Grayscale GeoTIFF Image of the 1-m Sidescan-Sonar Data From National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H12296 in Block Island Sound (H12296_1MSSS_UTM19.TIF, UTM Zone 19, NAD 83)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Grayscale GeoTIFF Image of the 1-m Sidescan-Sonar Data From National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H12296 in Block Island Sound (H12296_1MSSS_UTM19.TIF, UTM Zone 19, NAD 83)
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), is producing detailed geologic maps of the coastal sea floor. Bathymetric and sidescan-sonar data, originally collected by NOAA for charting purposes, provide a fundamental framework for research and management activities along this part of Block Island Sound, show the composition and terrain of the seabed, and provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat. During June 2012, bottom photographs and surficial sediment data were acquired as part of a ground-truth reconnaissance survey of this area. Interpretations were derived from the multibeam-echosounder, sidescan-sonar, sedimentary, and photographic data collected in Block Island Sound. For more information on the ground-truth survey see <http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2012-002-FA>.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2014, Grayscale GeoTIFF Image of the 1-m Sidescan-Sonar Data From National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H12296 in Block Island Sound (H12296_1MSSS_UTM19.TIF, UTM Zone 19, NAD 83): Open-File Report 2014-1018, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Blackwood, D.S., Glomb, K.A., and Wood, D.A., 2014, Sea-floor geology in northwestern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2014-1018, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: 1 DVD-ROM
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.867700
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.586240
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.367794
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.290282
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1018/data/sidescan/h12296_1msss_utm19.gif (GIF)
    Thumbnail image showing the sidescan sonar imagery produced from data collected during NOAA survey H12296
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 22-Aug-2011
    Ending_Date: 23-Oct-2011
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 7881 x 23332 x 1, type Pixel
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 19
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -69.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
      False_Easting: 500000.000000
      False_Northing: 0.000000
      Planar coordinates are encoded using row and column
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 1.000000
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 1.000000
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    A continuous-coverage sidescan-sonar image of NOAA survey H12296 in UTM Zone 19, NAD83. Data values in this grayscale image range from 0-254; 255 is the 'no data' value.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
    • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Katherine McMullen
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To release a GeoTIFF of the sidescan-sonar data generated during NOAA survey H12296 in Block Island Sound, in UTM Zone 19, NAD83.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Information unavailable from original metadata. (source 1 of 1)
    NOAA, Unpublished Material, H12296 CARIS Dataset.

    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution:
    The original sidescan-sonar data acquired with a Klein 5000 sidescan-sonar system during NOAA survey H12296 aboard launches deployed from the NOAA ship Thomas Jefferson.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2011 (process 1 of 8)
    The sidescan-sonar data were acquired with a Klein 5000 high-speed sidescan-sonar system hull mounted to or towed behind one of two 8.5-m aluminum launches deployed from the NOAA ship Thomas Jefferson. The systems consist of a Klein 5500 towfish, either towed or hull-mounted, a Transceiver/Processing Unit (TPU), and a computer for user interface; has an operating frequency of 455 kHz; and was set to sweep 100 m to either side of the launch tracks. The Klein 5000 system is distinct from other commercially-available side scan sonars in that it forms 5 simultaneous, dynamically-focused receiver beams per transducer face. This improves along-track resolution to approximately 20cm at the 100m range scale, even when acquiring data at up to 10 knots. Across-track resolution is typically 7.5cm at the 100m range scale. The achievable 20cm resolution meets the NOAA Hydrographic Surveys Specifications and Deliverables Manual (HSSDM) for object detection. Klein SONARPRO was used to acquire the Klein 5000 sidescan sonar data; CARIS SIPS (Sidescan Image Processing) software was used to process the sidescan data and to produce a composite sidescan-sonar image at 1-m horizontal resolution and projected into UTM Zone 19 NAD83. Person who carried out this activity:
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    Attn: William Winner
    Field Operations Officer
    439 W. York Street
    Norfolk, VA

    301-683-3227 (voice)
    william.winner@noaa.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • H12296_SSS100.tif
    • H12296_SSS100.tfw
    Date: 2013 (process 2 of 8)
    The image was imported into Adobe Photoshop CS2 in order to apply a linear stretch (i.e., increase the dynamic range of the data), to change image from RGB to 8-bit grayscale, to invert the grayscale to make strong reflections light tones and weak reflections returns darker tones, and to assign a 'NO DATA' value (255). Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • H12296_SSS100.tif
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • h12296_1msss_utm19.tif
    Date: 2013 (process 3 of 8)
    The world (.tfw) file was renamed to match the new GeoTIFF name and GeoTIFFExamine was used to add the georeferencing information to the TIFF making the image a GeoTIFF. Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • h12296_1msss_utm19.tif
    • H12296_SSS100.tfw
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • h12296_1msss_utm19.tif
    • h12296_1msss_utm19.tfw
    Date: 2013 (process 4 of 8)
    ArcToolbox -Data Management Tools - Projections and Transformations - Define Projection Tool was used to define projection as UTM Zone 19 NAD83 in ArcGIS 9.3. Person who carried out this activity:
    Katherine McMullen
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • h12296_1msss_utm19.tif
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • h12296_1msss_utm19.aux
    Date: 07-Dec-2015 (process 5 of 8)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 6 of 8)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 7 of 8)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 8 of 8)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Krepp, Lawrence T., 2011, H12296: Descriptive Report H12296, National Ocean Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Hydrographic Branch, Norfolk, VA.

    Online Links:

    Poppe, L.J., Danforth, W.W., McMullen, K.Y., Blankenship, M.A., Glomb, K.A., Wright, D.B., and Smith, S.M., 2012, Sea-floor character and sedimentary processes of Block Island Sound, offshore Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2012-1005, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: DVD-ROM
    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Blackwood, D.S., Lewit, P.G., and Parker, C.E., 2013, Sea-floor geology in northeastern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2013-1003, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: DVD-ROM

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Navigation was by differential GPS using Trimble DSM212L DGPS receivers (accurate to <1m). Layback corrections were applied to the data during processing.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    All collected data were processed and used to produce this dataset.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No additional checks for consistency were performed on this data.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of this information.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Larry Poppe
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole Road, MA

    508-548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS, or NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This image is available as a GeoTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. The user must have software capable of uncompressing archived zip files, such as WinZip or Pkware.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 16-Nov-2021
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey
Attn: Katherine McMullen
Field and Laboratory Technician
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA

508-548-8700 x2277 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid.
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2014-1018/h12296_1msss_utm19.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Nov 16 10:06:51 2021