Metadata: Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Swath bathymetry 13-m-cell-size grid of quadrangle 6 on Stellwagen Bank offshore of Boston, Massachusetts collected by the U.S. Geological Survey aboard the Frederick G. Creed from 1994-1996 (custom Mercator projection, NAD 83, Esri binary grid format) Edition: 1 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data Series_Information: Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: 3341 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3341 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sim3341 Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Originator: Leslie B. Gallea Publication_Date: 2015 Title: Seabed maps showing topography, ruggedness, backscatter intensity, sediment mobility, and the distribution of geologic substrates in quadrangle 6 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region offshore of Boston, Massachusetts Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: 3341 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3341 Online_Linkage: https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sim3341 Description: Abstract: The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Sanctuary Program, has conducted seabed mapping and related research in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region since 1993. The area is approximately 3,700 square kilometers (km2) and is subdivided into 18 quadrangles. Seven maps, at a scale of 1:25,000, of quadrangle 6 (211 km2) depict seabed topography, backscatter, ruggedness, geology, substrate mobility, mud content, and areas dominated by fine-grained or coarse-grained sand. Interpretations of bathymetric and seabed backscatter imagery, photographs, video, and grain-size analyses were used to create the geology-based maps. In all, data from 420 stations were analyzed, including sediment samples from 325 locations. The seabed geology map shows the distribution of 10 substrate types ranging from boulder ridges to immobile, muddy sand to mobile, rippled sand. Substrate types are defined on the basis of sediment grain-size composition, surficial morphology, sediment layering, and the mobility or immobility of substrate surfaces. This map series is intended to portray the major geological elements (substrates, features, processes) of environments within quadrangle 6. Additionally, these maps will be the basis for the study of the ecological requirements of invertebrate and vertebrate species that utilize these substrates and guide seabed management in the region. Purpose: The purpose of this dataset is to release the 13-meter by 13-meter cell-size bathymetry grid that was used as the basis for analysis and used to generate several subsequent datasets, some of which are released in other publications (1-m contours, terrain ruggedness) in quadrangle 6 of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 1994 Ending_Date: 1996 Currentness_Reference: ground condition Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.222299 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.033471 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.322320 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.202807 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier Theme_Keyword: USGS:2a27098b-d9ff-4edb-9954-f775483cbffe Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: sea-floor topography Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: Simrad EM1000 Theme_Keyword: Frederick G. Creed Theme_Keyword: swath bathymetry Theme_Keyword: Esri binary grid Theme_Keyword: raster Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme_Keyword: elevation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: bathymetry Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: multibeam sonar Theme_Keyword: marine geophysics Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Place_Keyword: U.S. east coast Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: Not to be used for navigation. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/data/bathy/q6_bathy.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Thumbnail images showing the 13-meter bathymetry grid in quadrangle 6 on Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Data_Set_Credit: Public domain data from the U.S. government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the source of this information. Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows Vista Version 6.1 (Build 7601) Service Pack 1; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.3.1.4095 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Originator: Tanya S. Unger Originator: Jessica L. Baker Originator: Christopher F. Polloni Publication_Date: 1999 Title: Sun-illuminated sea floor topographic maps and perspective-view imagery of quadrangles 1-18, Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts Series_Information: Series_Name: Open-File Report Issue_Identification: 99-363 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of99-363/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine, editor Publication_Date: 2005 Title: Sea floor image maps showing topography, sun-illuminated topography, backscatter intensity, ruggedness, slope, and the distribution of boulder ridges and bedrock outcrops in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts Series_Information: Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map Issue_Identification: 2840 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/ Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: Bradford Butman Originator: Page C. Valentine Originator: Tammie J. Middleton Originator: William W. Danforth Publication_Date: 2007 Title: A GIS library of multibeam data for Massachusetts Bay and the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, offshore of Boston, Massachusetts Series_Information: Series_Name: Data Series Issue_Identification: 99 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/99/ Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: The original bathymetry data were acquired and processed in a consistent manner. Although several individuals were responsible for processing the data, each individual followed the established processing techniques. Completeness_Report: These data represent all the bathymetry data available in quadrangle 6 of the Stellwagen Bank study area. These represent a more "raw" version of the data that has not undergone extensive smoothing. There are some small gaps of no data within the grid. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: These data were navigated with a differential global positioning system (DGPS) with an assumed accuracy of +/- 10 meters. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: These data have been corrected for vessel motion (roll, pitch, heave, yaw) and tidal offsets, and referenced to mean lower low water. The manufacturer reported vertical resolution of the Simrad EM-1000 multibeam echo sounder is 1% of water depth, which is better than 2 m given the depths within the study area (~30 to 184 meters). Data were corrected for tidal elevation using the NOAA Boston tide gauge. Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Initial data collection and processing is described in Valentine and others 1999, Valentine 2005, and Butman and others, 2007. A summary of that information is presented here. Surveying was conducted aboard the Canadian Hydrographic Service vessel Frederick G. Creed using a hull mounted multibeam echo sounder. These data were collected using a Simrad Subsea EM1000 operating at 95 kHz. SwathEd software (version unknown) developed by the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick, was used to process the bathymetric and navigation data. The processing included editing the data to remove spurious points as well as incorporate tidal corrections. Processing took place over a span of time, 1994 to 1996. Process_Date: 1996 Process_Step: Process_Description: The remaining process steps are a function of incorporating information from the previous publications (noted in cross-references), along with processing notes maintained during data processing. The final SwathEd-produced file (based on a 10-meter-grid-cell size) was converted to an ASCII file using the University of New Brunswick script r4toASCII. The format of the ASCII file is latitude, longitude, and depth. The ASCII file was converted to an ArcInfo ungenerate format using a Perl script. The resulting format is ID, longitude, latitude, and negative depth. Each point has a unique ID value. Using ArcInfo 7.03, the ungenerate format was converted to a coverage format using the 'convert to arc' from 'generate tool' available in ArcTools. The 'build' command with the point option was then used to convert the data to a point coverage. This procedure generates the point locations stored in the ungenerate file, but does not incorporate the depth values. In order to include depth, the ungenerate file - which has location as well as depth - was converted to an ArcInfo table, using 'Tables' in ArcInfo. The structure of the ArcInfo table was defined to include the ID, longitude, latitude, and depth in the appropriate format and size. Longitude and latitude were defined as floating point numbers with six decimal places, while depth was defined as a floating point number with two decimal places. To add the depth value to the point coverage, ArcInfo 'Tables' was used to join the point attribute table (pat) of the coverage to the newly-generated data table based on the ID value. In order to join the tables, the data table ID field had to be renamed to match the automatically assigned coverage ID field. The projection of the point coverage was defined in ArcInfo with the PROJECTDEFINE command and the following parameters: Projection Geographic; Datum NAD83; Units DD; Spheroid GRS80. This process was performed by Jessica Baker in 1997. Then the coverage was projected to the custom Mercator projection using the ArcInfo PROJECT command with the following options: Projection Mercator; Datum NAD83, Spheroid GRS1980; Units Meters; Longitude of Central Meridian -70degrees 19minutes; Latitude of true scale 41degrees 39minutes; False Easting 0; False northing 0. This process was performed by Jessica Baker in 1997. The final step was to convert the points to a grid. This was accomplished using the ArcInfo 'pointgrid' command. The depth attribute was gridded at a cell size of 13 meters, and the background value was set to nodata. This final processing step was performed in 1997, and then again by Tammie Middleton in 2001 and is the grid presented here. The 13-meter cell-size was chosen because it appeared to be the best cell size to avoid striping in the data when processing with the SwathEd software. Process_Date: 2001 Process_Step: Process_Description: Metadata for the original 13-m-cell-size grid was written to enable releasing the data as part of a USGS publication. The original work on Stellwagen Bank was based on 18 individual quadrangles, and the 13-m grid was the foundation of much of the subsequent work that appears on maps of the Stellwagen Bank area. The information used to generate metadata was based on previous publications, the extensive data processing log prepared by Tanya Unger and Jessica Baker, as well as the individual log files generated during ArcInfo data processing. Process_Date: 2012 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: USGS Thesaurus keywords added to the keyword section. Process_Date: 20180720 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Process_Date: 20200908 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster Raster_Object_Information: Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell Row_Count: 1031 Column_Count: 1210 Vertical_Count: 1 Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Map_Projection: Map_Projection_Name: Mercator Mercator: Standard_Parallel: 41.650000 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -70.316667 False_Easting: 0.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: 13.000000 Ordinate_Resolution: 13.000000 Planar_Distance_Units: meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition: Depth_System_Definition: Depth_Datum_Name: Mean lower low water Depth_Resolution: 0.01 Depth_Distance_Units: meters Depth_Encoding_Method: Implicit coordinate Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: These values represent depth. The more negative the value, the deeper the water. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Resource_Description: SIM3341_13mbathy.zip - This file contains the Esri binary grid of the bathymetry data (q6_13mbathy), along with FGDC compliant metadata and the browse graphic q6_bathy.jpg. The binary grid is comprised of two folders - info and q6_13mbathy, each having numerous files. These combine to make the Esri binary grid format. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the U.S. Geological Survey, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: ARCG Format_Information_Content: The WinZip contains the two folders associated with the Esri binary grid, as well as the browse graphic and associated metadata. File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip Transfer_Size: 2.5 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3341/data/bathy/SIM3341_13mbathy.zip Fees: None Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available as an ArcInfo 32-bit floating point binary grid in Esri format. The user must have a program capable of reading the Esri grid data format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing archived zip files, such as WinZip or Pkware. The directory structure as it appears in the WinZip file must be maintained or else the binary grid is unusable. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20240318 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov Contact_Instructions: The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. (updated on 20240318) Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time