within ArcGIS (ver. 9.3).
1) Convert 5-m ArcRaster grid of each of the four survey into four point feature classes using the "Raster to point" tool with the "value" option.
2) Create new blank TIN (CCB_TINAll) using "Create TIN" Tool.
3) Using the "Edit TIN" tool, each of the four point feature classes of depth were added to the new blank TIN using the parameters:
Input TIN: CCB_TinAll
Input Feature Class: BathPts06012, BathPts07001, BathPts08002, BathPts07002
height_field: grid_code
tag_field: none
SF_type: masspoints
use_z: false
4) Create a polygon feature class to use as a soft clip boundary to the TIN. Added feature class to TIN using "Edit TIN" tool with parameters:
Input TIN: CCB_TinAll
Input Feature Class: CCBathMaskPgon
height_field: none
tag_field: none
SF_type: softclip
use_z: false
5) Convert TIN that covers all data gaps into a Raster using the "TINRaster"
tool and parameters:
Input TIN: CCB_TinAll
Ouput Raster: CCB_BathT
Output Data Type: Float
Method: Natural_Neighbors
Sampling Distance: Cellsize 5
Z Factor: 1
20090916
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Step 8: Mosaic grid with gaps and grid without gaps into a new raster using the "mosaic to new raster" tool. The gaps in the first grid (ccb_bath_5m) were filled in using the second grid (ccb_batht) to produce, one depth grid with no gaps.
Mosaic parameters:
Input Rasters: ccb_batht, ccb_bath5m
pixel type:32 bit float,
Cellsize: 5,
Number of bands:1,
Mosaic Method:first
Mosaic colormap mode:first
unknown
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
bandrews@usgs.gov
Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.30 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The format of the time period of content and some process dates had to be fixed. This file had a source contribution, but no other source information. This information had to be modified to meet the standard. The distribution format was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent.
20151120
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section.
20180720
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata.
20191118
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
20200908
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Raster
Grid Cell
3512
8053
1
Universal Transverse Mercator
19
0.999600
-69.000000
0.000000
500000.000000
0.000000
row and column
5.000000
5.000000
meters
D_WGS_1984
WGS_1984
6378137.000000
298.257224
Mean lower low water
0.5
meters
Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Value
Depth in meters below mean lower low water
ESRI
Bathymetric depth values in ESRI ArcRaster format. Data values represent depth in meters referenced to mean lower low water (MLLW).
U.S. Geological Survey
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
bandrews@usgs.gov
Downloadable Data
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
AIG
ArcGIS 9.3
ESRI Raster GRID format
WinZip file containing the ArcRaster Grid of grid swath bathymetry collected in Cape Cod Bay, Massachusetts survey area.
WinZip
60
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1006/GIS/raster/bathymetry/ccb_bath_f.zip
DVD-ROM
4.75
Gbytes
UDF
None
These data are available as a ArcInfo 32-bit floating point binary grid in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) format. The grid consists of two folders, one with the "grid name", and one "info" folder. The two folders for each grid are compressed into one file using WinZip (ver. 9.0) software. To utilize these data, the user must have software capable of uncompressing the WinZip file and importing and viewing an ESRI ArcRaster grid. The two folders for each grid must be uncompressed to the same folder. If during the process of extracting multiple grids in WinZip format to the same folder, the user is prompted by WinZip software to "overwrite existing files" in the info folder select the "yes" option.
20240318
Brian Andrews
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographer
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
508-548-8700 x2348
508-457-2310
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318)
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time