Identification_Information: Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Seabed still images in JPEG format collected on Stellwagen Bank on U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2015-062-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, Oct. 21 and 22 and Nov. 3 and 4 2015 Edition: 1.0 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7N015FS Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS Online_Linkage: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/ Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Page C. Valentine Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross Publication_Date: 2017 Title: Sea floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD data collected in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, MA in 2015, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2015-062-FA Edition: 1.0 Series_Information: Series_Name: data release Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F7N015FS Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C. and Cross, V.A., 2017, Sea floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD data collected in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, MA in 2015, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2015-062-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS. Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS Online_Linkage: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/ Description: Abstract: This field activity is part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited 75 locations on Stellwagen Bank at which a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and temperature, conductivity, and depth measurements of the water column. Additional information regarding this field activity is available from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2015-062-FA. Purpose: To provide still images representative of the sea floor that were extracted from video imagery acquired with the SEABed OBservation and Sampling System (SEABOSS). These data provide ground-truth information for geophysical datasets and are used in seabed interpretations. The images have location information in the EXIF header and are also the same as the station locations in the 2015-062-FA_station_data_summary file available from the Larger Work citation. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 20151021 Ending_Date: 20151104 Currentness_Reference: ground condition of when data were collected. There were four days of data collection. October 21-22 and November 3-4, 2015. Status: Progress: complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.457330 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.138830 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.420630 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.151420 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey Theme_Keyword: USGS Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program Theme_Keyword: CMGP Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC Theme_Keyword: sea floor images Theme_Keyword: seabed photographs Theme_Keyword: ground-truth Theme_Keyword: seabed images Theme_Keyword: JPEG Theme_Keyword: SEABed Observation and Sampling System Theme_Keyword: SEABOSS Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category Theme_Keyword: oceans Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus Theme_Keyword: image collections Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics Theme_Keyword: marine geology Theme_Keyword: field monitoring stations Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: North America Place_Keyword: United States Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary Place_Keyword: SBNMS Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay Access_Constraints: None. Use_Constraints: None. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Browse_Graphic: Browse_Graphic_File_Name: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/data/imagery/2015-062-FA_seabedimage_browse.jpg Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Browse graphic of an example seabed still image on Stellwagen Bank. Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: D.S. Blackwood Originator: K.F. Parolski Publication_Date: 2001 Title: Seabed observation and sampling system Series_Information: Series_Name: Sea Technology Issue_Identification: v. 42, no. 2, p.39-43 Cross_Reference: Citation_Information: Originator: P. Valentine Originator: D. Blackwood Originator: K. Parolski Publication_Date: 2000 Title: Seabed observation and sampling system Series_Information: Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet Issue_Identification: FS-142-00 Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Reston, VA Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/ Data_Quality_Information: Logical_Consistency_Report: The image names are in the format staXXXX_Y.jpg where XXXX is the station number and Y is the image number at that station. Each station has 2 images - one showing a broader view of the landscape and the second a close-up of the seabed. These images are from the same camera, the difference in view is related to the closeness of the SEABOSS system to the seafloor. All the images are from one camera except station 4382. Station 4382 images are from a second camera mounted higher on the SEABOSS system because the preferred camera was non-functional. Although the images are not from the exact same location (the two photos from a station), the EXIF header information in each is the same. This is because the video the images were extracted from did not display time. So the navigation fix is based on the station location recorded in the cruise log book. Or the drift line end location recorded in the log book. These fixes may not exactly fall on the video drift line as the video drift line navigation points are extracted from the GPS system based on time. Offsets are a result of rounding error or number of decimal places of the location fix. The 2015-062-FA_station_data_summary (available from the Larger Work citation) station locations are the same as the image locations at each station number. Completeness_Report: Each station has 2 images - one showing a broader view of the landscape and the second a close-up of the seabed. With 75 stations, this makes a total of 150 JPEG images. Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Although the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is available in the EXIF header of each image, which is derived from the station data summary file (available from the Larger Work citation). The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30, GPS receiver) at one second intervals with a horizontal accuracy of 10 m. The navigation antenna is located 5.3 m forward of the SEABOSS deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition (navigation fixes represent antenna location). Lineage: Process_Step: Process_Description: Seabed video images were collected using a battery-operated, high-definition (1920 x 1080 pixels) GoPro digital video camera mounted on the USGS SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS). The SEABOSS system actually had two GoPro cameras attached to it - with the second camera mounted a little higher on the frame which only shows a partial view of the seabed. This second camera was used only to observe obstacles, like gill nets and lobster gear, in order to avoid entanglement. Or, in the case of station 4382, provide a backup system if the primary camera failed. As the SEABOSS drifted over the seabed, the forward-looking camera imaged the seabed at a rate of 60 frames per second from an altitude of ~1 meter. Lighting was provided by two, battery-operated Keldan LED video lights. Each light provided a light flux of up to 9000 lumens at a correlated color temperature of 5000 kelvins. Two parallel red lasers mounted 20 centimeters apart provided a scale in the video images. Video imagery includes the launch and recovery of the SEABOSS, transit through the water column, and the drift over the seabed. The duration of individual video files ranges from 4 to 12 minutes. Video files are archived in .MP4 format and range in size from 0.9 to 2.6 gigabytes. These video files are not available as part of this data release. Video files are archived at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, 384 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543. Process_Date: 2015 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Video frame-grab images were extracted from high-definition (1920 x 1080 pixels) GoPro digital video by reviewing the video from each station and saving a frame-grab image that clearly showed the seabed. These images were obtained using open source VLC Media Player software (version 2.0.0) developed by the VideoLAN project. http://www.videolan.org/vlc/index.html Two video frame-grab images are provided for each station. One image (staxxxx_1.jpg) shows a broad view of the landscape as the SEABOSS drifted over the seabed. The second image (staxxxx_2.jpg) shows a close-up of the seabed as the SEABOSS was stationary during the collection of the sediment sample. The xxxx is the station number. Where visible, the two parallel red lasers mounted 20 cm apart provide a scale. Process_Date: 2016 Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: Using the AUK2015062_station_data_summary.csv, the approximate time and location of each photo was derived. The station location (latitude and longitude), date and time for each station was extracted from the CSV file. This information was reformatted using an awk script so that the following columns of information were available: image name (based on the station number), julian day, GPS date (in the format YYYYMMDD), GPS time (in the format HH:MM:SS), latitude, and longitude. This information was written to a CSV file - 2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv. This process step and subsequent process steps (unless otherwise noted), were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: AUK2015062_station_data_summary.csv Process_Date: 2016 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and Physical Address: 384 Woods Hole Road City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Process_Step: Process_Description: A python script (writeexif_2_readfile_11_24_15.py executed with IDLE version 2.7.3) was then run that incorporated the information from 2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv, along with additional information, into the appropriate locations in the EXIF header of each GoPro grab image at each station. Although the two images from each station aren't from exactly the same place, the same information for that station was populated in each photo.The PYTHON script uses ExifTool (version 9.4.6.0) to write the information to the image headers of the full-resolution images. The following tags were populated in the JPEG image headers. Information is duplicated in some tags. This was done because different software packages access different tags. > GPS tags: The values populated are unique for each image and based on the information exported from the photo locations shapefile. > >GPSLatitudeRef >GPSLatitude >GPSLongitudeRef >GPSLongitude >GPSTimeStamp >GSPDateStamp > JPEG tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it. > comment:Image grabs from a GoPro digital video camera mounted on the USGS SEABOSS deployed from the R/V Auk during survey 2015-062-FA (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2015-062-FA). > EXIF tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image. > >ImageDescription:Image grab of the sea floor in Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2015-062-FA >Artist: Page C. Valentine >Copyright: Public Domain - please credit the U.S. Geological Survey > IPTC tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image. > >Credit: U.S. Geological Survey >Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov >Keywords: Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, 2015-062-FA, SEABOSS, sea floor, USGS, ground-truth >CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey >Caption-Abstract: Image grab of the sea floor in Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2015-062-FA > XMP tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image. > >Caption: Image grab of the sea floor in Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2015-062-FA > To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 9.4.6.0): > exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription *.jpg > out.csv > The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: *.jpg Process_Date: 2016 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: *.jpg Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: Indirect_Spatial_Reference: Location information in the EXIF header and also indicated by the station location in the station data summary data file (available from the Larger Work citation). Spatial_Reference_Information: Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Geographic: Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001 Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984 Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224 Entity_and_Attribute_Information: Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Although the seabed images do not have attributes per se, the EXIF header information can be extracted or viewed to give additional information about each image. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey Distribution_Information: Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine Contact_Position: Research Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02543-1598 Country: USA Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov Resource_Description: 2015-062-FA_SeabedImages.zip contains the 150 JPEG images that are grabs from the video (2 images at each station), the browse graphic (2015-062-FA_seabedimage_browse.jpg) and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in TXT, XML, and HTML formats. Distribution_Liability: Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Standard_Order_Process: Digital_Form: Digital_Transfer_Information: Format_Name: JPEG Format_Information_Content: The zip file contains JPEG image files, browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata. Transfer_Size: 9 Digital_Transfer_Option: Online_Option: Computer_Contact_Information: Network_Address: Network_Resource_Name: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/data/imagery/2015-062-FA_SeabedImages.zip Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS Network_Resource_Name: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/ Access_Instructions: The first link is to download the data in a zip file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. Although the last two links go to the same place, one is the DOI designation of the publication. Fees: none Technical_Prerequisites: The zip file contains images in JPEG format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and viewing the JPEG images. Metadata_Reference_Information: Metadata_Date: 20170803 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross Contact_Position: Marine Geologist Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd. City: Woods Hole State_or_Province: MA Postal_Code: 02556-1598 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998