Color Shaded-Relief GeoTIFF Image Showing the 2-m Bathymetry Generated from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H12296 in Block Island Sound (H12296_MB2M_GEO.TIF, Geographic, WGS 84)

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Color Shaded-Relief GeoTIFF Image Showing the 2-m Bathymetry Generated from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H12296 in Block Island Sound (H12296_MB2M_GEO.TIF, Geographic, WGS 84)
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), is producing detailed geologic maps of the coastal sea floor. Bathymetric and sidescan-sonar data, originally collected by NOAA for charting purposes, provide a fundamental framework for research and management activities along this part of Block Island Sound, show the composition and terrain of the seabed, and provide information on sediment transport and benthic habitat. During June 2012, bottom photographs and surficial sediment data were acquired as part of a ground-truth reconnaissance survey of this area. Interpretations were derived from the multibeam-echosounder, sidescan-sonar, sedimentary, and photographic data collected in Block Island Sound. For more information on the ground-truth survey see <http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/ia/public_ds_info.php?fa=2012-002-FA>.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2014, Color Shaded-Relief GeoTIFF Image Showing the 2-m Bathymetry Generated from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H12296 in Block Island Sound (H12296_MB2M_GEO.TIF, Geographic, WGS 84): Open-File Report 2014-1018, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Blackwood, D.S., Glomb, K.A., and Wood, D.A., 2014, Sea-floor geology in northwestern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2014-1018, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: DVD-ROM
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.870337
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.574009
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.406035
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.248133
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2014/1018/data/bathy/geotifs/geo/h12296_mb2m_geo.gif (GIF)
    Thumbnail image of the GeoTIFF showing the 2-m color hill-shaded bathymetry collected during NOAA survey H12296 in geographic, WGS84
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 22-Aug-2011
    Ending_Date: 23-Oct-2011
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 8773 x 16464 x 1, type Pixel
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000021. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000021. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    There are no attributes associated with the GeoTIFF image. Pixel values convey RGB values of individual cells. Warmer colors (e.g. red) are shallower depths; cooler colors (blues and purples) are deeper. NODATA values are white (255-255-255).
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
    • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Katherine McMullen
    Field and Laboratory Technician
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    kmcmullen@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To release a color shaded-relief GeoTIFF of the 2-m bathymetry generated from NOAA survey H12296 in Block Island Sound in geographic, WGS 84 coordinates.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    Information unavailable from original metadata. (source 1 of 1)
    National Ocean Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Unpublished Material, H12296 bathymetry.

    Type_of_Source_Media: disc
    Source_Contribution: Original processed multibeam bathymetric data.
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2011 (process 1 of 8)
    Bathymetric data were acquired in extended Triton data format (XTF) and recorded digitally through an ISIS data acquisition system. A RESON SeaBat 7125 multibeam echosounder, with a frequency of 400 kHz, was used to collect MBES data on the Thomas Jefferson and both survey launches. All positioning and attitude were determined with Trimble DSM212L DGPS receivers and Applanix POS/MV Model 320 v.4 inertial navigation systems. The data were processed using CARIS HIPS (Hydrographic Image Processing System) software for quality control, and to incorporate sound velocity and tidal corrections. Sound velocity corrections were derived using frequent SEACAT CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) profiles. Typically, a CTD cast was conducted every three to four hours of multibeam acquisition. Tidal zone corrections were calculated from data acquired at the Newport, Rhode Island, New London, Connecticut, and Montauk, New York tidal gauges. The vertical resolution of the multibeam data is approximately 0.5% of the water depth. The data were gridded to 2-m resolution and saved as a CARIS HIPS database. Vertical datum is mean lower low water; X and Y units are meters; UTM Zone 19, NAD83. Person who carried out this activity:
    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
    Attn: William Winner
    Field Operations Officer
    439 West York Street
    Norfolk, VA
    USA

    (301) 683-3227 (voice)
    william.winner@noaa.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • CARIS HIPS database
    Date: 2013 (process 2 of 8)
    Using CARIS HIPS v7.1.1: Opened the CARIS project files provided by NOAA and created new Fieldsheet 'H12296_UTM19' and a new swath BASE surface '2m_bathyUTM19' with the selected survey tracklines (note, crosslines and tielines were not included in the final BASE surface). Two iterations of the interpolation algorithm within CARIS HIPS were run in a effort to fill small gaps in the dataset. Note some large gaps still occur where there was not 100% overlapping coverage collected with the multibeam system. This process step and all subsequent steps were done by the same person, Seth Ackerman. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Seth Ackerman
    GIS Specialist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • CARIS HIPS database
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • 2m_bathy_Interp2.csar
    • H12296_UTM19
    Date: 2013 (process 3 of 8)
    Using CARIS BASE Editor v4.0.5: Opened the BASE Surface 2m_bathy_Interp2.csar, and projected the view to Geographic (Lat/Lon) WGS84. Then exported View... to GeoTIFF format (options: Ground Resolution 2m, Image Depth 24 Bit, Background Colour White (255,255,255)). Sun illumination was from the northeast at 45 degrees above the horizon. Vertical exaggeration is 5x. Person who carried out this activity:
    Seth Ackerman
    U.S. Geological Survey
    GIS Specialist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2315 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    sackerman@usgs.gov
    Data sources used in this process:
    • 2m_bathy_Interp2.csar
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • h12296_mb2m_geo.tif
    Date: 2013 (process 4 of 8)
    Using GeoTIFFExamine (no version): Created a TFW for the GeoTIFF. Data sources used in this process:
    • h12296_mb2m_geo.tif
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • h12296_mb2m_geo.tfw
    Date: 07-Dec-2015 (process 5 of 8)
    Edits to the metadata were made to fix any errors that MP v 2.9.32 flagged. This is necessary to enable the metadata to be successfully harvested for various data catalogs. In some cases, this meant adding text "Information unavailable" or "Information unavailable from original metadata" for those required fields that were left blank. Other minor edits were probably performed (title, publisher, publication place, etc.). The metadata date (but not the metadata creator) was edited to reflect the date of these changes. The metadata available from a harvester may supersede metadata bundled within a download file. Compare the metadata dates to determine which metadata file is most recent. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Rd
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 20-Jul-2018 (process 6 of 8)
    USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 18-Nov-2019 (process 7 of 8)
    Crossref DOI link was added as the first link in the metadata. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
    Date: 08-Sep-2020 (process 8 of 8)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Krepp, Lawrence T., 2011, H12296: Descriptive Report H12296, National Ocean Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Atlantic Hydrographic Branch, Norfolk, VA.

    Online Links:

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Haupt, T.A., and Crocker, J.M., 2009, Sidescan-sonar imagery and surficial geologic interpretations of the sea floor in western Rhode Island Sound: Open-File Report 2008-1181, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Denny, J.F., Haupt, T.A., and Crocker, J.M., 2008, Sidescan-sonar imagery and surficial geologic interpretations of the sea floor in central Rhode Island Sound: Open-File Report 2007-1366, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Poppe, L.J., Danforth, W.W., McMullen, K.Y., Blankenship, M.A., Glomb, K.A., Wright, D.B., and Smith, S.M., 2012, Sea-floor character and sedimentary processes of Block Island Sound, offshore Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2012-1005, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Blackwood, D.S., Schaer, J.D., Nadeau, M.A., and Wood, D.A., 2011, Surficial geology of the sea floor in central Rhode Island Sound southeast of Point Judith, Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2011-1005, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: DVD-ROM
    McMullen, K.Y., Poppe, L.J., Ackerman, S.D., Blackwood, D.S., Lewit, P.G., and Parker, C.E., 2013, Sea-floor geology in northeastern Block Island Sound, Rhode Island: Open-File Report 2013-1003, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details: DVD-ROM

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Navigation was by differential GPS using Trimble DSM212L DGPS receivers (accurate to <1m). CARIS HIPS was used to process bathymetry data including correcting for vessel offset.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    The vertical resolution of the bathymetry data is approximately 0.5% of the water depth. Although there are no depth attributes associated with the GeoTIFF image, pixel values convey RGB values of individual cells. Warmer colors (e.g. red) are shallower depths; cooler colors are deeper.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    All collected data were processed and used to produce this dataset.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No additional checks for consistency were performed on this data.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Data are not to be used for navigation purposes. Public domain data are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the originators of this information.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Larry Poppe
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    USA

    (508) 548-8700 x2314 (voice)
    (508) 457-2310 (FAX)
    lpoppe@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Downloadable Data
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS or NOAA in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    This image is available as a GeoTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image. The user must have software capable of uncompressing archived zip files, such as WinZip or Pkware.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 16-Nov-2021
Metadata author:
Katherine McMullen
U.S. Geological Survey
Sediment Lab Technician
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, MA
USA

(508) 548-8700 x2277 (voice)
(508) 457-2310 (FAX)
whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov
Contact_Instructions:
The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the metadata contact is no longer with the USGS or the email is otherwise invalid.
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/whcmsc/open_file_report/ofr2014-1018/h12296_mb2m_geo.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.50 on Tue Nov 16 10:06:51 2021