2005-004-FA_SVP.SHP: Sound velocity profile locations collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire in 2005 (Geographic, WGS 84, Esri point shapefile)

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Frequently-anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
2005-004-FA_SVP.SHP: Sound velocity profile locations collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire in 2005 (Geographic, WGS 84, Esri point shapefile)
Abstract:
In freshwater bodies of New Hampshire, the most problematic aquatic invasive plant species is Myriophyllum heterophyllum or variable leaf water-milfoil. Once established, variable leaf water-milfoil forms dense beds that can alter the limnologic characteristics of a waterbody, impacting natural lacustrine communities and their habitats. Variable leaf water-milfoil infestations also disrupt recreational uses of waterbodies and have negatively affected swimming, boating, fishing, and property values in and around several lakes and ponds in New Hampshire.
In 1965, Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee became the first waterbody in New Hampshire where variable leaf water-milfoil was observed. Variable leaf water-milfoil is native to the Southeastern and Midwestern areas of the United States where more alkaline waters appear to limit the growth of this plant. Outside its native range, however, it adapts well to the relatively acidic, low-alkalinity, and nutrient-poor conditions of oligotrophic lakes and bays similar to Moultonborough Bay.
In 2005, the New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES) collaborated with the U.S. Geological Survey to investigate the distribution (presence and density) of variable leaf water-milfoil in Moultonborough Bay. This study utilized geophysical systems and conventional water-quality measurements to identify lake-floor environments that may provide suitable habitat for the establishment and growth of variable leaf water-milfoil. The results of the study are intended to assist resource managers in federal and state agencies by providing methods for detecting variable leaf water-milfoil and for identifying areas susceptible to infestation. Ultimately, this information may lead to early detection, prevention, and more effective mitigation strategies.
  1. How should this data set be cited?

    U.S. Geological Survey, 2014, 2005-004-FA_SVP.SHP: Sound velocity profile locations collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire in 2005 (Geographic, WGS 84, Esri point shapefile): Field Activity Data 2005-004-FA, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Denny, J.F., Danforth, W.W., Worley, C.R., and Irwin, B.J., 2014, High-resolution geophysical and sample data collected in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire in 2005, USGS Field Activity 2005-004-FA: Field Activity Data 2005-004-FA, U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.388260
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -71.350192
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.724794
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.702508

  3. What does it look like?

    <http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/field-activity-data/2005-004-FA/data/2005-004-FA_svp.jpg> (JPEG)
    Image showing location of sound velocity profiles collected in 2005 by the U.S. Geological Survey in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire

  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

    Beginning_Date: 25-Jul-2005
    Ending_Date: 26-Jul-2005
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition

  5. What is the general form of this data set?

    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data

  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?

    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?

      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):

      • Entity point (8)

    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?

      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees.

      The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.

  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

    2005-004-FA_svp
    Sound velocity profile locations collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire, 2005. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    FID
    Internal feature number. (Source: Esri)

    Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

    Shape
    Feature geometry. (Source: Esri)

    Coordinates defining the features.

    Longitude
    X coordinate of sound velocity profile location in decimal degrees (Geographic, WGS 84) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    Range of values
    Minimum:-71.38826
    Maximum:-71.350192
    Units:decimal degrees

    Latitude
    Y coordinate of sound velocity profile locations in decimal degrees (Geographic, WGS 84) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    Range of values
    Minimum:43.702508
    Maximum:43.724794
    Units:decimal degrees

    cast
    Sound velocity profile location number, listed as CastX, where X is the location identifier. For example, cast1 is sound velocity profile cast # 1. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    String up to 254 characters

    hr
    Time of the sound velocity profile cast in Hours of 24 hour day, UTC. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    Range of values
    Minimum:13
    Maximum:19
    Units:hours of 24-hour day

    min
    Time of sound velocity profile cast listed in Minutes, UTC. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:58
    Units:minutes (0 - 60)

    jd
    Julian Day during which sonar data were collected (2005) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    ValueDefinition
    206Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year of collection.
    207Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year of collection.

    Cruise_ID
    Unique USGS field activity identification number in the format YYYY-NNN-FA where YYYY is the field activity year, NNN represents the number assigned to the field activity within that year, and FA stands for field activity. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    String up to 50 characters

    System
    System used to collect the sound velocity profiles (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    String up to 50 characters

    Acq_Date
    Date of data acquisition. Format MM/DD/YYYY. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    String up to 20 characters

    Hyperlink
    Field listing the filename of the JPEG image of a graph of the sound velocity profile for each location (1-8 locations) (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)

    String up to 50 characters

    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The CSV (comma separated value) files associated with this shapefile are raw field data. That is, these files were generated directly from the Applied Acoustics SV Plus velocimeter. These data were used to generate the graphs, available in JPEG format, showing the speed of sound in the water column for each sound velocity profile location. These graphs are bundled in the associated zip file (2005-004-FA_svp.zip) and filenames are stored in the hyperlink field within the shapefile (2005-004-FA_svp.shp).
    The format of the CSV files is as follows:
    Headings: Cast#, where # is the sound velocity profile location (1 - 8 for 2005-004-FA field activity) System Description, where system is SVPlus 3770 for 2005-004-FA field activity
    Fields: Time (M/DD/YYYY HR:MIN) Pressure (depth in meters) Temperature (Celsius) Sound Velocity (meters per second) Battery (volts)
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)

  2. Who also contributed to the data set?

  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?

    Jane F. Denny
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
    USA

    508-548-8700 x 2311 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    jdenny@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

This shapefile contains 8 sound velocity profile locations collected with an Applied Acoustics SV Plus velocimeter by the U.S. Geological Survey during USGS survey 2005-04-FA. These data were collected in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire as part of a collaborative USGS and New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services research program to assess the distribution of variable leaf water-milfoil. The information contained within the sound velocity profiles is needed to adequately account for refraction artifacts that may be present within raw swath bathymetric data.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?

    none (source 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey, Unpublished Material, Sound Velocity Profiles.

    Type_of_Source_Media: online
    Source_Contribution:
    Sound velocity profiles are acquired in order to measure the speed of sound in the water column during survey operations. This information is used to correct any refraction artifacts that may be present within the swath bathymetric data due to unaccounted for changes in the speed of sound throughout the water column. As such, the swath bathymetric acquisition is described here, as well as acquisition procedures for the sound velocity profiles.
    Swath-bathymetric and acoustic-backscatter data were acquired with a SEA, Ltd., Submetrix 2000 Series interferometric sonar operating at a 234-kHz frequency. The SEA Submetrix 2000 Series transducers were mounted at the bow of the USGS R/V Rafael. Approximately 37 km of swath bathymetric data were collected.
    SEA RTS2000 acquisition software (version year 2005) was used to digitally log the bathymetric data at a maximum 50 meter range (100 meter swath width) and 2048 samples per ping in the SEA SXR format. In shallow water areas, the swath width did not achieve the full 50-meter range, but varied from roughly 5x water depth to the maximum 50-meter range (i.e. swath width varied from approximately 15 meter to 100 meters depending on water depth). Data collection parameters are saved as a RTS2000 session file in SEA SXS format.
    An Octopus F180R Attitude and Positioning system (see: <http://www.codaoctopus.com/motion/f180/index.asp>) recorded ship motion (heave, pitch, roll, and yaw). These data were transmitted via network connection to the RTS2000 data acquisition software. The Octopus F180R Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) was mounted directly above the SEA Submetrix 2000 Series transducers, to minimize lever arm offsets that can lead to positioning errors. The F180R uses two L1 antennas for position and heading accuracy. The antennas are mounted on a rigid horizontal pole, 3 meters above the F180R IMU, with a horizontal separation of 1 meter and are offset from the IMU in a forward/aft configuration. The forward offset of the primary antenna from the IMU is 0.5 meters, with no port/starboard offset.
    Eight sound-velocity profiles were acquired during survey operations at roughly 1 to 3 hour intervals using an Applied Microsystems SV Plus Velocimeter (Applied Microsystems, 2008).
    Vertical accuracy of the raw data based on system specifications may approximate 1% of water depth, 0.01 to 0.15 meters within the survey area. However, overall vertical accuracies on the order of 0.5 meters are assumed based on the following considerations: WAAS navigation vertical accuracies; the Coda Octopus F180 Attitude and Positioning system, used to correct for vessel roll, pitch, heave, and yaw, has a theoretical vertical accuracy of a few mm; refraction artifacts were minimized by acquiring a range of sound velocity profiles with a hand-casted Applied MicroSystems SV Plus sound velocimeter during the survey. Changes in ship draft due to water and fuel usage were not considered.

  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

    Date: 2005 (process 1 of 5)
    Eight sound velocity casts were collected at roughly 3 hour intervals during USGS field activity 2005-004-FA using an Applied Microsystems SV Plus velocimeter (see <http://www.appliedmicrosystems.com/>). At each station, the SV Plus was hand deployed and slowly lowered to the lakefloor. The SV Plus was monitored by a member of the science party and as the instrument made contact with the lakefloor, the position (i.e. location) was recorded in the lab using HYPACK navigation software. The position was then manually recorded within the cruise log and RTS2000 acquisition software. Upon recovery, the SV Plus was connected to an onboard computer via serial port in order to download data using the SV Plus communications software, SmartTalk.
    Software: SV Plus v2 SmartTalk (no version)

    Jane F. Denny performed this and all subsequent process steps.

    Person who carried out this activity:

    Jane F. Denny
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2311 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    jdenny@usgs.gov

    Date: 2005 (process 2 of 5)
    The data were then exported in comma-delimited text format and opened within Microsoft Excel. The files were saved in Microsoft Excel format (*.xls). Graphs of the sound velocity profile (Depth vs. speed of sound) at each station were created within Microsoft Excel and saved within the spreadsheet and as PDF files. The files were then opened using Adobe Photoshop CS3 and exported as JPG images.

    Date: 2005 (process 3 of 5)
    The location of each of the eight sound velocity profiles was stored in eastings and northings (UTM, Zone 19N, meters, WGS84) in a comma-separated value file (*.csv). This file was reformatted using an GNU awk script and cast number, time and date were added. Proj (version 4.6.1) was used to convert the Eastings and Northings to Latitude and Longitude. GNU awk and paste were used to merge the proj output with the original comma-separated value file (*csv), creating a new csv file containing Latitude, Longitude, Cast number, Hour, Minute, and Julian Day.
    Software: GNU awk 3.1.5

    Date: 2005 (process 4 of 5)
    The text file (*.csv) was imported into Esri ArcMap 9.0 using Tools - Add XY Data and converted to an event theme. The event theme was then saved to a point shapefile and the projection was defined as Geographic Coordinate System, WGS84 (GCS_WGS_1984).
    The following fields were added to the attribute table: Cruise_ID, System, Acq_Date and a hyperlink field listing the filename of the JPEG image of the graph of each sound velocity profile.

    Date: 2014 (process 5 of 5)
    The table was exported to a text file using, Xtools, Table Operations, Export table to txt. The txt file was saved as a *.csv. The *csv can then be used outside of the ArcGIS 9.3 environment to generate trackline data, if neeed.

  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

    Argue, Denise M. , Kiah, Richard G. , Denny, Jane F. , Deacon, Jeffrey R. , Danforth, William W. , Johnston, Craig M. , and Smagula, Amy P. , 2007, Relation of Lake-Floor Characteristics to the Distribution of Variable Leaf Water-Milfoil in Moultonborough Bay, Lake Winnipesaukee, New Hampshire, 2005: Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5125, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?

    All attributes were checked in a consistent manner.

  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?

    Navigation was acquired with Wide Area Augmentation System ( WAAS), which is accurate to + or - 1 to 2 meters, horizontally. Navigation data were acquired with a Communications Systems International (CSI), Inc. LGBX Pro receiver. The CSI LGBX Pro received positions from a WAAS antenna located on the port, aft roof of the R/V Rafael cabin. WAAS positions were recorded within HYPACK (www.hypack.com) navigation software. During each deployment of the sound velocity profiler, positions were recorded in the survey log book by reading the position off the HYPACK navigation display.

  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?

  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?

    This shapefile contains eight sound velocity profiles collected on JD 206 (07/25/2005) and JD 207 (07/26/2005) during USGS field activity 2005-004-FA. Sound velocity profiles 1 - 3 were collected on JD206. Sound velocity profiles 4 - 8 were collected on JD207 and were used to correct refraction artifacts in swath bathymetric data used to generate the bathymetric grid of the survey area (collected on JD207 (lines 43 - 112).
    Lines 43 - 112 were a 'rerun' of lines 1 - 42 to try to improve on the data quality as there were significant system errors and malfunctions during data collection on JD 206 (07/25/2005).

  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?

    All sound velocity profiles were collected during USGS cruise 2005-004-FA using an Applied Acoustics SV Plus velocimeter. Quality control was conducted during processing of the data. Any spurious data or artifacts were removed or minimized.
    Cast 1 was collected outside of Moultonborough Bay and corresponds to the location of the patch test used to calibrate the interferometric sonar.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?

Access_Constraints: None.
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.

  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)

    Jane F. Denny
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
    USA

    508-548-8700 x2311 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    jdenny@usgs.gov

  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?

    Downloadable Data

  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?

    Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  4. How can I download or order the data?

  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?

    This zip file contains data available in Esri point shapefile format. The zip file also contains associated metadata. The user must have ArcGIS or ArcView 3.0 or greater software to read and process the data file. In lieu of ArcView or ArcGIS, the user may utilize another GIS application package capable of importing the data. A free data viewer, ArcGIS Explorer, capable of displaying the data is available from Esri at www.esri.com.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 18-Feb-2014
Metadata author:
Jane F. Denny
U.S. Geological Survey
Geologist
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543
USA

508-548-8700 x2311 (voice)
508-457-2310 (FAX)
jdenny@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
Metadata extensions used:

Generated by mp version 2.9.6 on Tue Feb 18 10:15:56 2014