Jenna C. Hill SeanPaul M. La Selle Janet T. Watt Nora M. Nieminski Alicia F. Balster-Gee Peter Dal Ferro Jason S. Padgett Daniel C. Powers Rachel K. Marcuson George R. Snyder 20250326 TIFF format images data release DOI:10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Jenna C. Hill SeanPaul M. La Selle Janet T. Watt Nora M. Nieminski Alicia F. Balster-Gee Peter Dal Ferro Jason S. Padgett Daniel C. Powers Rachel K. Marcuson George R. Snyder 2025 data release DOI:10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested Citation: Hill, J.C., La Selle, S.M., Watt, J.W., Nieminski, N.M., Balster-Gee, A.F., Dal Ferro, P., Padgett, J.S., Powers, D.C., Marcuson, R.K., and Snyder, G.R., 2025, Sediment core data from offshore Cascadia during field activity 2022-653-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q This dataset includes photographs (line scan images) of sediment cores collected in Cascadia (offshore northern California, Oregon, and Washington) aboard the MV Bold Horizon September 2022. As part of a multi-year project focused on characterizing offshore marine geohazards (tsunamis, earthquakes, and landslides), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program is conducting research offshore northern California, Oregon, and Washington to gain a better understanding of the geologic hazards of the region, improve risk assessments for local communities and critical infrastructure, and to provide data for future research on regional tectonic, sedimentary, and geomorphic evolution. Sediment cores were collected to enable a detailed investigation of Cascadia's geologic history and ongoing activity. Supplemental_Information: Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022-653-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 20220918 20250117 Ground conditions at time data were collected Complete None planned -125.215927 -124.723058 41.711749 41.374695 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:bcc04d6a-62da-48d0-a2cf-1c94dda84c23 USGS Thesaurus core analysis ocean processes sediment transport geospatial datasets ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans geoscientificInformation Data Categories for Marine Planning substrate Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords sediment None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Department of the Interior DOI field activity number 2022-653-FA Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Pacific Ocean State of California State of Oregon State of Washington Humboldt County Eureka No access constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

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Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov photo_preview.jpg Example line scan image of a section of core JPC-02. JPEG Line scan photographs were obtained with a Geotek Linescan V camera system. Jenna C. Hill SeanPaul M. La Selle Janet T. Watt Nora M. Nieminski Alicia F. Balster-Gee Peter Dal Ferro Jason S. Padgett Daniel C. Powers Rachel K. Marcuson George R. Snyder 2025 Hill, J.C., La Selle, S.M., Watt, J.W., Nieminski, N.M., Balster-Gee, A.F., Dal Ferro, P., Padgett, J.S., Powers, D.C., Marcuson, R.K., and Snyder, G.R., 2025, Sediment core data from offshore Cascadia during field activity 2022-653-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q. https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Quality control of attribute accuracy was conducted during field data collection and processing workflows. No formal logical consistency tests were conducted. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to carefully read the rest of the metadata record for additional details. Core depth values are relative to the top of sediment in the uppermost core section. Coring-induced compaction, if any, was not determined. No formal vertical accuracy tests were conducted. Cores were collected aboard MV Bold Horizon using a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) jumbo piston corer (JPC) and trigger core (TC) on cruise 2022-653-FA. The JPC system consisted of a 2500-lb head weight, 3.43-inch diameter barrel, and polybutyrate liner. The JPC trigger arm was set up to collect a trigger core (TC) associated with each JPC (if successful). JPCs were extruded and sectioned (150 cm) at sea. The cores were then transported back to the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center. 2022 Cores were segmented into 150 cm (or shorter) sections and split down the middle into "working" and "archive" semi-circle halves in the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center core lab. Sediment surfaces were cleaned and smoothed on the "working" halves of split cores. A Geotek V Line scan Imaging system mounted to a Geotek Multisensor Core Logger (MSCL) was used to automate continuous downcore photography. A prime lens with a 50 mm focal length was mounted 38.6 cm above the core surface. Cross polarized light emitting diodes (LED) were used to illuminate the sediment surface. Colors were calibrated in the Geotek Line scan software using an 18 percent gray card and images were acquired at an aperture of f4.07 and exposure time of 40 milliseconds. Each image file corresponds to an individual color photograph of a core segment in 16-bit RGB TIFF format, along with proprietary metadata files containing image scaling information. File names correspond to the names of each core segment. For example '2022_653_FA_JPC02_02.tif' corresponds to the second segment of the jumbo piston core 'JPC02'. A list of line scan core photo TIFF images is included in this data release in the 2022-653-FA_cores.csv file (Hill and others (2025)). 2022 Line scan core photo TIFF images were renamed for consistency with other datasets in this data release (Hill and others (2025)). 2025 Point Point 6 Local surface 0.1 centimeters Attribute values 2022-653-FA_core_photos.zip A zip file containing 142 16-bit RGB TIFF files of core photographs and their respective software-proprietary XML files. Producer defined Line scan metadata XML files These Geotek software-proprietary Extensible Markup Language (XML) files contain information on line scan acquisition settings and image scaling information. Each line scan TIFF file is accompanied by an XML file with the same filename. The following attributes and example attribute values are provided from 2022_653_FA_JPC02.xml <geotek-image> <image-type>giRulerImage</image-type> <coreID>2022_653_FA_JPC02</coreID> <section-number>02</section-number> <image-number>1</image-number> <physical-width>9.62</physical-width> <physical-height>151.20</physical-height> <physical-top>140.40</physical-top> <pixels-per-scan>5</pixels-per-scan> <pixels-per-CM>200</pixels-per-CM> <horizontal-resolution>200</horizontal-resolution> <exposure-time-ms>40</exposure-time-ms> <calibration-aperture>4.63</calibration-aperture> <image-aperture>4.07</image-aperture> <red-high-calibration>18.0</red-high-calibration> <green-high-calibration>18.0</green-high-calibration> <blue-high-calibration>18.0</blue-high-calibration> <red-low-calibration>0.0</red-low-calibration> <green-low-calibration>0.0</green-low-calibration> <blue-low-calibration>0.0</blue-low-calibration> <pixel-width>1924</pixel-width> <scan-lines>30280</scan-lines> <filename>2022_653_FA_JPC02_02.tif</filename> <geotek-camera-lighting version="2" mode="visible" bank2cluster1="0" bank2cluster2="0" bank2cluster3="0" bank2cluster4="0" bank1cluster1="0" bank1cluster2="0" bank1cluster3="0" bank1cluster4="0" /> <convg-x-red>0</convg-x-red> <convg-x-green>0</convg-x-green> <convg-x-blue>0</convg-x-blue> <convg-y-red>0</convg-y-red> <convg-y-green>4</convg-y-green> <convg-y-blue>8</convg-y-blue> </geotek-image> Producer defined Geotek software-proprietary XML files contain information on line scan acquisition settings and image scaling information. The values in the example provided may be different for each scan. Please contact the PCMSC data coordinator for more information on the contents of these XML files. U.S. Geological Survey - CMGDS mailing and physical

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Santa Cruz CA 95060 1-831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Core photographs are provided in a zip archive (2022-653-FA_cores_photos.zip) with CSDGM FGDC-compliant metadata. Please contact the PCMSC Data Coordinator about availability. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. TIFF, XML Zip file contains core photographs in TIFF format and associated proprietary metadata in XML format Zip file may be decompressed with any zip utility (e.g., 7zip, WinZip, Archive Utility). 4800 https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name link and scrolling to 2022-653-FA_cores_photos.zip in the Imagery Data section. None. Line scan images can be viewed with any standard image software. Proprietary metadata XML files can be viewed with any standard text editing software. 20250326 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998