U.S. Geological Survey 2013 vector digital data Open-File Report 2012-1183 Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20121183 https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1183/ https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1183/data/ElizabethIslands/ElizabethIslands_baseline.zip Theresa L. Smith Emily A. Himmelstoss E. Robert Thieler 2013 vector digital data Open-File Report 2012-1183 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1183/ Due to continued coastal population growth and increased threats of erosion, current data on trends and rates of shoreline movement are required to inform shoreline and floodplain management. The Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management launched the Shoreline Change Project in 1989 to identify erosion-prone areas of the coast. In 2001, a 1994 shoreline was added to calculate both long- and short-term shoreline change rates at 40-meter intervals along ocean-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast. The Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management, has compiled reliable historical shoreline data along open-facing sections of the Massachusetts coast under the Massachusetts Shoreline Change Mapping and Analysis Project 2013 Update. Two oceanfront shorelines for Massachusetts (approximately 1,800 km in total length) were (1) delineated using 2008/09 color aerial orthoimagery, and (2) extracted from topographic LIDAR datasets (2007) obtained from NOAA's Ocean Service, Coastal Services Center. The new shorelines were integrated with existing Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management and USGS historical shoreline data in order to compute long- and short-term rates using the latest version of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). Rates of long-term and short-term shoreline change were computed within a GIS using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) version 4.3, an ArcGIS extension developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The baseline is used as a reference line for the transects cast by the DSAS software. The transects intersect each shoreline at the measurement points, which are then used to calculate shoreline-change rates for the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management Shoreline Change Project. Cross-referenced citations are applicable to the dataset as a whole. 2013 publication date Complete None planned -70.951292 -70.674670 41.521752 41.409221 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:6feac6f2-a8f1-4c8a-a1c3-638f48a19fe1 None Erosion Accretion Baseline Transect Digital Shoreline Analysis System DSAS U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program CMGP Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center WHCMSC Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans USGS Thesaurus geospatial datasets coastal processes None Atlantic Coast United States New England Massachusetts Elizabeth Islands Nonamesset Island Cuttyhunk Island None Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey and the Massachusetts Office of Coastal Zone Management as the originators of this dataset. U.S. Geological Survey Theresa Smith Contract Geologist mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA 508-548-8700 508-547-2310 theresasmith@usgs.gov Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.1850 E.R. Thieler T.L. Smith Julia Knisel D.W. Sampson 2013 Open-File Report 2012-1189 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1189/ E.R. Thieler E.A. Himmelstoss J.L. Zichichi A. Ergul 2009 Open-File Report 2008-1278 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Current version of software at time of use was 4.3 https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20081278 E. Robert Thieler James F. O'Connell Courtney A. Schupp 20010904 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report http://www.mass.gov/czm/hazards/pdf/sc_technical_report.pdf http://www.mass.gov/czm/hazards/shoreline_change/shorelinechangeproject.htm The attributes for these baseline data are based on the requirements of the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software and have gone through a series of quality assurance procedures. The baseline segments here were used to generate transects for shoreline change rate calculations using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software. They do not overlap and are not necessarily continuous. This baseline file is complete and contains all segments used to calculate shoreline change rates along sections of the Massachusetts Elizabeth Islands coastal region where shoreline position data were available. A baseline shapefile was constructed in segments positioned either completely offshore or completely onshore from the time series of shoreline positions using standard editing tools in ArcMap v.9.3. The baseline was positioned to conform to changes in the combined orientation of the shorelines alongshore. This was done so that the transects generated by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software from the baseline, would intersect perpendicular to the general trend of the shorelines. This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by the same person - Theresa Smith. 2011 Theresa Smith U.S. Geological Survey Contractor mailing address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543 USA 508-548-8700 theresasmith@usgs.gov The Digital Shoreline Analysis System software requires that all features reside within a geodatabase. The baseline file was imported into a personal geodatabase in ArcCatalog v9.3 by right-clicking on the geodatabase > Import feature class. After transects were generated, the entire geodatabase was upgraded to v.10 by right-clicking on the geodatabase and choosing "Properties" from the pop-up window in ArcCatalog v.10. The "Upgrade Geodatabase" button was clicked at the bottom of the General tab in the Database Properties window. 2011 After transects were generated, it was necessary to edit sections of the baseline using the dynamic topology in DSAS that allows edits to the baseline to update the position of transects. 20121010 For publication purposes, the baseline file was exported from a personal geodatabase in ArcCatalog v.10 by right-clicking on the geodatabase > Export feature class. 20121016 The baseline shapefile was projected in ESRI's ArcToolbox (v.10) > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Feature > Project. Parameters: input projection - NAD_1983_StatePlane_Massachusetts_Mainland_FIPS_2001; output projection - geographic coordinates (NAD83); transformation - none. 20121116 Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.36 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Attempted to modify http to https where appropriate. Added a landing page link as the first link in the identification section. Fixed online link to DSAS cross-reference. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. 20171011 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. 20180720 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. 20191118 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. 20200908 U.S. Geological Survey VeeAnn A. Cross Marine Geologist Mailing and Physical

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2251 508-457-2310 vatnipp@usgs.gov Vector String 22 0.000001 0.000001 Decimal degrees North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137.000000 298.257222 ElizabethIslands_baseline Vector reference baselines U.S. Geological Survey FID Internal feature number. Esri Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated. Shape Feature geometry. Esri Coordinates defining the features. ID Field required by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) software. DSAS uses this value to determine the ordering sequence of transects when the baseline feature contains multiple segments. Individual segments are numbered sequentially alongshore. U.S. Geological Survey 1 22 OFFshore This field is required if a combination of onshore and offshore baselines are used with the DSAS software. The name of this field is specific, meaning that the field must be called OFFshore and is case-sensitive. It provides positioning information of the baseline relative to the location of the shorelines being used for rate calculations allowing for positive and negative values to appropriately indicate accretion and erosion in the reported rates. U.S. Geological Survey 1 The baseline segment is positioned offshore or seaward of the input shorelines. U.S. Geological Survey 0 The baseline segment is positioned onshore or landward of the input shorelines. U.S. Geological Survey CastDir This field is required in conjunction with OFFshore if a combination of onshore and offshore baselines are used with the DSAS software. The name of this field is specific, meaning the field must be called CastDir, and is case sensitive. Transects originate at the baseline and this attribute field indicates which direction (left or right) to cast the transects based on the start to end vertices of the baseline. U.S. Geological Survey 0 Transects will be cast to the left of the baseline based on directionality from the start vertex of the baseline segment to the last vertex that the ends line segment. U.S. Geological Survey 1 Transects will be cast to the right of the baseline based on directionality from the start vertex of the baseline segment to the last vertex that ends the line segment. U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA 508-457-2350 508-457-2310 Downloadable Data Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Shapefile ArcGIS 10 Esri polyline shapefile This WinZip (version 16.5) file contains a shapefile which includes the baseline for generating shore-normal transects in DSAS. The metadata is also included. Use WinZip or pkUnzip 1 https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2012/1183/data/ElizabethIslands/ElizabethIslands_baseline.zip Data may be downloaded via the World Wide Web (WWW). None This zip file contains data available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) polyline shapefile format. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcExplorer, capable of displaying the data is available from Esri at www.esri.com. 20211116 Theresa L. Smith U.S. Geological Survey Contractor Geologist mailing address

384 Woods Hole Road

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 USA 508-548-8700 508-457-2310 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid. FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time