U.S. Geological Survey 2011 1.0 remote-sensing image Open-File Report 2010-1332 Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Menlo Park, CA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20101332 https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/htmldocs/bs/bs_indexmap.html https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/gloria_data/bering_sea/composite/bs_250m_lcc_nad27.zip Valerie F. Paskevich Florence L. Wong John J. O'Malley Andrew J. Stevenson Christina E. Gutmacher 2011 1.0 Open-File Report 2010-1332 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/ From 1986 through 1989, the USGS and IOS (Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, U.K.) scientists conducted several surveys within the U.S. EEZ off Alaska. Four surveys during that time period focused on the Bering Sea region. As in earlier EEZ reconnaissance surveys, the USGS utilized the GLORIA (Geological LOng-Range Inclined Asdic) sidescan-sonar system to complete the geologic mapping. The collected GLORIA data were processed and digitally mosaicked to produce continuous imagery of the sea-floor. The results of these surveys were 30 digital mosaics of a 2 degree by 2 degree area with a 50-meter pixel resolution. This remote sensing image of the sea-floor is a reduced-resolution (250-meter) composite mosaic of the 30 mosaics created from the Bering Sea U.S. EEZ GLORIA sidescan-sonar data. 19860706 19870728 ground condition with the following date ranges: 19860706 to 19860728, 19860806 to 19860901, 19860903 to 19860930, and 19870628 to 19870728 Complete None planned -165 168 61.261185 50.508513 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:32b9328e-d91a-4e2a-aefa-1a6e8ddd6e9d None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program CMGP Western Coastal and Marine Geology WCMG Geological LOng-Range Inclined Asdic GLORIA GeoTIFF image grey scale image sidescan-sonar mosaic composite mosaic backscatter acoustic reflectivity marine geology 250-meter Lambert Conformal Conic Exclusive Economic Zone EEZ field activity number F-2-86-BS field activity number F-3-86-BS field activity number F-4-86-BS field activity number F-1-87-BS ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans geoscientificInformation imageryBaseMapsEarthCover NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Earth Science Keywords, Version 6.0.0.0.0 Oceans > Ocean Acoustics > Acoustic Reflectivity NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords ACOUSTIC RECEIVERS GLORIA > Geological Long-Range Inclined ASDIC SIDE-SCAN SONAR Data Categories for Marine Planning distributions physical habitats and geomorphology Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) Keywords seabed Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) sidescan sonar marine geophysics USGS Thesaurus sidescan sonar image mosaics marine geophysics sea-floor characteristics sea-floor acoustic reflectivity Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Marine Oceanic Continental/Island Rise Continental/Island Slope Marine Basin Floor None Alaska Bering Sea Bowers Ridge Aleutian Basin Umnak Plateau Zhemchug Canyon Pribilof Canyon Little Sitkin Island Semisopochnoi Island Aleutian Ridge Bering Fan Bering Channel Bering Canyon Beringian margin Buldir Island Attu Island Agattu Island Shemya Island NASA/Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Place Keywords Oceans > Pacific Ocean > North Pacific Ocean > Bering Sea Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Aleutian Islands Ecoregion Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) Substrate None Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. U.S. Geological Survey Florence Wong mailing and physical address

345 Middlefield Road MS 999

Menlo Park CA 94025 USA (650) 329-5327 (650) 329-5198 fwong@usgs.gov https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/gloria_data/bering_sea/composite/bs_250m_lcc_nad27-thumb.gif Thumbnail image showing an overview of the U.S. Bering Sea EEZ GLORIA composite mosaic. GIF https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/gloria_data/bering_sea/composite/bs_250m_lcc_nad27.gif Browse image showing an overview of the U.S. Bering Sea EEZ GLORIA composite mosaic. GIF The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) must be referenced as the originator of the dataset in any future products or research derived from these data. Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 3; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850 EEZ-SCAN Scientific Staff 1991 Miscellaneous Investigation Series I-2053 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey 145 p. https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/i2053 P.S. Chavez Jr. 1986 Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing Vol. 52, No. 8, August 1986, p. 1133-1145 Falls Church, VA 22046 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing P.S. Chavez Jr. 1984 Open-File Report 84-880 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr84880 There are no attributes associated with the GeoTIFF image. not applicable All available imagery were used to create this mosaic. Data were acquired during several cruises using the 6.5 kHz GLORIA sidescan-sonar system and a 45 km total swath width. Primary navigational control for this survey was by Loran-C supplemented by satellite navigation. Accuracy of location of the navigation fixes is estimated to be better than 100 meters. U.S. Geological Survey unknown disc 19860706 19870728 ground condition with the following date ranges: 19860706 to 19860728, 19860806 to 19860901, 19860903 to 19860930, and 19870628 to 19870728 U.S. Bering Sea EEZ GLORIA mosaics 1-30 The 30 completed 50-meter mosaics were combined to create a Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) projection, 250-meter composite overview. An empty PCI database for the full extent of the U.S. Bering Sea EEZ GLORIA was defined. The imagery database was defined with a Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) projection at a resolution of 250-meters. Standard parallels of 59 and 50 and a central longitude of -177 were selected with a Clarke 1866 spheroid. 200711 bs_250m_lcc_nad27.pix U.S. Geological Survey John O'Malley GIS Specialist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA (508) 548-8700 x2340 (508) 457-2310 jomalley@usgs.gov Using the PCI Geomatics tool GCPworks, the 30 individual 50-meter mosaics were combined to create a composite overview of the U.S. Bering Sea GLORIA data at a resolution of 250-meters. The individual full-resolution GLORIA mosaics with the white flood-filled background were mosaiced together to create a single reduced-resolution composite mosaic for the U.S. Bering Sea. Individual mosaics were "dropped" into the composite database. No rubber sheeting or geometric corrections were applied to the mosaics. However, some mosaics were radiometrically enhanced to reduce the effect of the individual square boundaries and produce a more uniform overview image. The individual 30 mosaics were combined using a bi-linear resampling mode to reduce noise and blockiness. bs_q01.tif bs_q02.tif bs_q03.tif bs_q04.tif bs_q05.tif bs_q06.tif bs_q06b.tif bs_q07.tif bs_q08.tif bs_q09.tif bs_q10.tif bs_q11.tif bs_q12.tif bs_q13.tif bs_q13b.tif bs_q14.tif bs_q14b.tif bs_q15.tif bs_q16.tif bs_q17.tif bs_q18.tif bs_q19.tif bs_q20.tif bs_q21.tif bs_q22.tif bs_q22b.tif bs_q23.tif bs_q24.tif bs_q25.tif bs_q26.tif bs_250m_lcc_nad27.pix 200711 bs_250m_lcc_nad27.pix U.S. Geological Survey John O'Malley GIS Specialist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA (508) 548-8700 x2340 (508) 457-2310 jomalley@usgs.gov The completed reduced 250-meter mosaic was exported from the PCI database as a GeoTIFF image with associated world file. bs_250m_lcc_nad27.pix 200711 bs_250m_lcc_nad27.tif bs_250m_lcc_nad27.tfw U.S. Geological Survey John O'Malley GIS Specialist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA (508) 548-8700 x2340 (508) 457-2310 jomalley@usgs.gov Keywords section of metadata optimized for discovery in USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Data Catalog. 20170105 U.S. Geological Survey Alan O. Allwardt Contractor -- Information Specialist mailing and physical address

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-460-7551 831-427-4748 aallwardt@usgs.gov Added keywords from Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) to metadata. 20180426 U.S. Geological Survey Alan O. Allwardt Contractor -- Information Specialist mailing and physical address

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-460-7551 831-427-4748 aallwardt@usgs.gov Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.46 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Added a landing page link as the first link in the identification section. Fixed the date format in the time period of content. Removed LIDAR bounding coordinates - an artifact of Esri and MP processing. Attempted to modify http to https where appropriate. Added a cross-reference online link. The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. 20180503 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. 20191118 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. 20200908 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Raster Pixel 4440 6680 1 Lambert Conformal Conic 59.000000 50.000000 -177.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 row and column 250.000000 250.000000 meters North American Datum of 1927 Clarke 1866 6378206.400000 294.978698 There are no attributes associated with a GeoTIFF image. Image pixel values contain acoustic reflectivity values normalized to an 8-bit data range (0-255). Low-backscatter is represented by dark tones (low values) and high-backscatter is represented by bright tones (high values). U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical address

345 Middlefield Road MS 999

Menlo Park CA 94025 USA (650) 329-5078 (650) 329-5190 Downloadable Data Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. TIFF Not available from original metadata GeoTIFF A zip archive containing the GeoTIFF image, world file, browse graphics and metadata files. zip archive 9.81 https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/gloria_data/bering_sea/composite/bs_250m_lcc_nad27.zip Data are available for download on the World Wide Web (WWW). DVD-ROM 4.75 Gbytes UDF None The sidescan-sonar mosaic is available as a GeoTIFF image with accompanying world file and georeference report. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. If the georeferencing information cannot be imported, the user may wish to obtain the georeference information contained in a separate file included in the zip file. U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA (508) 548-8700 (508) 457-2310 Downloadable Data Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. TIFF Not available from original metadata GeoTIFF A zip archive containing the GeoTIFF image, world file, browse graphics and metadata files. zip archive 9.81 https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1332/gloria_data/bering_sea/composite/bs_250m_lcc_nad27.zip Data are available for download on the World Wide Web (WWW). None The composite sidescan-sonar mosaic is available as a GeoTIFF image with accompanying world file and georeference report. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. If the georeferencing information cannot be imported, the user may wish to view the georeference information contained in a separate file included in the zip file. 20211111 U.S. Geological Survey Valerie Paskevich Information Specialist / GIS Coordinator, retired mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA (508) 548-8700 (508) 457-2310 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time None None