Jenna C. Hill SeanPaul M. La Selle Janet T. Watt Nora M. Nieminski Alicia F. Balster-Gee Peter Dal Ferro Jason S. Padgett Daniel C. Powers Rachel K. Marcuson George R. Snyder 20250326 raster digital data data release DOI:10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.5066/P9BG6ZAD Jenna C. Hill SeanPaul M. La Selle Janet T. Watt Nora M. Nieminski Alicia F. Balster-Gee Peter Dal Ferro Jason S. Padgett Daniel C. Powers Rachel K. Marcuson George R. Snyder 2025 data release DOI:10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California U.S. Geological Survey Suggested Citation: Hill, J.C., La Selle, S.M., Watt, J.W., Nieminski, N.M., Balster-Gee, A.F., Dal Ferro, P., Padgett, J.S., Powers, D.C., Marcuson, R.K., and Snyder, G.R., 2025, Sediment core data from offshore Cascadia during field activity 2022-653-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q This dataset includes computed tomography (CT) scan imagery of sediment cores collected in Cascadia (offshore northern California, Oregon, and Washington) aboard the M/V Bold Horizon September 2022. As part of a multi-year project focused on characterizing offshore marine geohazards (tsunamis, earthquakes, and landslides), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program is conducting research offshore northern California, Oregon, and Washington to gain a better understanding of the geologic hazards of the region, improve risk assessments for local communities and critical infrastructure, and to provide data for future research on regional tectonic, sedimentary, and geomorphic evolution. Sediment cores were collected to enable a detailed investigation of Cascadia's geologic history and ongoing activity. Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2022-653-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 20220918 20250117 Ground conditions at the time data were collected Complete None planned -125.215927 -124.723058 41.711749 41.374695 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:d47e7fde-3080-4512-97f4-c8cf34177f1c ISO 19115 Topic Category oceans geoscientificInformation USGS Thesaurus core analysis ocean processes sediment transport geospatial datasets Data Categories for Marine Planning substrate Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords sediment None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Department of the Interior DOI field activity number 2022-653-FA Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Pacific Ocean State of California State of Oregon State of Washington Humboldt County Eureka No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Info' for details. USGS-authored or produced data and information from the U.S. Government are in the public domain and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. PCMSC Science Data Coordinator U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center mailing and physical

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-474 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov ct_preview.jpg Example CT image of a section of core JPC-02. JPG Computed tomography (CT) images were obtained with a Geotek Rotating X-ray CT (RXCT) system. Jenna C. Hill SeanPaul M. La Selle Janet T. Watt Nora M. Nieminski Alicia F. Balster-Gee Peter Dal Ferro Jason S. Padgett Daniel C. Powers Rachel K. Marcuson George R. Snyder 2025 Hill, J.C., La Selle, S.M., Watt, J.W., Nieminski, N.M., Balster-Gee, A.F., Dal Ferro, P., Padgett, J.S., Powers, D.C., Marcuson, R.K., and Snyder, G.R., 2025, Sediment core data from offshore Cascadia during field activity 2022-653-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q. https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Quality control of attribute accuracy was conducted during field data collection and processing workflows. No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted. No formal logical consistency tests were conducted. The dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to carefully read the rest of the metadata record for additional details. Core depth values are relative to the top of sediment in the uppermost core section. Coring-induced compaction, if any, was not determined. No formal vertical accuracy tests were conducted. Cores were collected aboard M/V Bold Horizon using a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) jumbo piston corer (JPC) on cruise 2022-653-FA. The JPC system consisted of a 2500-lb head weight, 3.43-inch diameter barrel, and polybutyrate liner. The JPC trigger arm was set up to collect a trigger core (TC) associated with each JPC. JPCs were extruded and sectioned at sea. The cores were then transported back to the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center. 2022 CT scans were acquired at the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center core facility using a Geotek Rotating X-Ray CT (RXCT) Scanner system, running acquisition software version XCT4. Rotational x-ray images were acquired with a Thermo Kevex PSX10-65W x-ray source every 0.2 degrees at 125 kilovolts (kV) and 250 microamperes. Core segments were scanned individually. Rotational images were reconstructed into axial slice TIFFs using Geotek's Reconstructor Software. Once reconstructed, the axial slice TIFFs were imported into GeoTek's Image Viewer software and representative two-dimensional orthogonal views were selected from the coronal (XZ) and saggital (YZ) planes. A ruler was added to the orthogonal TIFF images using the GeoTek Add Ruler v1.4 software and represents in-section depth in centimeters. TIFFs are provided in 16-bit unsigned integer, single channel format. File names correspond to the names of each core segment. For example '2022_653_FA_JPC01_02_XZView.tif' corresponds to the coronal view of the second segment of the jumbo piston core 'JPC01'. A list of orthogonal CT TIFF images is included in this data release in the 2022-653-FA_cores.csv file (Hill and others (2025)). 2023 CT TIFF images were renamed for consistency with other datasets in this data release (Hill and others (2025)). 2025 Point Point 6 Local surface 0.1 centimeters Attribute values 2022-653-FA_core_ct.zip A zip file containing 40 TIFF files of CT images and their respective software-proprietary XML files. Two TIFF files containing downcore CT images of coronal (XZ) and saggital (YZ) views are provided for each scanned core section. Producer defined orthogonal CT image metadata XML file This Geotek software-proprietary XML file contains information on CT scan acquisition settings and reconstruction settings. The following attributes and example attribute values are provided: <geotek-image> <image-type>giCTOrthogonalView</image-type> <coreID>2022_653_FA_JPC02</coreID> <section-number>02</section-number> <physical-width>10.00</physical-width> <physical-height>150.63</physical-height> <physical-top>140.0</physical-top> <pixels-per-CM>94</pixels-per-CM> <horizontal-resolution>94</horizontal-resolution> <pixel-width>940</pixel-width> <scan-lines>14184</scan-lines> <comments> Enter Comments Here</comments> <camera-name>Thermo Kevex PSX10-65W</camera-name> <average-of>1</average-of> <filename>2022_653_FA_JPC02_02_XZView.TIF</filename> <x-ray-voltage>110</x-ray-voltage> <x-ray-current>270</x-ray-current> <x-ray-spot-size>41</x-ray-spot-size> <source-object-distance>269.99</source-object-distance> <source-detector-distance>634.68</source-detector-distance> <detector-CCD-mode>2x2</detector-CCD-mode> <image-enhancement-filter>Enabled=False,WindowCount=2,Window=400,SigmaA=0.1,SigmaV=0.0005,Weight=0.4,Window=100,SigmaA=0.1,SigmaV=0.0005,Weight=1,Reduction=0.85</image-enhancement-filter> <is-a-sync-scan-image>0</is-a-sync-scan-image> </geotek-image> producer defined Geotek software-proprietary XML files contain information on CT scan acquisition settings and image scaling information. The values in the example provided may be different for each scan. Please contact the PCMSC data coordinator for more information on the contents of these XML files. GS ScienceBase U.S. Geological Survey mailing address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 United States 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov CT images are provided in a zip archive (2022-653-FA_cores_ct.zip) with CSDGM FGDC compliant metadata. Please contact the PCMSC Data Coordinator about availability. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. TIFF, XML Geotek RXCT Scanner system, software version XCT4 Zip file contains CT core imagery in TIFF format and associated proprietary metadata in XML format Zip file may be decompressed with any zip utility (e.g., 7zip, WinZip, Archive Utility). 706.9 https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VQIJ2Q Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name link and scrolling to 2022-653-FA_cores_ct.zip in the Imagery Data section. None. CT images can be viewed with any standard image software. Proprietary metadata XML files can be viewed with any standard text editing software. 20250326 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center PCMSC Science Data Coordinator mailing and physical

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz CA 95060 831-427-4747 pcmsc_data@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998