Selena A. Johnson David G. Zawada Kimberly K. Yates 20260202 tabular digital data, vector digital data Selena A. Johnson David G. Zawada Kimberly K. Yates 20260202 U.S. Geological Survey data release doi:10.5066/P1VGATCF St. Petersburg, FL U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center https://doi.org/P1VGATCF Coral reefs serve as natural barriers that protect adjacent shorelines from coastal hazards such as storms, waves, and erosion. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) conducted research to quantify the combined effect of all constructive and destructive processes on modern coral reef ecosystems by measuring regional-scale changes in seafloor elevation. USGS staff conducted research to quantify bathymetric changes in the Northern Florida Keys from Triumph Reef to Pickles Reef during two time periods, 1934 to 2002, and 2002 to 2016, within a 234.2 square-kilometer area. USGS staff calculated changes in seafloor elevation for both time periods using historical hydrographic surveys (H-sheets) collected by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (USC&GS) in 1934 and 1935, light detection and ranging (lidar)-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) acquired by the USGS in 2001 and 2002, and lidar-derived DEMs acquired by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 2016 and 2017. An elevation change analysis for the two time periods was performed to quantify and map impacts to seafloor elevation for the full study site and 3 sub-regions: Upper, Middle, and Lower. Elevation and volume change statistics were also computed for eleven habitat types found within the study area. For more information about the methods used in this study, refer to Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026). These data were used to provide a comprehensive assessment of the combined effect of all processes influencing seafloor accretion and erosion by measuring changes in seafloor elevation and volume for a coral reef ecosystem in the Florida Keys over the last several decades. This study is a follow-on study to previous work published in Yates and others (2017) and follows the same data processing steps as detailed in that publication. All data sources and descriptions used in the creation of ElevationChange_1934-2002.csv and ElevationChange_2002-2016.csv are listed in Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026), respectively. For both time periods, each sub-region CSV file (Upper, Middle, and Lower) is a duplicate of the complete study site CSV file (ElevationChange_1934-2002.csv or ElevationChange_2002-2016.csv) but clipped to the extent of the defined sub-region, and therefore, the same attributes are used. 1934 2002 2016 ground condition Complete None planned -80.46500169 -80.10980672 25.47811131 24.96580389 USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:98bf770e-bc4d-46f3-b745-d55544d6fdb0 USGS Thesaurus coelenterates geochemistry marine geology ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation elevation oceans None seafloor elevation sea level rise coral reefs seafloor accretion seafloor erosion Global Change Master Science Directory EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > BATHYMETRY/SEAFLOOR TOPOGRAPHY > WATER DEPTH EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > CORAL REEFS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > EROSION EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > SEA LEVEL RISE PROVIDERS > GOVERNMENT AGENCIES-U.S. FEDERAL AGENCIES > DOI > DOI/USGS/CMG > COASTAL AND MARINE GEOLOGY, U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR INSTRUMENTS > EARTH REMOTE SENSING INSTRUMENTS > ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING > PROFILERS/SOUNDERS > LIDAR/LASER SOUNDERS > LIDAR Geographic Names Information System Florida Keys State of Florida Pickles Reef Triumph Reef Oregon Geospatial Enterprise Office (GEO) Stratum Keyword epipelagic None 1934-2002 2002-2016 No access constraints. Please see 'Distribution Information' for details. These data are marked with a Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal License. These data are in the public domain and do not have any use constraints. Users are advised to read the dataset's metadata thoroughly to understand appropriate use and data limitations. Selena A. Johnson U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL Research Physical Scientist mailing and physical

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St. Petersburg FL 33701 USA 727-502-8053 selenajohnson@usgs.gov Environment as of Metadata Creation: Microsoft Windows 10 Enterprise Version 22H2; Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) ArcMap version 10.7 Yates, Kimberly K. Zawada, David G. Smiley, Nathan A. Tiling-Range, Ginger 20170420 Biogeosciences Volume 12, Issue 6 Munich, Germany European Geosciences Union https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-1739-2017 Johnson, Selena, A. Zawada, David G. Yates, Kimberly K. Jenkins, Connor, M. 20260201 Remote Sensing Volume 18, Issue 3 Basel, Switzerland MDPI https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18030463 A detailed accuracy assessment and error analysis are presented in Johnson and others (2026). Data cover area specified for this project without known issues. This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record for additional details pertaining to slightly different data processing steps used for the 2002-2016 elevation change data. Raw elevation measurements have been determined to be within 1-meter (m) horizontal accuracy. Horizontal point locations were projected to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83 [1986]), Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 17 North (17N) coordinate system. Elevations of the 2002 DEM are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-20 centimeters (cm). Elevations of the 2016 DEM are vertically consistent with the point elevation data, +/-15 cm. Vertical point locations were projected to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) coordinate system using the GEOID03 geoid model. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (USC&GS) 1935 raster digital data Online NOAA Office of Coast Survey https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hydro-survey-search/#!/ H-sheets 19340101 19350825 ground condition H05536, H05578, H05726A, H05878A, and H05879A Hydrographic sheets (h-sheets) collected in 1934 and 1935 used to calculate changes in seafloor elevation in the Northern Florida Keys study area. More information is available in Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026) about the methods used to derive seafloor elevation change using this data source. Brock, John C. Wright, Wayne C. Nayegandhi, Amar Patterson, Matt Travers, Laurinda J. Wilson, Iris 2007 raster digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20071432 DEM 20010710 20020809 ground condition 2001 and 2002 lidar-derived DEMs Lidar-derived DEMs collected in 2001 and 2002 used to calculate changes in seafloor elevation in the Northern Florida Keys study area. More information is available in Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026) about the methods used to derive seafloor elevation change using this data source. Brock, John C. Wright, Wayne C. Nayegandhi, Amar Patterson, Judd Harris, Melanie S. Mosher, Lance 2006 raster digital data Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20061118 DEM 20010710 20020809 ground condition 2001 and 2002 lidar-derived DEMs Lidar-derived DEMs collected in 2001 and 2002 used to calculate changes in seafloor elevation in the Northern Florida Keys study area. More information is available in Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026) about the methods used to derive seafloor elevation change using this data source. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 2017 raster digital data Charleston, SC NOAA Office for Coastal Management https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search DEM 20160721 20161121 ground condition 2016 lidar-derived DEM Lidar-derived DEM collected in 2016 used to calculate changes in seafloor elevation in the Northern Florida Keys study area. More information is available in Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026) about the methods used to derive seafloor elevation change using this data source. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) 2017 raster digital data Charleston, SC NOAA Office for Coastal Management https://coast.noaa.gov/dataviewer/#/lidar/search DEM 20170216 20170220 ground condition 2017 lidar-derived DEM Lidar-derived DEM collected in 2017 used to calculate changes in seafloor elevation in the Northern Florida Keys study area. More information is available in Yates and others (2017) and Johnson and others (2026) about the methods used to derive seafloor elevation change using this data source. To allow direct comparison between the time periods of 1934 to 2002 and 2002 to 2016, the geometric intersection between the 2002 and 2016 DEMs was defined. Using ArcMap version 10.7, footprints of the 2002 and 2016 merged DEMs were created using the "Reclassify (Spatial Analyst)" geoprocessing tool. To create each raster file, all old data values were replaced with 1 and 'No Data' values were left as 'No Data'. Then, the output raster was converted into a polygon shapefile (.shp) using the "Raster to Polygon (Conversion)" geoprocessing tool. A polygon shapefile of the geometric intersection between the 2002 and 2016 merged DEMs was created with the "Intersect (Analysis)" geoprocessing tool by adding the two DEM footprint shapefiles as 'Input features', creating Footprint_2016_NOAA_blocks2-4_clip_2002_EAARL_n83_1986_n88_g03_no_subaerial.shp file. The Footprint_2016_NOAA_blocks2-4_clip_2002_EAARL_n83_1986_n88_g03_no_subaerial.shp file was used to clip each dataset (h-sheets and lidar) prior to elevation and volume change analyses. Additional details are provided in Johnson and others (2026). This shapefile is provided in LidarOverlappingArea_2002-2016.zip. H05536, H05578, H05726A, H05878A, and H05879A 2001 and 2002 lidar-derived DEMs 2016 and 2017 lidar-derived DEMs 2020 Footprint_2016_NOAA_blocks2-4_clip_2002_EAARL_n83_1986_n88_g03_no_subaerial.shp Methods from Yates and others (2017) were used for the 1934-2002 Upper Florida Keys analysis for the smaller area in the Upper Florida Keys region used in this study. Yates and others (2017) also identified sub-regional patterns in elevation change for the 1934-2002 period. Shapefiles were created that define these sub-regional boundaries by hand for use in this study (UpperRegion.shp, MiddleRegion.shp, LowerRegion.shp). These shapefiles are included in the file Subregion_boundary_definitions.zip. 2020 ElevationChange_1934-2002.csv UpperRegion.shp MiddleRegion.shp LowerRegion.shp ElevationChange_1934-2002_LowerRegion.csv ElevationChange_1934-2002_MiddleRegion.csv ElevationChange_1934-2002_UpperRegion.csv The methods outlined in Johnson and others (2026) were performed for the 2002-2016 Northern Florida Keys and sub-regional elevation and volume change datasets in this release. 2020 ElevationChange_2002-2016.csv UpperRegion.shp MiddleRegion.shp LowerRegion.shp ElevationChange_2002-2016_LowerRegion.csv ElevationChange_2002-2016_MiddleRegion.csv ElevationChange_2002-2016_UpperRegion.csv Point Point 25926 Universal Transverse Mercator 17N 0.9996 -81 0.0 500000.0 0.0 coordinate pair 1 1 Meters North American Datum of 1983 (1986) GRS 1980 6378137.000000 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88) GEOID03 0.2 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates ElevationChange_1934-2002.csv Comma separated values (.csv) file, containing the elevation point locations and associated seafloor elevation change values for the full study area from 1934 to 2002. Additional data files were derived from this dataset, defined by the three sub-regions (lower, middle upper), also provided in .csv format. The range of values reported below are for the entire study area data file. USGS HSHEET Hydrographic survey sheet number. The hydrographic sheet (h-sheet) from which the historical bathymetric elevation data was collected. NOAA USC&GS (https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hydro-survey-search/#!/) H05536, H05578, H05726A, H05878A, H05879A YEAR Year the hydrographic sheet was published. NOAA USC&GS 1934 1935 Longitude (UTM, meters) NAD83(1986), UTM zone 17N geographic coordinate of sample point, in meters. USGS 554001.2320 589481.9666 Meters Latitude (UTM, meters) NAD83(1986), UTM zone 17N geographic coordinate of sample point, in meters. USGS 2761453.4630 2817998.9500 Meters Historical sounding (NAVD88 (GEOID03), meters) Historical sounding. Historical depth in NAVD88 using the GEOID03 geoid model. Negative values indicate positions below local mean sea level. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey -19.0321 -0.9554 Meters LiDAR elevation (NAVD88 (GEOID03), meters) Modern depth in NAVD88. Negative values indicate below local mean sea level. USGS -16.67037964 -0.972164929 Meters Difference = LiDAR - Historical (meters) The difference between the modern (lidar) and historical (H-sheets) depths. Negative values indicate loss of seafloor elevation. Positive values indicate a gain in seafloor elevation. USGS -8.254686717 6.464020674 Meters ElevationChange_2002-2016.csv Comma separated values (.csv) file, containing the elevation point locations and associated seafloor elevation change values for the full study area from 2002 to 2016. Additional data files were derived from this dataset, defined by the three sub-regions (lower, middle upper), also provided in .csv format. The range of values reported below are for the entire study area data file. USGS Longitude (UTM, meters) NAD83 (1986), UTM zone 17N geographic coordinate of sample point, in meters. USGS 554001.2320 589481.9666 Meters Latitude (UTM, meters) NAD83 (1986), UTM zone 17N geographic coordinate of sample point, in meters. USGS 2761453.4630 2817998.9500 Meters 2002 LiDAR elevation (NAVD88 (GEOID03), meters) 2002 LiDAR depth in NAVD88. Negative values indicate below local mean sea level. USGS -16.67037964 -0.972164929 Meters 2016 LiDAR elevation (NAVD88,GEOID03, meters) 2016 LiDAR depth in NAVD88. Negative values indicate below local mean sea level. USGS -16.64999962 -0.959999979 Meters Difference = 2016_LiDAR - 2002_LiDAR (meters) The difference between the modern (2016 lidar) and historical (2002 lidar) depths. Negative values indicate loss of seafloor elevation. Positive values indicate a gain in seafloor elevation. USGS -2.22014606 8.93669844 Meters LowerRegion.shp, MiddleRegion.shp, UpperRegion.shp: Boundary shapefiles were created by hand, that define the three sub-regional boundaries of the study area. These shapefiles are included in the file Subregion_boundary_definitions.zip. The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. Footprint_2016_NOAA_blocks2-4_clip_2002_EAARL_n83_1986_n88_g03_no_subaerial.shp: Footprint shapefile of the geometric intersection area between the 2002 and 2016 DEMs, used to produce the elevation change datasets. This shapefile is included in the file LidarOverlappingArea_2002-2016.zip. The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. UnifiedFloridaReefTract_n83_1986_g03_clip_2002_2016Lidars_clip_TIN.shp: Shapefile of the habitat map clipped to the intersecting area of the 2002 and 2016 DEMs, used to produce the elevation change datasets. This shapefile is included in the file HabitatMap_NAD83-1986.zip. The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information. U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center USGS SPCMSC Data Management mailing and physical

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Saint Petersburg FL 33701 United States 727-502-8000 gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov ElevationChange_1934-2002.csv, ElevationChange_1934-2002_LowerRegion.csv, ElevationChange_1934-2002_MiddleRegion.csv, ElevationChange_1934-2002_UpperRegion.csv, ElevationChange_2002-2016.csv, ElevationChange_2002-2016_LowerRegion.csv, ElevationChange_2002-2016_MiddleRegion.csv, ElevationChange_2002-2016_UpperRegion.csv, LowerRegion.shp, MiddleRegion.shp, UpperRegion.shp, Footprint_2016_NOAA_blocks2-4_clip_2002_EAARL_n83_1986_n88_g03_no_subaerial.shp, UnifiedFloridaReefTract_n83_1986_g03_clip_2002_2016Lidars_clip_TIN.shp Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. comma-delimited text, shapefile https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P1VGATCF/ElevationChange_1934_to_2002.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P1VGATCF/ElevationChange_2002_to_2016.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P1VGATCF/Subregion_boundary_definitions.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P1VGATCF/LidarOverlappingArea_2002-2016.zip https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-P1VGATCF/HabitatMap_NAD83-1986.zip None 20260202 U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center USGS SPCMSC Data Management mailing and physical

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Saint Petersburg FL 33701 United States 727-502-8000 gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998