U.S. Geological Survey
20170424
Single-Beam XYZ Point Coastal Bathymetry Data Collected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New York, from the Wilderness Breach and Shoreface
Tabular digital data
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
DS 1049
St. Petersburg, FL
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1049/downloads/201505_Single_Beam_XYZ.zip
Timothy R. Nelson
Jennifer L. Miselis
Cheryl J. Hapke
Owen T. Brenner
Rachel E. Henderson
Billy J. Reynolds
Kathleen E. Wilson
20170424
Coastal bathymetry data collected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New York: The wilderness breach and shoreface
U.S. Geological Survey Data Series
DS 1049
St. Petersburg, FL
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1049
Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center in St. Petersburg, Florida, conducted a bathymetric survey of Fire Island, New York, from May 6 to 20, 2015. The U.S. Geological Survey is involved in a post-Hurricane Sandy effort to map and monitor the morphologic evolution of the wilderness breach as a part of the Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Project GS2-2B. During this study, bathymetry data were collected with single-beam echosounders and Global Positioning Systems, which were mounted to personal watercraft, along the Fire Island shoreface and within the wilderness breach. Additional bathymetry and elevation data were collected using backpack Global Positioning Systems on flood shoals and in shallow channels within the wilderness breach.
To determine the change Hurricane Sandy caused to the shoreface morphology and breach evolution at Fire Island, New York, USA, scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) conducted a bathymetric survey of Fire Island from May 6 to 20, 2015. The objectives of the data collection were to map the morphology of the shoreface and the wilderness breach as part of the USGS Hurricane Sandy Supplemental Project GS2-2B. This dataset, 201505_Single_Beam_XYZ.zip, consists of single-beam horizontal position and vertical elevation data collected along the Fire Island shoreface and within the wilderness breach, from onboard two personal watercraft (PWC) vessels.
20150506
20150520
ground condition
None planned
-73.22640725
-72.85802014
40.74618667
40.60556835
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:37230cf4-af27-4556-be12-f02563197922
Global Change Master Science Directory (GCMD)
OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BARRIER ISLANDS
OCEAN > COASTAL PROCESSES > BEACHES
DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR
None
marine geology
bathymetry
interferometry
single-beam echosounder
U.S. Geological Survey
Hurricane Sandy Supplemental: Fire Island
Hurricane Sandy
ISO 19115 Topic Category
geoscientificinformation
elevation
oceans
None
Fire Island
Fire Island National Seashore
Long Island
New York
United States
None
2015
The U.S. Geological Survey requests that it be referenced as the originator of this dataset in any future products or research derived from these data.
These data should not be used for navigational purposes.
U.S. Geological Survey
Timothy R. Nelson
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701-4846
USA
727-502-8098
727-502-8182
trnelson@usgs.gov
The accuracy of the data is determined during data collection. This dataset is derived from a single field survey using identical equipment, set-ups, and staff; therefore, the dataset is internally consistent. Methods are employed to maintain data collection consistency aboard the platform. During mobilization, each piece of equipment was isolated to obtain internal- and external-offset measurements with respect to the survey platform. All the critical measurements were recorded manually and then digitally entered into their respective programs. For personal watercraft soundings, the distance between the transducer and GPS antenna was measured for each personal watercraft and accounted for during postprocessing. For the GPS base stations, the Ashtech ProFlex 500 system has a long static horizontal accuracy of 0.3 centimeters (cm) and 0.6-cm vertical accuracy. For the rovers, the postprocessed kinematic horizontal instrument accuracy is 1 cm and vertical accuracy is 2 cm. The Echotrac CV100 Digital Hydrographic Echo Sounder has a vertical accuracy of 0.01 m +/- 0.1 percent depth.
The U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center collected shallow water bathymetric data of the shoreface and the wilderness breach on Fire Island, New York, in May 2015.
This zip archive contains a horizontal position and vertical elevation x,y,z single-beam data from May 2015 collected within the wilderness breach and shoreface. Users are advised to read the online Data Series and the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
The GPS antenna and receiver acquisition configuration used at the GPS base stations was duplicated on the survey vessel (rover). The base receiver and the rover receiver recorded their positions concurrently at 10 Hz recording intervals throughout the survey. All processed measurements are referenced to the base-station coordinates. All static base station GPS sessions were submitted for processing to the NOAA/NGS OPUS software. OPUS results provided an error measurement for each daily solution with a horizontal accuracy estimated as 0.5-cm root mean squared (RMS) for U374, 0.4 cm for REST, and 0.3 cm for VC. The combined horizontal uncertainty was assumed to be, at most, half of the vertical offset.
8.9 cm
Static GPS data were processed using NOAA/NGS OPUS software and kinematic GPS data were processed with GrafNav v8.50 software by Novatel and Matlab (2015b).
The GPS antenna and receiver acquisition configuration used at the reference station was duplicated on the survey vessel (rover). The base receiver and the rover receiver recorded their positions concurrently at 10 Hz recording intervals throughout the survey. All processed measurements are referenced to the base-station coordinates. OPUS results provided an error measurement for each daily solution. Applying these error measurements, the vertical accuracy of the base station was estimated to be 0.3-cm root mean squared (RMS) for U374, 0.2 cm for REST, and 1.5 cm for VC base station. The kinematic (rover) trajectories were processed using GrafNav v8.50 software by Novatel, Inc. and Matlab. Occurrences where a personal watercraft trackline crosses itself were evaluated to determine vertical uncertainty. The calculated RMS uncertainty is 17.7 cm.
17.7 cm
Static GPS data were processed using NOAA/NGS OPUS software and kinematic GPS data were processed with GrafNav v8.50 software by Novatel and Matlab (2015b).
Process Description: GPS Acquisition: GPS base stations were erected at benchmarks REST (near the town of Robins Rest) and U374 (NGS benchmark Permanent Identification number (PID#) KU0206) located on Fire Island. The base stations were equipped with Ashtech ProFlex 500 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. The survey personal watercraft (PWC) (rovers) were equipped with ProFlex 500 GNSS receivers. The base and rover receivers recorded their positions concurrently at 10 Hertz (Hz) throughout the survey. Reference station coordinates were verified with Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) sites using the Online Positioning User Service (OPUS), available at http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/). U374 used reference stations ZNY1, NYRH, CTDA;, REST used stations NYCI, NYRH, and MOR6, and VC base used MOR6, CTGU, AND NYRH. OPUS-computed reference stations had horizontal errors of 0.4 cm for REST, 0.5 cm for U374, and 0.3 cm for VC. Vertical errors were 0.2 cm for REST, 0.3 cm for U374, and 1.5 cm for VC.
2015
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Billy J. Reynolds
Engineering Technician
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8067
727-502-8181
breynolds@usgs.gov
Single-Beam Sounding Acquisition: Nearshore bathymetry was measured using single-beam sonar systems and GPS receivers mounted on two Yamaha (2010 and 2013) VX Deluxe personal watercraft (PWC). Each PWC was fitted with a single-beam transducer mounted off the starboard stern below the waterline off the starboard stern and placed 1.23 m and 1.30 m beneath the GPS antenna, for PWC1 and PWC2, respectively. HYPACK version 2013 was used for positioning and navigation during the survey. Depth soundings were recorded at 10 Hertz (Hz) using an Odom Ecotrac CV100 Digital Hydrographic Echo Sounder system with 200-kHz transducers with 4-degree transducers. Soundings were merged into a raw data file (.raw) and a sounding file (.bin) in Hypack. Each file was named according to transect number and coordinated universal time (UTC). Water column sound-velocity measurements were collected periodically throughout the survey using a SonTek CastAway conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) meter. Data were processed using SonTek CastAway CTD software version 1.5.
2015
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Billy J. Reynolds
Engineering Technician
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8067
727-502-8181
breynolds@usgs.gov
Single-Beam Differentially Corrected Navigation Processing: Horizontal positions and vertical elevations associated with each single-beam sounding were postprocessed using differential corrections derived from the base/rover setup. Two GPS reference stations were used for the survey and were located at benchmarks U374 and REST. Applying the reference-station coordinates, GPS data acquired from the rover were processed to the concurrent GPS session data at the base station, using GrafNav version 8.5 software (Waypoint Product Group). The horizontal and vertical coordinates were recorded in the World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84) reference frame and exported as an ASCII file for each personal watercraft and each survey day.
2015
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Billy J. Reynolds
Engineering Technician
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8067
727-502-8181
breynolds@usgs.gov
Single-Beam Data Processing: Single-beam soundings were merged with differentially processed GPS data and sound velocity profiles using Matlab (2015b). Each transect was visually inspected for elevation outliers and dropouts associated with wave-breaking in the surf zone and were corrected manually. Usually, the highest intensity return is generated by the surface of the seafloor. Breaking waves in the surf zone can create air bubbles in the water column and cause an erroneous peak in waveform intensity. Errors are then produced in the interpreted seafloor reflection. When this circumstance was suspected, a corrected seafloor elevation was manually digitized by analyzing the .bin data file, which contains the complete waveform trace recorded by the Odom. The soundings were then corrected for the speed of sound (table 1) associated with the mean water temperature and salinity. A moving-average filter was then applied to the soundings to reduce instrument noise and the depth variations associated with the pitch and roll of the PWC. The depth soundings (from the transducer to the seafloor) were then adjusted to the depth reading from the GPS antenna and subsequently to the WGS84 ellipsoid.
2016
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Timothy R. Nelson
Geologist
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8098
727-502-8182
trnelson@usgs.gov
Single-Beam Datum Transformation: NOAA's VDatum v3.3 was used to transform single-beam data points (x,y,z data) from their data acquisition datum (WGS84) to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) reference frame and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) elevation using the National Geodetic Survey (NGS) geoid model of 2012A (GEOID12A). For conversion from the WGS84 ellipsoid to NAVD88, there is a total of 5.4 cm of uncertainty in the transformation (http://vdatum.noaa.gov/docs/est uncertainties.html).
2016
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Timothy R. Nelson
Geologist
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8098
727-502-8182
trnelson@usgs.gov
Single-Beam Error Analysis: The accuracy of the single-beam soundings was evaluated by identifying locations where survey tracklines crossed and soundings from each line were within a horizontal distance of 0.25 m of each other. Evaluation of the trackline crossings indicated there was a root mean square (RMS) vertical uncertainty of 18.3 cm with a 1-cm bias between the two PWCs. Large elevation differences often appear near channels where elevations vary rapidly over short distances. The RMS error for PWC2, when crossing a trackline it previously surveyed, was 13.0 cm. When PWC1 crossed a trackline it previously surveyed, the RMS error was 16.8 cm. Since the bias between the PWC elevations was on the order of the Odom instrument accuracy (1cm +/- 0.7 percent depth), no adjustments were made. Applying the square root of the sum of the datum conversion uncertainty and the sounding uncertainty resulted in a combined vertical error of 17.7 cm. Horizontal uncertainty was assumed to be half of the vertical uncertainty (8.9 cm), at most.
2016
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Timothy R. Nelson
Geologist
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8098
727-502-8182
trnelson@usgs.gov
Merging Transects: Using Matlab (2015b), partial lines (the result of restarting the line in the middle of a transect) were subsequently merged with similar segments to create single, seamless lines. When repetitions were present, only a single line was retained. The data were then combined into a single ASCII file consisting of position, elevation, line number, vessel number, and time of sampling.
201505_Single_Beam_XYZ.csv
2016
U.S. Geological Survey St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Timothy R. Nelson
Geologist
mailing and physical address
600 4th St. S
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8098
727-502-8182
trnelson@usgs.gov
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
20201013
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Point
Point
2,856,480
Universal Transverse Mercator
18
0.999600
-75.000000
0.000000
500000.000000
0.000000
row and column
0.6096
0.6096
meters
North American Datum 1983
Geodetic Reference System 80
6378137.000000
298.257222101
North American Vertical Datum 1988
0.01 m
meter
Attribute values
201505_Single_Beam_XYZ.csv
Comma-delimited x,y,z file containing location, elevation, and date information collected with personal watercraft
U.S. Geological Survey
Easting_m
NAD83 UTM x-axis coordinate (Zone 18)
U.S. Geological Survey
650037
680856
Meter
Northing_m
NAD83 UTM y-axis coordinate (Zone 18N)
U.S. Geological Survey
4497169
4512101
Meter
Elev_NAVD8_m
z-value (elevation) in NAVD88
U.S. Geological Survey
-18.94
-0.36
Meter
Line_Num
Line Number
U.S. Geological Survey
0.5
375.5
Vessel
Vessel ID Number
U.S. Geological Survey
1
2
Date
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) date and time of sample collection
U.S. Geological Survey
20150507 15:42:57
20150520 15:38:18
Comma-delimited x,y,z file containing UTM X, UTM Y locations and corresponding Z-elevation values, all in meters, as well as vessel ID, date and time of sample collection, and line number.
Nelson, T.R., Miselis, J.L., Hapke, C.J., Brenner, O.T., Henderson, R.E., Reynolds, B.J., Wilson, K.E., 2017, Coastal bathymetry data collected in May 2015 from Fire Island, New YorkâWilderness breach and shoreface: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1049, https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1049.
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Timothy R. Nelson
Geologist
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8098
727-502-8182
trnelson@usgs.gov
201505_Single_Beam_XYZ.csv
This digital publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
ASCII
ZIP
56.0
https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1049/downloads/201505_Single_Beam_XYZ.zip
None
20210922
20160824
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Kathleen E. Wilson
Researcher
mailing and physical address
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg
FL
33701
USA
727-502-8099
727-502-8182
kwilson@usgs.gov
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998