Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: John F. Bratton Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Raw HYPACK navigation logged during U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2010-006-FA in Indian River Bay, Delaware, in April 2010 Edition: 1 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2011-1039 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111039 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1039/html/ofr2011-1039-catalog.html Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1039/data/navigation/hypack/hypacknav_raw.zip Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: V.A. Cross Originator: J.F. Bratton Originator: H.A. Michael Originator: K.D. Kroeger Originator: A. Green Originator: E. Bergeron Publication_Date: 2014 Title: Continuous Resistivity Profiling and Seismic-Reflection Data Collected in April 2010 from Indian River Bay, Delaware Edition: 1 Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 2011-1039 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1039/ Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111039 Description: Abstract: A geophysical survey to delineate the fresh-saline groundwater interface and associated sub-bottom sedimentary structures beneath Indian River Bay, Delaware, was carried out in April 2010. This included surveying at higher spatial resolution in the vicinity of a study site at Holts Landing, where intensive onshore and offshore studies were subsequently completed. The total length of continuous resistivity profiling (CRP) survey lines was 145 kilometers (km), with 36 km of chirp seismic lines surveyed around the perimeter of the bay. Medium-resolution CRP surveying was performed using a 50-meter streamer in a bay-wide grid. Results of the surveying and data inversion showed the presence of many buried paleochannels beneath Indian River Bay that generally extended perpendicular from the shoreline in areas of modern tributaries, tidal creeks, and marshes. An especially wide and deep paleochannel system was imaged in the southeastern part of the bay near White Creek. Many paleochannels also had high-resistivity anomalies corresponding to low-salinity groundwater plumes associated with them, likely due to the presence of fine-grained estuarine mud and peats in the channel fills that act as submarine confining units. Where present, these units allow plumes of low-salinity groundwater that was recharged onshore to move beyond the shoreline, creating a complex fresh-saline groundwater interface in the subsurface. The properties of this interface are important considerations in construction of accurate coastal groundwater flow models. These models are required to help predict how nutrient-rich groundwater, recharged in agricultural watersheds such as this one, makes its way into coastal bays and impacts surface water quality and estuarine ecosystems. For more information on the survey conducted for this project, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2010-006-FA. Purpose: The purpose of these HYPACK navigation files in ASCII format is to archive all the raw HYPACK (VER 9.0.5.17) navigation data acquired during USGS Field Activity Number 2010-006-FA. These data can be used to supplement other data collected during this cruise. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20100413 Ending_Date: 20100415 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.203600 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -75.062150 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.620200 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.566450 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:132e8e67-1b0e-43d2-b4c0-4e99ef6e497e Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: Field Activity Number 2010-006-FA Theme_Keyword: Info Bank ID K-6-10-DL Theme_Keyword: navigation Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: R/V Knob Theme_Keyword: Lowrance GPS Theme_Keyword: HYPACK Theme_Keyword: Open-file Report 2011-1039 Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme_Keyword: location Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: navigational data Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: North Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Delaware Place_Keyword: Indian River Bay Place_Keyword: Indian River Inlet Place_Keyword: Holts Landing Place_Keyword: Piney Neck Place_Keyword: Sussex County Place_Keyword: Rosedale Beach Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: The public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095 Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: These are the original files recorded by the HYPACK navigation software. No additional checks or corrections have been made to these files. Completeness_Report: These files represent all the HYPACK navigation recorded during USGS Field Activity 2010-006-FA. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The navigation system used was a Lowrance 480M with an LGC-2000 Global Positioning System (GPS) antenna. The antenna was located directly above the fathometer transducer mount point, but offset to the starboard by 2 meters from the resistivity streamer tow point. GPS data are assumed to be accurate within 10 meters on this survey. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: All bathymetry values were acquired by the 200 kHz Lowrance fathometer. The fathometer was mounted on the starboard side of the R/V Knob, directly below the GPS antenna. The Lowrance manufacturer indicates the speed of sound used by the system to calcuate depth is 4800 feet/second. The depth values are not corrected for the approximately 0.2 m transducer draft. All depth values are assumed to be accurate to within 1 meter. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: The raw HYPACK (VER 9.0.5.17) navigation files were transferred from the logging computer to a network data server. The files are separated in folders based on day of collection. The format of the filenames are LLL_TTTT.RAW where LLL is the linenumber and TTTT is the start time (UTC) of data collection in the format HHMM. In addition to the individual navigation files, there is also a LOG file which logs the HYPACK files recorded, and the order in which they were recorded. Process_Date: 201004 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.36 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Attempted to modify http to https where appropriate. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Process_Date: 20171002 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Process_Date: 20180720 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200908 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Degrees and decimal minutes Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: Local surface Depth_Resolution: 0.1 Depth_Distance_Units: meters Depth_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: HYPACK (VER 9.0.5.17) was used to record navigation. The times recorded in the navigation file are in UTC. Keywords and the information they provide are as follows: >FTP: The first record located at the top of the header used to identify the file format. >VER: HYPACK version number. >INF: General survey information filled in by the data technician. On this cruise, none of that information was filled in. > The three numbers at the end refer to initial tide correction at start-of-line, initial draft correction at start-of-line and sound velocity. >FIL: Raw format file. >ELL: Ellipsoid information. The name of the ellipsoid followed by the semi-major axis in meters and the flattening ratio. >PRO: Project information record where TME indicates Transverse Mercator > and the central meridian of -75 indicates UTM, zone 18. >DTM: Datum transformation record. >GEO: Geoid Model File. Blank if not present. GEO where > 'h_corr' is orthometric height correction in meters. >HVU: Horizontal and Vertical Units (meters) >TND: Survey time and date in UTC. >DEV 0: Indicates that the lines with device designation 0 are lines of Lowrance GPS data. >OFF 0: device offsets for device 0. Format of the value is OFF dn n1 n2 n3 n4 n5 n6 n7 > where dn=device number; n1=starboard, port offsets where positive is starboard; n2=forward, > aft offset where positive is forward; n3=height (antenna) or depth (transducer draft) offset - always positive; > n4=yaw rotation angle where positive for clockwise rotation; n5=roll rotation angle where port > side up is positive; n6=pitch rotation angle where bow up is positive; n7=device latency in seconds. > ***No offsets were recorded for device 0 during this data collection. >LIN: planned line data follows in the format "LIN nw" where nw=number of waypoints. >PTS: planned line waypoints in the format "PTS x y" where x=waypoint easting; y=waypoint northing. > ***In this case, easting and northing UTM zone 18N, meters. >LBP: planned line begin point in the format "LBP x y" where x=x grid position; y=y grid position. > ***In this case easting and northing, UTM Zone 18N, meters. >LNN X: planned line name where X is the line name >EOL: end of planned line >EOH: end of header The remaining elements have similar information in the first 3 columns. The first column will indicate the data type, the second column will indicate the device that recorded the information (0 for Lowrance) and the third column is the time tag (seconds past midnight) that is also sometimes referred to as the latency. The remaining information on each line is specific to the data type. > POS: Position of the ship - in this case the antenna location - in the format "POS dn t x y" where dn=device number; t=time tag (seconds past midnight); x=easting; y=northing. During this survey these values are in UTM, Zone 18, WGS84. > QUA: Position quality information in the format "QUA dn t n m h sat mode" where dn=device number; t=time tag (seconds past midnight); n=number of values to follow; m = 10 minus HDOP (horizontal dilution of precision); h=HDOP; sat=number of satellites; mode=GPS mode (NMEA 0183 standard values) where 0=fix no available or invalid, 1=GPS fix, 2=Differential GPS fix, 3=GPS PPS Mode fix, 4=RTK fix, 5=RTK Float. > RAW: Position information in the format "RAW dn t n lat long alt utc" where dn=device number; t=time tag (seconds past midnight); n=number of values to follow; lat=raw latitude X 100; long=raw longitude X 100; alt=antenna altitude above ellipsoid (meters); utc=GPS time in the format HHMM. > EC1: Echo Sounding (single frequency) in the format "EC1 dn t rd" where dn=device number; t=time tag (seconds past midnight); rd=raw depth. > MSG: Message string in the format "MSG dn t message" where dn=device number; t=time tag (seconds past midnight); message is the message sent from the device. During this survey, three different messages were recorded from the GPS: $GPGGA, $GPGLL and $SDDBT. These will be defined later. > FIX: events marked manually by the user in the format "FIX dn t event_number" where dn=device number (typically 99 as there is no device for manual events); t=time tag (seconds past midnight); event_number=event number such as 1,2,3,4. The NMEA strings present in the HYPACK file are the $GPGGA, $GPGLL, $SDDPT and $SDDBT. These are defined as follows. > $GPGGA is GPS fix data in the format "$GPGGA, t, lat, lath, long, longh, q, sat, h, a, M, alt, M, t2, refcheck" where t=time in UTC in the format hhmmss.ss; lat=latitude in the format ddmm.mmmmmm; lath= N or S indicating the latitude hemisphere; long=longitude in the format dddmm.mmmmmm; longh=E or W indicating the longitude hemisphere; q=fix quality where 1 is a GPS fix, 2 is a DGPS fix, 3 is a PPS fix, 4 is a Real Time Kinematic fix, 5 is Float RTK, 6 is estimated (dead reckoning), 7 is manual input mode, 8 is simulation mode; sat=number of satellites; h=Horizontal Dilution of Precision (HDOP); a=Antenna altitude above mean sea level (geoid); M= units of antenna altitude in meters; alt=height of geoid above WGS84 ellipsoid; M=units of geoidal height in meters; t2=time since last DGPS update; refcheck=DGPS reference station id and the checksum. >Example of a general $GPGGA string: >$GPGGA,180707,3835.9291,N,07509.0955,W,1,10,1.18,-6,M,,,,*0A > UTC Time = 180707 > Latitude = 3835.9291 N > Longitude = 07509.0955 W > Fix Quality = 1 > Number of satellites = 10 > HDOP = 1.18 relative accuracy of horizontal position > Altitude = -6 meters above mean sea level > Height of geoid above WGS84 ellipsoid = not recorded > Time since last update = not recorded > Checksum = *0A. > $GPGLL is geographic position date in the format "$GPGLL, lat, lath, long, longh, t, vcheck" where lat=latitude in the format ddmm.mmmmmm; lath=N or S indicating the latitude hemisphere; long=longitude in the format dddmm.mmmmmm; longh=E or W indicating the longitude hemisphere; t=time in UTC in the format hhmmss.ss; vcheck=data valid and checksum. >Example of a general $GPGLL string: >$GPGLL,3835.9286,N,07509.0972,W,180708,A*31 > Latitude = 3835.9286 N > Longitude = 07509.0972 W > UTC time = 180708 > Checksum = A*31 > $SDDPT is water depth in the format "$SDDPT, data_meters, offset *checksum" > Example: $SDDPT,1.6,0.0*50 > Depth in meters = 1.6 > Offset from transducer:0.0 Positive - distance from transducer to water line, or Negative - distance from transducer to keel > $SDDBT is water depth below the transducer in the format "$SDDBT, depth, units (f=feet), depth, units (m=meters), depth, units (F=fathoms), *checksum" > Example: $SDDBT,5.2,f,1.6,M,0.8,F*0E > Depth in feet = 5.2 > Depth in meters = 1.6 > Depth in fathoms = 0.8 > Checksum = *0E The definitions of the HYPACK strings were acquired from the HYPACK software manual available from: . The definitions of the NMEA strings were obtained from: and the SDDPT definition was obtained from: http://www.eye4software.com/products/gpstoolkit/nmea/ Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Resource_Description: Downloadable Data Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ASCII Format_Information_Content: This WinZip (v. 14) file contains the raw HYPACK navigation files as well as the associated metadata files. Transfer_Size: 6.6 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1039/data/navigation/hypack/hypacknav_raw.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2011/1039/html/ofr2011-1039-catalog.html Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111039 Fees: None. Technical_Prerequisites: The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file. To make the most use of the data, the user must be able to parse the ASCII files to extract the location and depth information. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240318 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318) Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time