Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Publication_Date: 2010 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System version 4.1 Transects with Short-Term Rate Calculations for the New England South region from Dartmouth, Massachusetts to Napatree Point, Rhode Island (NewEnglandS_ST.shp) Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1119 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101119 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1119/ Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1119/data/NewEnglandS_ST.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: E. Robert Thieler Originator: Jeffrey List Publication_Date: 2010 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: A GIS Compilation of Vector Shorelines and Associated Shoreline Change Data for the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1119 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1119/ Description: Abstract: Sandy ocean beaches are a popular recreational destination, often surrounded by communities containing valuable real estate. Development is on the rise despite the fact that coastal infrastructure is subjected to flooding and erosion. As a result, there is an increased demand for accurate information regarding past and present shoreline changes. To meet these national needs, the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is compiling existing reliable historical shoreline data along open-ocean sandy shores of the conterminous United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii under the National Assessment of Shoreline Change project. There is no widely accepted standard for analyzing shoreline change. Existing shoreline data measurements and rate calculation methods vary from study to study and prevent combining results into state-wide or regional assessments. The impetus behind the National Assessment project was to develop a standardized method of measuring changes in shoreline position that is consistent from coast to coast. The goal was to facilitate the process of periodically and systematically updating the results in an internally consistent manner. Purpose: This dataset consists of short-term (~30 years) shoreline change rates for the New England South region from Dartmouth, Massachusetts to Napatree Point, Rhode Island. Rate calculations were computed within a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.1, an ArcGIS extension developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Short-term rates of shoreline change were calculated using an end-point rate method based on shorelines from 1975(RI)/1978(MA) and 2000 to provide an approximately 30-yr short-term rate. A reference baseline was used as the originating point for the orthogonal transects cast by the DSAS software. The transects intersect each shoreline establishing measurement points, which are then used to calculate short-term rates. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Single_Date/Time: Calendar_Date: 2010 Currentness_Reference: publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.887196 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.928952 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.543097 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.304989 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:d5d5854f-cff0-4c1e-ad35-a5c6fd683b11 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Theme_Keyword: Historic Shoreline Theme_Keyword: Shoreline Change Rate Theme_Keyword: Erosion Theme_Keyword: Accretion Theme_Keyword: Linear Regression Rate Theme_Keyword: Endpoint Rate Theme_Keyword: Baseline Theme_Keyword: Transect Theme_Keyword: Digital Shoreline Analysis System Theme_Keyword: DSAS Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: National Assessment of Shoreline Change Project Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: environment Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords Theme_Keyword: effects of coastal change Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: shoreline accretion Theme_Keyword: shoreline erosion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: coastal processes Theme_Keyword: erosion Theme_Keyword: shoreline accretion Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Theme_Keyword: Continental/Island Shore Complex Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Atlantic Coast Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: New England Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Rhode Island Place_Keyword: Horseneck Beach Place_Keyword: Sakonnet Place_Keyword: Newport Place_Keyword: Scarborough Place_Keyword: Point Judith Place_Keyword: Matunuck Place_Keyword: East Beach Place_Keyword: Watch Hill Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Place_Keyword: Gulf of Maine/Bay of Fundy Ecoregion Stratum: Stratum_Keyword_Thesaurus: Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Stratum_Keyword: Substrate Access_Constraints: none Use_Constraints: Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: E.R. Thieler Originator: E.A. Himmelstoss Originator: J.L. Zichichi Originator: A. Ergul Publication_Date: 2009 Title: Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.0: an ArcGIS extension for calculating shoreline change Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2008-1278 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Current version is 4.1. Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20081278 Online_Linkage: https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/DSAS/ Online_Linkage: https://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/DSAS/version4/index.html Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Cheryl J. Hapke Originator: Emily A. Himmelstoss Originator: Meredith G. Kratzmann Originator: Jeffrey List Originator: E. Robert Thieler Publication_Date: 2010 Title: National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Historical Shoreline Change along the New England and Mid-Atlantic Coasts Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2010-1118 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1118/ Data_Quality_Information: Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: The attributes of this dataset are based on the field requirements of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System and were automatically generated by the software during the generation of the transect layer or during the calculation of shoreline change rates performed by the software. Logical_Consistency_Report: These data were generated using DSAS v4.1, an automated software program which does not perform checks for fidelity of the input features. The transects were visually inspected and sometimes manually adjusted within a standard ArcMap edit session to adjust the position at which an individual transect intersected the shorelines. Completeness_Report: This dataset contains the transects automatically generated by the DSAS software application that were used to calculate short-term shoreline change rates for the region. Additional transects may have been generated but did not intersect the two shoreline dates specified (1975 or 1978 and 2000 years) to calculate short-term rates. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Transect Features Generated using DSAS v4.1 in ArcMap v9.3. Parameters Used: baseline layer=NewEnglandS_baseline, baseline group field=NULL, transect spacing=50 meters, transect length=500 meters, cast direction=AUTO-DETECT, baseline location=offshore, cast method=two leg, smoothing distance=50 meters, flip baselines=not selected. For additional details on these parameters, please see the DSAS help file distributed with the DSAS software, or visit the USGS website at: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20081278. This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person: Emily Himmelstoss. Process_Date: 20091014 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Emily Himmelstoss Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Some transects were manually shortened in an edit session using standard editing tools in ArcMap v9.3. Process_Date: 20091014 Process_Step: Process_Description: Rate Calculations Performed in DSAS v4.1 using ArcMap v9.3on Selected Shoreline Features Only (1975 or 1978 and 2000). Parameters Used: shoreline layer=NewEnglandS_shorelines, shoreline date field=Date_, shoreline uncertainty field name=Uncy, the default accuracy=10.8 meters, shoreline intersection parameters=nearest, stats calculations=[End Point Rate (EPR)], shoreline threshold=2, confidence interval=90%, Output rate table name=NewEnglandS_transects_rates_20100414_113658. Process_Date: 20100114 Process_Step: Process_Description: Shoreline rates table (NewEnglandS_transects_rates_20100414_113658.dbf) was joined to the transect feature class in ArcMap v9.3 by right-clicking on the transect layer > joins and relates > join > join attributes from a table. Parameters: join field - ObjectID; table to join - NewEnglandS_transects_rates_20100414_113658; field in table: TransectID; join options - keep only matching records. Process_Date: 20100114 Process_Step: Process_Description: The joined transect feature class was exported to a shapefile in ArcMap v9.3 by right-clicking the transect layer > data > export data, permanently linking the joined rate fields to the transect attribute table. Process_Date: 20100114 Process_Step: Process_Description: The exported transect shapefile was projected in ESRI's ArcToolbox (v.9.3) > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Feature > Project. Parameters: input projection - UTM zone 19N (NAD 83); output projection - geographic coordinates (WGS84); transformation - NAD_1983_To_WGS_1984_1. Process_Date: 20100427 Process_Step: Process_Description: Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.36 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Added an online link to the data in the identification section. Fixed cross-reference online links. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. Attempted to modify http to https where appropriate. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20170110 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. Process_Date: 20170207 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords from Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) to metadata. Process_Date: 20180426 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Alan O. Allwardt Contact_Position: Contractor -- Information Specialist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 2885 Mission Street City: Santa Cruz State_or_Province: CA Postal_Code: 95060 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7551 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: aallwardt@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Process_Date: 20191118 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200908 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: String Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 1135 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Detailed_Description: Entity_Type: Entity_Type_Label: NewEnglandS_ST Entity_Type_Definition: Transects are automatically generated by DSAS at a 90 degree angle to the user-specified baseline. Entity_Type_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute: Attribute_Label: FID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: SHAPE Attribute_Definition: Feature geometry. Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Coordinates defining the features. Attribute: Attribute_Label: OBJECTID Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number generated for each row of the transect attribute table when stored as a feature class in a geodatabase. This value is the common attribute field when joining to the TransectID value in short-term results output table calculated by DSAS. Attribute_Definition_Source: USGS Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: BaselineID Attribute_Definition: Unique identification number of the baseline segment. If BaselineID=0 no transects will be generated. Used by DSAS to determine transect ordering alongshore if multiple baseline segments exist. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: unlimited Attribute: Attribute_Label: TransOrder Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS based on ordering of transects along the baseline. Used to allow user to sort transect data along the baseline from baseline start to baseline end. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: unlimited Attribute: Attribute_Label: ProcTime Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the date and time a transect was processed. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: no value or 0 (when transect was manually created by user) Range_Domain_Maximum: unlimited (values based on time and date of automatic generation) Attribute: Attribute_Label: Autogen Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS to indicate whether or not a transect was automatically created by DSAS (1= transect was auto generated by DSAS; blank or 0=transect was not auto-generated). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: blank or 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1 Attribute: Attribute_Label: StartX Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the X coordinate of the beginning of the transect in meter units (UTM zone 19N, NAD 83). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values based on data set extent. When blank, transect was manually created by user. Attribute: Attribute_Label: StartY Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the Y coordinate of the beginning of the transect in meter units (UTM zone 19N, NAD 83). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values based on data set extent. When blank, transect was manually created by user. Attribute: Attribute_Label: EndX Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the X coordinate of the end of the transect in meter units (UTM zone 19N, NAD 83). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values based on data set extent. When blank, transect was manually created by user. Attribute: Attribute_Label: EndY Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS automatically to record the Y coordinate of the end of the transect in meter units (UTM zone 19N, NAD 83). Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Values based on data set extent. When blank, transect was manually created by user. Attribute: Attribute_Label: Azimuth Attribute_Definition: Assigned by DSAS to record the azimuth of the transect measure in degrees clockwise from North. When zero, transect was manually created by user. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0 Range_Domain_Maximum: 360 Attribute: Attribute_Label: SHAPE_Leng Attribute_Definition: Length of feature in meter units (UTM zone 19N, NAD 83) Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 74.516001 Range_Domain_Maximum: 590.642654 Attribute: Attribute_Label: TransectID Attribute_Definition: Same value as ObjectID. Used as a permanent and unique identification number for each transect in the output rates table calculated by DSAS. This attribute was used as the common field when joining the rates table (.dbf) to the transect feature class in a geodatabase. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Unrepresentable_Domain: Positive real numbers that are automatically generated. Attribute: Attribute_Label: EPR Attribute_Definition: The end point rate is calculated by dividing the distance of shoreline movement by the time elapsed between the two shorelines. The rate is reported in meters/year. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: -1.93 Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.87 Attribute: Attribute_Label: ECI Attribute_Definition: Describes the uncertainty of the reported end point rate in meters. Attribute_Definition_Source: U.S. Geological Survey Attribute_Domain_Values: Range_Domain: Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.247 Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.86 Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: All calculations for length are in meter units and were based on the UTM zone 19N NAD83 projection. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: Shapefile Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.3 Format_Specification: Esri polyline shapefile Format_Information_Content: This WinZip (version 9.0) file contains a shapefile of transects generated by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System including short-term rate calculations for the New England South region from Dartmouth, Massachusetts to Napatree Point, Rhode Island. File_Decompression_Technique: Use WinZip or pkUnzip Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1119/data/NewEnglandS_ST.zip Access_Instructions: Data may be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW). Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) polyline shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240318 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Emily Himmelstoss Contact_Position: Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2262 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318) Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time