These transect data were generated using DSAS v.4.2 and the rates were calculated using DSAS v.4.3, an automated software program which does not perform checks for fidelity of the input features. The transects were visually inspected and sometimes manually adjusted within a standard ArcMap edit session to adjust the position at which an individual transect intersected the shorelines.
This dataset contains the transects automatically generated by the DSAS software application that were used to calculate linear regression of long-term shoreline change rates for the region. Shoreline data from 1970-1979 and 1994 were omitted so the rate calculations reported as attributes in this data are based on a subset of the compiled shoreline data available for the region. Additional transects may have been generated but did not intersect the minimum requirement of three shorelines to calculate long-term rates. These data are part of a state-wide assessment of shoreline change that includes over 26,500 individual transect locations that were used to compute both short- and long-term rates of change, based on almost 9200 linear kilometers of historical shoreline position data. It is very likely that some gross errors or blunders were introduced during compilation and analysis of this large amount of information. Such errors have been described in the context of shoreline change mapping as coarse errors (Fenster and others, 2001) and can generally be considered to affect only a very small percentage of the overall dataset.
Fenster, M.S., Dolan, R., and Morton, R.A., 2001, Coastal storms and shoreline change: signal or noise?: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 17, no. 3, p. 714-720.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Transect Features Generated using DSAS v.4.2 in ArcGIS 9.3. Parameters Used: baseline layer=NorthShore_baseline, baseline group field=NULL, transect spacing=50 meters, transect length=200 meters, cast direction=AUTO-DETECT, baseline location=on/off shore, cast method= smoothed baseline, smoothing distance=250 meters, flip baselines=not selected. For additional details on these parameters, please see the DSAS help file distributed with the DSAS software, or visit the USGS website at:
https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20081278.
This process step and all subsequent process steps were performed by Theresa Smith.
Process_Date: 20110922
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Theresa Smith
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Contract Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: theresasmith@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
After transects were generated, it was necessary to edit sections of the baseline using the dynamic topology in DSAS that allows edits to the baseline in a standard ArcMap (v9.3) editing session to update the position of transects if the transect field is enabled in as the target layer in the DSAS (v4.2) toolbar.
Process_Date: 20110922
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
After transects were generated, the entire geodatabase was upgraded to v.10 by right-clicking on the geodatabase and choosing Properties from the pop-up window in ArcCatalog v.10. The Upgrade Geodatabase button was clicked at the bottom of the General tab in the Database Properties window.
Process_Date: 20120206
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The bias and uncertainty data associated with the 2000 lidar shoreline were previously published by the USGS (OFR 2012-1119) and are organized in two separate files for the North Shore region boundaries of this study (NewEnglandN_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf and GreaterBoston_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf ). Therefore, the rate calculations were run twice (once for each uncertainty table) to compute a complete set of bias-corrected rates for the North Shore region.
The NewEnglandN_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf file and the GreaterBoston_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf files were imported to the geodatabase containing the North Shore data. The tables were renamed to match the corresponding shoreline shapefiles (NewEnglandN_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf was renamed NorthShoreA_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf, and GreaterBoston_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf was renamed NorthShoreB_shorelines_uncertainty).
Rate Calculations Performed using DSAS v.4.3 for ArcMap 10 (without the 1970s and 1994 shorelines)for the North Shore A subregion. Parameters Used: shoreline layer=NorthShoreA_shorelines, shoreline date field=Date_, shoreline uncertainty field name=Uncy (additional shoreline data stored in NorthShoreA_shoreline_uncertainty.dbf), the default accuracy=10.8 meters, shoreline intersection parameters=nearest, stats calculations=[Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE), Net Shoreline Movement (NSM), Linear Regression Rate (LRR)], shoreline threshold=3, confidence interval=90%, Output rate table name=NorthShoreA_transects_rates_20121017_095801.dbf.
Process_Date: 20121017
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The shoreline rates output table (NorthShoreA_transects_rates_20121017_095801.dbf) was joined to the transect feature class in ArcMap v.10 by right-clicking on the transect layer > joins and relates > join > join attributes from a table. Parameters: join field - ObjectID; table to join - NorthShoreA_transects_rates_20121017_095801; field in table: TransectID; join options - keep only matching records.
Process_Date: 20121017
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The joined data were exported to a shapefile in ArcMap v.10 by right-clicking the transect file, choosing data > export data. The new shapefile was named NorthShoreA_transects_rates_LTwo.shp and permanently adds the joined rate fields to the transect attribute table. The new shapefile was added to ArcMap and the attribute field was displayed. Transects 923-3957 were deleted from the file, as they extend outside the North Shore A subregion.
Process_Date: 20121017
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Rate Calculations Performed using DSAS v4.3 for ArcMap 10 for the North Shore B subregion. Parameters Used: shoreline layer=NorthShoreB_shorelines, shoreline date field=Date_, shoreline uncertainty field name=Uncy (additional shoreline data stored in NorthShoreB_shoreline_uncertainty.dbf), the default accuracy=10.8 meters, shoreline intersection parameters=nearest, stats calculations=[Shoreline Change Envelope (SCE), Net Shoreline Movement (NSM), Linear Regression Rate (LRR)], shoreline threshold=3, confidence interval=90%, Output rate table name=NorthShoreB_transects_rates_20121017_110658.dbf.
Process_Date: 20121017
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The shoreline rates output table (NorthShoreB_transects_rates_20121017_110658.dbf) was joined to the transect feature class in ArcMap v.10 by right-clicking on the transect layer > joins and relates > join > join attributes from a table. Parameters: join field - ObjectID; table to join - NorthShoreB_transects_rates_20121017_110658; field in table: TransectID; join options - keep only matching records.
Process_Date: 20121017
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The joined data were exported to a shapefile in ArcMap v.10 by right-clicking the transect file, choosing data > export data. The new shapefile was named NorthShoreB_transects_rates_LTwo.shp and permanently adds the joined rate fields to the transect attribute table. The new shapefile was added to ArcMap and the attribute field was displayed. Transects 1-922 were deleted from the file, as they extend outside the North Shore B subregion.
Process_Date: 20121017
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The NorthShoreA_transects_rates_LTwo and NorthShoreB_transects_rates_LTwo feature classes were exported from the personal geodatabase back to a shapefile in ArcCatalog (v.10) by right-clicking on one of the rates files > Export > To Shapefile (multiple). The shapefiles were then merged in Esri's ArcToolbox (v.10), Data Management Tools > General > Merge, to produce one set of results for display and publication purposes encompassing the whole extent of the North Shore region. The file was renamed NorthShore_transects_rates_LTwo.shp
Process_Date: 20121116
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The merged transect shapefile was projected in Esri's ArcToolbox (v.10) > Data Management Tools > Projections and Transformations > Feature > Project. Parameters: input projection - NAD_1983_StatePlane_Massachusetts_Mainland_FIPS_2001; output projection - geographic coordinates (NAD83); transformation - none.
Process_Date: 20121116
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.36 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). Attempted to modify http to https where appropriate. Added a landing page link as the first link in the identification section. Fixed online link to DSAS cross-reference. The distribution format name was modified in an attempt to be more consistent with other metadata files of the same data format. The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent.
Process_Date: 20171012
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section.
Process_Date: 20180720
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description: Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata.
Process_Date: 20191118
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
Process_Date: 20200908
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov