Any spurious data points were removed during processing. Portions of this grid were interpolated to fill small gaps that occurred between adjacent bathymetric survey lines; although interpolation did not fill all gaps. Tide corrections using a zone tide model were applied to the following lines from 2010-004-FA and supersede the previous RTK tide corrections (ver 1.0) L114f1- L200F1, between julian day 141 and julian day 149.
This grid does not include all bathymetric data collected in the Vineyard Sound survey area. Bathymetry data collected along transit lines, seismic-reflection tie lines and other sections of lines of poor quality were excluded from this grid. Survey lines not included in this grid are: 2009-002-FA L63f1, L64f1, L74f1 2010-004-FA Patch2_1- Patch2_7, TIE8F1-TIE20F1, L286F1 2011-004-FA: Patch1-Patch7, L130F1, TIE1, TIE8-TIE15.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator:
The source information was incomplete and had to be modified to meet the standard. Assumed to be USGS.
Publication_Date: unknown
Title: Information unavailable from original metadata.
Type_of_Source_Media: Information unavailable from original metadata.
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20090602
Ending_Date: 20110517
Source_Currentness_Reference:
Information unavailable from original metadata. But assumed to be the same as the time period of content for the data. Ground condition of individual surveys on the following dates: 2009062-20090603; 20100521-20100604; 20110507-20110509; 20110514-20110517.
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Information unavailable from original metadata.
Source_Contribution:
Sonar Configuration: Bathymetry data were acquired using a Systems Engineering and Assessment Ltd. (SEA) SWATHplus-M interferometric sonar operating at 234 kHz and variable range (increased or decreased manually depending on water depth.) During surveys 2009-002-FA and 2010-004-FA, the sonar transducers were mounted on a rigid pole from the starboard side of the M/V Megan T. Miller about 2.4 m below the water line. During survey 2011-004-FA, the sonar transducers were mounted on a rigid pole from the port side of the M/V Scarlett Isabella about 2.17 m below the water line. The system was operated with a transmit power of 80 percent, a transmit length of 12 cycles (2009-002-FA and 2010-004-FA) or 43 cycles (2011-004-FA), 3072 samples per channel (2009-002-FA), or 4096 samples per channel (2010-004-FA and 2011-004-FA). Survey lines were run at an average speed of 5 knots and were spaced 50-100 m apart to obtain overlapping swaths of data and full coverage of the seafloor. Speed of Sound: Sound-velocity profiles were collected approximately every 2 hours by hand casted Applied MicroSystems SV Plus sound velocimeter (2009-002-FA), or an ODIM MVP30 moving vessel profiler (2010-004-FA and 2011-004-FA). Tides: During post-processing, soundings were referenced to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) using 1 minute averaged RTK-GPS sea-surface elevation data.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 1:Process GPS Tides Data for all three surveys: Depths were corrected to Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) using the 1 second RTK-GPS heights from the GPS receiver mounted over the SWATHplus-M sonar head. Two scripts were used and described below getNovatelTides: extracts the "TID" record from each Hypack line file parseHypackNovatelTides.awk: calculates the average TID value for every two minutes. Each day was appended to a master tide file in CARIS format ("SurveyName"Master.tid) and merged into the line files in Processing Step #3 below. Processing occurred in 2009, 2010, and 2011.
Process_Date: 2011
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 2: Raw to Processed Conversion for all three surveys: Each raw SWATHplus bathymetric sonar file (sxr) was converted to a SWATHplus processed file (sxp) using SEA SWATHplus Swath Processor (ver. 3.06 for 2009-002-FA, 2010-004-FA, and 3.07 for 2011-004-FA). During the conversion process, sound velocity profiles were used to minimize potential refraction artifacts from fluctuations in the speed of sound within the water column. NOAA Predicted tides were used during the conversion process, however, these were updated and merged with the GPS tide data described in Step 1 above. Bathymetric filters that were typically used in SWATH Processor acquisition software included a low amplitude (100%), range (0-4m), box (3-50m depth, 1.5-75m horizontal), median (window size 5), along track 1 (depth difference of 5-m, window size 5-m, and learn rate of 0.7), along track 2 (depth difference of 1.5-m, window size 1m, and learn rate of 0.9), and a mean filter (0.25m). These represent the typical parameters used for the majority of the USGS survey although the values may have been adjusted slightly for specific parts of the survey area. Processing occurred in 2009, 2010, and 2011.
Process_Date: 2011
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 3: SWATHplus to CARIS Conversion: A new CARIS HIPS project (ver. 6.1 for 2009-002-FA and 7.1 for 2010-004-FA and 2011-004-FA) was created for each of the three surveys with projection information set to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 19, WGS84. Each SWATHplus processed file (sxp) was imported to the new CARIS project using the Import/Conversion Wizard. The line files for each Julian day were merged with the Master tide file produced in Step 1 (09002_TID_master.tid, 10004_RTK_Tides_VS_Master.tid, 11004_Master.tid) to reference each line to Mean Lower Low Water. A 5 meter resolution Bathymetric and Statistical Error (BASE) Surface was created from the files for each Julian day. The BASE surface for each day was reviewed for any inconsistencies or data anomalies. Navigation was edited as needed using the navigation editor tool in CARIS. Filters were applied to each line including beam to beam slopes (2 degrees), and across track distance (50-60 m). Each line was edited using range filters maximize across-track coverage and reduce data gaps where possible. The CARIS refraction editor was used to adjust the speed of sound in some cases to flatten out the depth profiles produced by localized variations in speed of sound through the water column. Processing occurred in 2009, 2010, and 2011.
Process_Date: 2011
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 4: Merge zone tides to Southwest portion of survey area to replace RTK tides.
The RTK signal from repeater station located at Gay Head was not received by the survey vessel for several hours on several days between May 22 and May 29 2010 during USGS Field Activity 2010-004-FA aboard the M/V Megan T. Miller. Earlier attempts to interpolate tide values for missing times were not effective. Instead, USGS requested and received a zone tidal model from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in December of 2013. Tides were delivered to USGS on 10 Feb and applied only to lines L114F1-L200f1 and including Tie1-Tie10f2 (JD141-JD149). The zone tidal model used verified tides at six minute intervals from three NOAA Tide stations Newport, RI (#84526600), Woods Hole, MA (#8447930), and Nantucket MA, (#8449130). The NOAA Zone Definition File was loaded into HIPS (ver 8.1.6) and merged with Lines L114f1-L200f1.
Process_Date: 20140214
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 5: Combine HDCS files for all three surveys: Make a new CARIS HIPS project that contains only those processed line files from all three surveys that will be used for the final bathymetric grid. A 5 meter BASE surface was created (VS_BathAll_5m) covering the spatial extent of all three surveys within Vineyard Sound. Small no data holes within the base surface were filled in using the "Interpolate Base Surface" function in CARIS. Each cell in the grid is examined to determine if it contains a pixel value. If the node does not contain a value, the 5 neighboring cells are examined to calculate a value for the empty cell. The no data value is replaced with an interpolated value if 6 of the surrounding cells have a pixel value. The "Interpolate Base Surface" was run twice on the input grid. Nevertheless, some "No data" values (data gaps) remain in the final grid (VS_5m5x5), where the gaps are greater than these thresholds.
Process_Date: 20140220
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: VS_BathAll_5mzdf.csar
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 6: CARIS to ArcInfo Conversion: The 5 meter resolution CARIS BASE (VS_5m5x5zdf.csar) surface was exported out of CARIS as a Bathymetric Attributed Grid (BAG) file and imported to Interactive Visualization Systems (IVS) Fledermaus (ver 7.3) using the "import gridded data" function and converted to an interim IVS Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and geo file (VS_Bathv25m.dtm, .geo). The DTM file was then converted to ArcGIS (ver. 9.3) as a 32-bit floating point ArcRaster grid.(vs_bath5m_v2) using the "transfer bathy raster" tool under the DTM Tool menu. The projection information was defined as UTM Zone 19, WGS_84 for the final grid using the ArcToolbox "Define Projection" tool (ver. 9.3.1).
Process_Date: 20140220
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Brian Andrews
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Geographer
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2348
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: bandrews@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The link to the data in the Identification_Information section had to be fixed. Fixed a link to the project page in the abstract. This file had a source contribution, but no other source information. This information had to be modified to meet the standard.
The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent.
Process_Date: 20160527
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section.
Process_Date: 20180720
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata.
Process_Date: 20191118
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
Process_Date: 20200908
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov