<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<metadata>
  <idinfo>
    <citation>
      <citeinfo>
        <origin>Ray W. Sliter</origin>
        <origin>James E. Conrad</origin>
        <origin>Holly F. Ryan</origin>
        <origin>Peter J. Triezenberg</origin>
        <pubdate>2017</pubdate>
        <title>Minisparker seismic-reflection data collected offshore of San Diego and Los Angeles Counties, southern California, from 2011-06-08 to 2011-06-22 (USGS field activity S-7-11-SC)</title>
        <geoform>minisparker seismic-reflection data in SEG-Y format</geoform>
        <serinfo>
          <sername>data release</sername>
          <issue>DOI:10.5066/F7SF2TCV</issue>
        </serinfo>
        <pubinfo>
          <pubplace>Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA</pubplace>
          <publish>U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <onlink>https://doi.org/10.5066/F7SF2TCV</onlink>
      </citeinfo>
    </citation>
    <descript>
      <abstract>This dataset includes raw and processed, high-resolution seismic-reflection data collected in 2011 to collect information on active offshore faults. The survey area is offshore southern California between Long Beach and San Diego. The data were collected aboard the U.S. Geological Survey R/V Parke Snavely. The seismic-reflection data were acquired using a SIG 2mille minisparker system. Subbottom acoustic penetration spanned tens to several hundreds of meters, variable by location and equipment type.</abstract>
      <purpose>The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collected high-resolution seismic-reflection in June 2011, between Long Beach and San Diego, southern California. The survey was designed to image faults and folds associated with movement on the numerous faults offshore southern California, including the Newport-Inglewood, Palos Verdes, Coronado Bank, San Pedro Basin, San Diego Trough, and several other unnamed fault zones. This data can be used to update the USGS Quaternary fault database and in shaking hazard models developed by the Working Group for California Earthquake probabilities. This work was funded by the USGS Coastal and Marine Catastrophic Hazards Project. Data were collected aboard the USGS R/V Parke Snavely. Approximately 331 km of single-channel seismic-reflection data were acquired, mainly using a SIG 2mille minisparker. About 204 km of data were collected simultaneously using an EdgeTech Chirp 512 [DOI:10.5066/F7X63K3K]. Subbottom acoustic penetration spanned tens to several hundreds of meters, variable by location. This dataset also includes navigation files of the surveyed transects. The images of bedrock, sediment deposits and tectonic structure provide geologic information that is essential to hazard assessment, regional sediment management and coastal and marine spatial planning at Federal, State and local levels, as well as to future research on the geomorphic, sedimentary, tectonic and climatic record of Southern California.</purpose>
      <supplinf>Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=S0711SC .
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.</supplinf>
    </descript>
    <timeperd>
      <timeinfo>
        <rngdates>
          <begdate>20110608</begdate>
          <enddate>20110622</enddate>
        </rngdates>
      </timeinfo>
      <current>ground condition at the time the data were collected</current>
    </timeperd>
    <status>
      <progress>Complete</progress>
      <update>As needed</update>
    </status>
    <spdom>
      <bounding>
        <westbc>-118.45020</westbc>
        <eastbc>-117.33957</eastbc>
        <northbc>33.54561</northbc>
        <southbc>32.92887</southbc>
      </bounding>
    </spdom>
    <keywords>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Metadata Identifier</themekt>
        <themekey>USGS:d5a43913-1bc3-44f6-8135-c7910d6765af</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>Global Change Master Directory (GCMD)</themekt>
        <themekey>Bathymetry</themekey>
        <themekey>Continental Margins</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>ISO 19115 Topic Category</themekt>
        <themekey>geoscientificInformation</themekey>
        <themekey>oceans</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>USGS Thesaurus</themekt>
        <themekey>sub-bottom profiling</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords</themekt>
        <themekey>seismic reflection profiling</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>Data Categories for Marine Planning</themekt>
        <themekey>Bathymetry and Elevation</themekey>
      </theme>
      <theme>
        <themekt>None</themekt>
        <themekey>minisparker</themekey>
        <themekey>U.S. Geological Survey</themekey>
        <themekey>USGS</themekey>
        <themekey>Coastal and Marine Geology Program</themekey>
        <themekey>CMG</themekey>
        <themekey>CMGP</themekey>
        <themekey>Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center</themekey>
        <themekey>PCMSC</themekey>
      </theme>
      <place>
        <placekt>Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)</placekt>
        <placekey>Pacific Ocean</placekey>
        <placekey>State of California</placekey>
        <placekey>San Diego County</placekey>
        <placekey>Los Angeles County</placekey>
        <placekey>Long Beach</placekey>
        <placekey>San Diego</placekey>
      </place>
    </keywords>
    <accconst>None.</accconst>
    <useconst>USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This information is not intended for navigational purposes.</useconst>
    <ptcontac>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>PCMSC Science Data Coordinator</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>2885 Mission Street</address>
          <city>Santa Cruz</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>95060</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>831-427-4747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>pcmsc_data@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </ptcontac>
    <native>SEG-Y Rev 1</native>
  </idinfo>
  <dataqual>
    <attracc>
      <attraccr>Identified as best available version.</attraccr>
    </attracc>
    <logic>Subbottom data were collected during USGS cruise S-07-11-SC using a SIG 2mille minisparker system consisting of a hydrophone streamer, high-voltage power supply and discharge sparker tips. Quality control was conducted during the collection process.</logic>
    <complete>Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.</complete>
    <posacc>
      <horizpa>
        <horizpar>Position data were provided by a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) navigation receiver. The SIG 2mille hydrophone streamer and sparker electrodes were deployed 20m behind the DGPS receiver. Layback is estimated to be 20 ± 5m. No layback correction from the DGPS receiver position was applied to navigation data.</horizpar>
      </horizpa>
      <vertacc>
        <vertaccr>Depths shown in the seismic data files are in milliseconds (round trip travel time) and are referenced to sea level.  Vertical resolution is approximately 1 millisecond and vertical accuracy is approximately ±4 milliseconds depending on sea state.</vertaccr>
      </vertacc>
    </posacc>
    <lineage>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Seismic-reflection data were collected using a minisparker system that creates an acoustic signal by discharging a 500-Joule, high-voltage electrical pulse between electrodes and a ground that generates a frequency spectrum roughly between 200 and 1,600 Hz. At boat speeds of 4 to 4.5 nm/hour, seismic traces were collected roughly every 1 to 2 meters. The data were recorded on a 15-m-long hydrophone streamer in standard SEG-Y 32-bit floating-point format with Triton Subbottom Logger (SBL) software that merges seismic-reflection data with differential GPS navigation data.</procdesc>
        <procdate>2011</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Seismic-reflection SEG-Y files were corrected for swell effects using Sioseis software (see: http://sioseis.ucsd.edu/procs.html):
1) SEG-Y header cdp numbers were defined using the "header" Sioseis processes, and a band pass filter was applied;
2) Water-bottom time/shot-point pairs where created and added to the headers to guide the automated swell correction;
3) A swell filter was applied to the data; and
4) A 120- to 800-Hz bandpass filter, direct-arrival mute and agc were applied, and the results were exported as a processed SEG-Y file.</procdesc>
        <procdate>2011</procdate>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20201019</procdate>
        <proccont>
          <cntinfo>
            <cntorgp>
              <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
              <cntper>VeeAnn A. Cross</cntper>
            </cntorgp>
            <cntpos>Marine Geologist</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
              <addrtype>Mailing and Physical</addrtype>
              <address>384 Woods Hole Road</address>
              <city>Woods Hole</city>
              <state>MA</state>
              <postal>02543-1598</postal>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>508-548-8700 x2251</cntvoice>
            <cntfax>508-457-2310</cntfax>
            <cntemail>vatnipp@usgs.gov</cntemail>
          </cntinfo>
        </proccont>
      </procstep>
      <procstep>
        <procdesc>Data were moved to a new repository, and metadata was edited to reflect the new location. Other edits were performed as needed to bring the metadata up to PCMSC standards, including a slight rewording of the title. No data were changed.</procdesc>
        <procdate>20210831</procdate>
        <proccont>
          <cntinfo>
            <cntorgp>
              <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey</cntorg>
              <cntper>Susan A Cochran</cntper>
            </cntorgp>
            <cntpos>Geologist</cntpos>
            <cntaddr>
              <addrtype>Mailing and Physical</addrtype>
              <address>2885 Mission Street</address>
              <city>Santa Cruz</city>
              <state>CA</state>
              <postal>95060</postal>
            </cntaddr>
            <cntvoice>831-460-7545</cntvoice>
            <cntemail>scochran@usgs.gov</cntemail>
          </cntinfo>
        </proccont>
      </procstep>
    </lineage>
  </dataqual>
  <spdoinfo>
    <indspref>Horizontal X and Y locations for the seismic profile locations are provided in ASCII position files and are stored in the SEG-Y data trace headers in the standard header locations.</indspref>
  </spdoinfo>
  <spref>
    <horizsys>
      <geograph>
        <latres>0.00001</latres>
        <longres>0.00001</longres>
        <geogunit>Decimal degrees</geogunit>
      </geograph>
      <geodetic>
        <horizdn>D_WGS_84</horizdn>
        <ellips>WGS_84</ellips>
        <semiaxis>6378137.0</semiaxis>
        <denflat>298.257223563</denflat>
      </geodetic>
    </horizsys>
    <vertdef>
      <depthsys>
        <depthdn>Local surface</depthdn>
        <depthres>0.1</depthres>
        <depthdu>meters</depthdu>
        <depthem>Attribute values</depthem>
      </depthsys>
    </vertdef>
  </spref>
  <eainfo>
    <overview>
      <eaover>Navigation and Seismic Shots with Time Stamp in standard SEG-Y file format</eaover>
      <eadetcit>Society of Exploration Geophysicists (SEG) Technical Standards, available for download at http://seg.org/Publications/SEG-Technical-Standards</eadetcit>
    </overview>
  </eainfo>
  <distinfo>
    <distrib>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntorgp>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey - CMGDS</cntorg>
        </cntorgp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
          <address>2885 Mission Street</address>
          <city>Santa Cruz</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>95060</postal>
          <country>USA</country>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>1-831-427-4747</cntvoice>
      </cntinfo>
    </distrib>
    <resdesc>S-07-11-SC.scs.sparker.zip – this zip file contains raw and swell-corrected high-resolution seismic-reflection (SEG-Y) and navigation (ASCII) data collected during PCMSC field activity S-07-11-SC. The data are divided up and presented by navigation line, as reflected in the individual file name(s).</resdesc>
    <distliab>Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.</distliab>
    <stdorder>
      <digform>
        <digtinfo>
          <formname>SEG-Y</formname>
          <formvern>SEG-Y rev 1</formvern>
          <formcont>Zip file contains the raw and swell-corrected seismic data per navigation line</formcont>
          <filedec>Winzip, 7-zip, or Winrar are free software that will open .zip files</filedec>
          <transize>10685</transize>
        </digtinfo>
        <digtopt>
          <onlinopt>
            <computer>
              <networka>
                <networkr>https://doi.org/10.5066/F7SF2TCV</networkr>
              </networka>
            </computer>
          </onlinopt>
        </digtopt>
      </digform>
      <fees>None</fees>
    </stdorder>
  </distinfo>
  <metainfo>
    <metd>20210913</metd>
    <metc>
      <cntinfo>
        <cntperp>
          <cntper>PCMSC Science Data Coordinator</cntper>
          <cntorg>U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center</cntorg>
        </cntperp>
        <cntaddr>
          <addrtype>mailing and physical</addrtype>
          <address>2885 Mission St.</address>
          <city>Santa Cruz</city>
          <state>CA</state>
          <postal>95060</postal>
        </cntaddr>
        <cntvoice>831-427-4747</cntvoice>
        <cntemail>pcmsc_data@usgs.gov</cntemail>
      </cntinfo>
    </metc>
    <metstdn>Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata</metstdn>
    <metstdv>FGDC-STD-001-1998</metstdv>
  </metainfo>
</metadata>
