Location of rotasonic cores from northeastern North Carolina Volumes I to IV: Cores OBX-01 through OBX-18 and MLD-01 through MLD-10 (obx_cores.shp, geographic, WGS 84)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Location of rotasonic cores from northeastern North Carolina Volumes I to IV: Cores OBX-01 through OBX-18 and MLD-01 through MLD-10 (obx_cores.shp, geographic, WGS 84)
Abstract:
The northeastern North Carolina coastal system, from False Cape, Virginia, to Cape Lookout, North Carolina, has been studied by a cooperative research program that mapped the Quaternary geologic framework of the estuaries, barrier islands, and inner continental shelf. This information provides a basis to understand the linkage between geologic framework, physical processes, and coastal evolution at time scales from storm events to millennia. The study area attracts significant tourism to its parks and beaches, contains a number of coastal communities, and supports a local fishing industry, all of which are impacted by coastal change. Knowledge derived from this research program can be used to mitigate hazards and facilitate effective management of this dynamic coastal system. This regional mapping project produced spatial datasets of high-resolution geophysical (bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic reflection) and sedimentary (core and grab-sample) data. The high-resolution geophysical data were collected during numerous surveys within the back-barrier estuarine system, along the barrier island complex, in the nearshore, and along the inner continental shelf. Sediment cores were taken on the mainland and along the barrier islands, and both cores and grab samples were taken on the inner shelf. Data collection was a collaborative effort between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and several other institutions including East Carolina University (ECU), the North Carolina Geological Survey, and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS). The high-resolution geophysical data of the inner continental shelf were collected during six separate surveys conducted between 1999 and 2004 (four USGS surveys north of Cape Hatteras: 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA, 2002-013-FA, and two USGS surveys south of Cape Hatteras: 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) and cover more than 2600 square kilometers of the inner shelf. Single-beam bathymetry data were collected north of Cape Hatteras in 1999 using a Furuno fathometer. Swath bathymetry data were collected on all other inner shelf surveys using a SEA, Ltd. SwathPLUS 234-kHz bathymetric sonar. Chirp seismic data as well as sidescan-sonar data were collected with a Teledyne Benthos (Datasonics) SIS-1000 north of Cape Hatteras along with boomer seismic reflection data (cruises 1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-012-FA and 2002-013-FA). An Edgetech 512i was used to collect chirp seismic data south of Cape Hatteras (cruises 2003-003-FA and 2004-003-FA) along with a Klein 3000 sidescan-sonar system. Sediment samples were collected with a Van Veen grab sampler during four of the USGS surveys (1999-045-FA, 2001-005-FA, 2002-013-FA, and 2004-003-FA). Additional sediment core data along the inner shelf are provided from previously published studies. A cooperative study, between the North Carolina Geological Survey and the Minerals Management Service (MMS cores), collected vibracores along the inner continental shelf offshore of Nags Head, Kill Devils Hills and Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in 1996. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers collected vibracores along the inner shelf offshore of Dare County in August 1995 (NDC cores) and July-August 1995 (SNL cores). These cores are curated by the North Carolina Geological Survey and were used as part of the ground validation process in this study. Nearshore geophysical and core data were collected by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The nearshore is defined here as the region between the 10-m isobath and the shoreline. High-resolution bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and chirp seismic data were collected between June 2002 and May 2004. Vibracore samples were collected in May and July 2005. Shallow subsurface geophysical data were acquired along the Outer Banks barrier islands using a ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system. Data were collected by East Carolina University from 2002 to 2005. Rotasonic cores (OBX cores) from five drilling operations were collected from 2002 to 2006 by the North Carolina Geological Survey as part of the cooperative study with the USGS. These cores are distributed throughout the Outer Banks as well as the mainland. The USGS collected seismic data for the Quaternary section within the Albemarle-Pamlico estuarine system between 2001 and 2004 during six surveys (2001-013-FA, 2002-015-FA, 2003-005-FA , 2003-042-FA, 2004-005-FA, and 2004-006-FA). These surveys used Geopulse Boomer and Knudsen Engineering Limited (KEL) 320BR Chirp systems, except cruise 2003-042-FA, which used an Edgetech 424 Chirp and a boomer system. The study area includes Albemarle Sound and selected tributary estuaries such as the South, Pungo, Alligator, and Pasquotank Rivers; Pamlico Sound and trunk estuaries including the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers; and back-barrier sounds including Currituck, Croatan, Roanoke, Core, and Bogue.
Supplemental_Information:
Rotasonic drilling simultaneously combines high-frequency vibration, slow rotation, and downward-pressure to advance a dual-line casing consisting of a sampling barrel with 5-foot (1.52 m)-long polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride core liners on 4-inch drill pipe and a 6-inch override steel casing. With each run, the sampling barrel is first driven to the desired depth. Then the casing is driven over the sample barrel to maintain borehole stability. The sample barrel is then retrieved and the liner containing the core is removed. Drilling was conducted by the North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS) with contract drillers as part of cooperative agreement between the USGS and the NCGS.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    North Carolina Geological Survey, 2013, Location of rotasonic cores from northeastern North Carolina Volumes I to IV: Cores OBX-01 through OBX-18 and MLD-01 through MLD-10 (obx_cores.shp, geographic, WGS 84): Open-File Report 2011-1015, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Thieler, E.R., Foster, D.S., Mallinson, D.M., Himmelstoss, E.A., McNinch, J.E., List, J.H., and Hammar-Klose, E.S., 2013, Quaternary Geophysical Framework of the Northeastern North Carolina Coastal System: Open-File Report 2011-1015, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.763115
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.468470
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.376210
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.018404
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: Feb-2002
    Ending_Date: Apr-2006
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Entity point (28)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Vertical Datum of 1988
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.05
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method:
      Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    obx_cores
    Shapefile Attribute Table (Source: ESRI)
    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: ESRI) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: ESRI) Coordinates defining the features.
    CORE
    Unique identification number given to each core. (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey) Information unavailable from original metadata.
    TD_DATE
    Date drilled to total depth (TD) (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey) Information unavailable from original metadata.
    LATITUDE
    Latitude in decimal degrees (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:35.018404
    Maximum:36.37621
    LONGITUDE
    Longitude in decimal degrees (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-76.763115
    Maximum:-75.46847
    EL_M
    Core surface elevation, in meters (relative to NAVD88) (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.22
    Maximum:10.68
    EL_FT
    Core surface elevation, in feet (relative to NAVD88) (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.7
    Maximum:35
    DEPTH_M
    Total depth of hole in meters below land surface. (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:15.2
    Maximum:79.2
    DEPTH_FT
    Total depth of hole in feet below land surface. (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:50
    Maximum:260
    BOTTOM_M
    Bottom elevation of core hole in meters (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-77.4
    Maximum:-4.6
    BOTTOM_FT
    Bottom elevation of core hole in feet (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-254
    Maximum:-15
    RECOVERY
    Core recovery for the given hole in percent. A value of -999 is a NODATA value and indicates that the percent recovery was not available from the published dataset. (Source: North Carolina Geological Survey)
    Range of values
    Minimum:65
    Maximum:98

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • North Carolina Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    North Carolina Geological Survey
    Geological Survey Manager
    1612 MSC
    Raleigh, NC
    USA

    919.733.2423 (voice)
    919.733.0900 (FAX)
    Hours_of_Service: 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Monday-Friday

Why was the data set created?

Twenty-eight rotasonic cores 9.5-10 cm in diameter were collected in five separate drilling operations from 2002 through 2006 as part of the Quaternary geologic framework study of coastal northern North Carolina by the U.S. Geological Survey. Cores were collected to provide control on subsurface geophysical data including boomer and chirp sonar plus ground penetrating radar (GPR).

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Information unavailable from original metadata. (source 1 of 1)
    The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. Assumed to be North Carolina Geological Survey., unknown, Information unavailable from original metadata..

    Type_of_Source_Media: Information unavailable from original metadata.
    Source_Contribution: Information unavailable from original metadata.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: Nov-2009 (process 1 of 7)
    Core location shapefiles from each volume of the North Carolina Geological Survey Open-File Reports were merged into a single shapefile using ArcToolbox 9.3 > Data Management Tools > Merge Person who carried out this activity:
    Emily Himmelstoss
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2262 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov
    Date: 07-Jan-2011 (process 2 of 7)
    Attribute field names varied within the compiled reports. The attribute table was edited in ArcMap v9.3 so that field names were consolidated and duplicate fields deleted. Some of the names used as field headings in the originally published reports may not be the same as the field headings used in this shapefile (for example "Hole" was omitted and all individual core numbers are organized under the heading called "Core"). Person who carried out this activity:
    Emily Himmelstoss
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2262 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Feb-2011 (process 3 of 7)
    The dataset was projected from NAD 83 StatePlane North_Carolina FIPS 3200 Feet to geographic (WGS 84) using ArcToolbox (v9.3) Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformation > Feature > Project and specifying the NAD_1983_To_WGS_1984_1 datum correction. Person who carried out this activity:
    Emily Himmelstoss
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 s2262 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    ehimmelstoss@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Jun-2016 (process 4 of 7)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The link to the data catalog was fixed. Bad links to the cross-references were removed. The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. Minor fixes to the attribute format for some attributes were needed. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd.
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 5 of 7)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 6 of 7)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 7 of 7)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Hoffman, C.W., Farrell, K.M., Pierson, J.A., Ward, A.N., Nickerson, J.G., Chapman, J.S., Brooks, R.W., and J.G., Ganey, 2005, Rotasonic Cores from Northeastern North Carolina Volume I: Cores OBX-01 through OBX-09: North Carolina Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-04, North Carolina Geological Survey, Raleigh, NC.

    Hoffman, C.W., Farrell, K.M., Pierson, J.A., Ward, A.N., Nickerson, J.G., Brooks, R.W., and J.G., Ganey, 2006, Rotasonic Cores from Northeastern North Carolina Volume II: Cores OBX-10 through OBX-18: North Carolina Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-04, North Carolina Geological Survey, Raleigh, NC.

    Hoffman, C.W., Farrell, K.M., Pierson, J.A., Ward, A.N., Nickerson, J.G., Chapoman, J.S., Brooks, R.W., and J.G., Ganey, 2007, Location of Rotasonic Cores from Northeastern North Carolina Volume III: Cores MLD-01 through MLD-05: North Carolina Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-01, North Carolina Geological Survey, Raleigh, NC.

    Pierson, J.A., Farrell, K.M., Nickerson, J.G., Chapman, J.S., Ward, A.N., Hoffman, C.W., and Lindsey, N., 2007, Rotasonic Cores from Northeastern North Carolina Volume IV: Cores MLD-06 through MLD-10: North Carolina Geological Survey Open-File Report 2007-02, North Carolina Geological Survey, Raleigh, NC.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The individual reports published by the North Carolina Geological Survey did not use consistent field heading names in the attribute tables. When the four individual files were merged, field heading names were consolidated. In some instances the names used here will not match the field heading used in the original report. OBX cores 1 through 09 did not contain the percent recovered attribute.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    A 2 cm accuracy of ground level at each core hole location as reported by North Carolina Geodetic Survey
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    A 5 cm accuracy of ground level at each core hole location as reported by North Carolina Geodetic Survey
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This data set contains all 28 core locations collected by the North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS) under the cooperative research project with the U.S. Geological Survey. The cores were originally published as four separate reports by the NCGS and are cross referenced within this metadata file. Additional information about the cores can be found in the original reports.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on this data. Gaps in sequential sample numbers may exist.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints:
Cores are shelved in the repository of the North Carolina Geological Survey Coastal Plain Office, 4100-A Reedy Creek Road, Raleigh, NC 27607. There is no legal constraint on access. Users wishing to access the cores should make inquiry to schedule a visit. Manpower to physically handle the cores and space in which to lay them out for examination are limited and are addressed on a case-by-case basis.
Use_Constraints:
Cores may be examined without constraint. Sampling will typically require a negotiated written agreement describing the samples to be taken, their purpose, and a statement agreeing to provide data generated from the cores to the NCGS in a specified form and timeframe.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    North Carolina Geological Survey
    Raleigh, NC

    919.715.9718 (voice)
    919.715.0900 (FAX)
    paual.day@ncmail.net
    Hours_of_Service: 8:00 AM - 5:00 PM Monday-Friday
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? North Carolina coastal co-op 2002-2006 rotasonic cores
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the North Carolina Geological Survey (NCGS), nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from ESRI at www.esri.com.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 11-Nov-2021
Metadata author:
North Carolina Geological Survey
Geological Survey Section Manager
Raleigh, NC

919.733.2423 (voice)
919.715.0900 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2011-1015/obx_cores.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Mon Nov 15 14:24:45 2021