Jin-Si R. Over 20240705 1.0 raster and tabular digital data data release DOI:10.5066/P14VBPYC Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VBPYC https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25 Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski 2024 1.0 digital files data release DOI:10.5066/P14VBPYC Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey Suggested citation: Over, J.R., Sherwood, C.R., and Traykovski, P.A., 2024, Topographic, bathymetric, and ground control data collected at Marconi Beach, Wellfleet, Massachusetts in March and April 2024: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VBPYC. https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VBPYC https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/662a9abed34ea70bd5f0aea1 The data in this release re-map the beach and nearshore environment at Marconi Beach in Wellfleet, MA and provide updated environmental context for the 2021 CoastCam installation that looks out at the coast shared by beachgoers, shorebirds, seals, and sharks. This is related to the field activity 2024-016-FA and a collaboration with the National Park Service at Cape Cod National Seashore to monitor the region that falls within the field of view of two video cameras aimed at the beach (CoastCam CACO-02). In March and April 2024, U.S. Geological Survey and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) scientists conducted field surveys to collect topographic and bathymetric data. A camera (Ricoh GRII) attached to a helium filled balloon-kite (Helikite) took images of the beach for use in structure from motion. High-precision GPS targets (AeroPoints V2) were used as ground control points. Bathymetry was collected in the nearshore using a single-beam echosounder mounted on a surf capable self-righting electric autonomous surface vehicle. Agisoft Metashape (v. 2.1.0) was used to create a digital surface model and orthomosaic with the collected imagery. Ground control points (GCPs) are used in the structure from motion (SfM) workflow to produce the high-resolution elevation and true-color dataset, which can be used to observe conditions and change over time and to validate the CoastCam CACO-02. For more information about the WHCMSC Field Activity, see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/services/activity.php?fan=2024-016-FA. Bounding coordinates refer to the maximum extent of the SfM data. 20240322 ground condition; one day of data collection on March 22, 2024 Complete Not planned -69.96480998 -69.96185505 41.89494946 41.89078264 None U.S. Geological Survey USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program CMHRP Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center WHCMSC shoreline Helikite AeroPoint Agisoft Metashape Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords aerial and satellite photography USGS Thesaurus remote sensing image mosaics digital elevation models structure from motion geospatial datasets GPS measurement ISO 19115 Topic Category geoscientificInformation oceans location elevation USGS Metadata Identifier USGS:662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25 Common geographic areas United States Massachusetts Cape Cod Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) Marconi Beach Wellfleet None Public domain (CC0-1.0) data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geographer mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2297 jover@usgs.gov https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25?name=2024-016-FA_Marconi_SfM_browse.JPG&allowOpen=true (left) Elevation relative to NAVD88-colored image of topography and (right) true color orthomosaic of the field site. Blue flags indicate the location of the ground control points. JPEG Agisoft Metashape Pro v. 2.1.0, Propeller Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski 2023 raster and tabular data data release DOI:10.5066/P99ST3LT Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication is the survey data of Marconi Beach from 2023. https://doi.org/10.5066/P99ST3LT Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski Marie K. Bartlett 2022 raster and tabular data data release DOI:10.5066/P9L1KCQB Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication is the survey data of Marconi Beach from 2022. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9L1KCQB Jin-Si R. Over Chris R. Sherwood Peter A. Traykovski Eric E. Marsjanik 2021 raster and tabular data data release DOI:10.5066/P9POZ9VH Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication is the survey data of Marconi Beach from 2021. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9POZ9VH Jin-Si R. Over Andrew C. Ritchie Christine J. Kranenburg Jenna A. Brown Daniel D. Buscombe Tom Noble Christopher R. Sherwood Jonathan A. Warrick Phillipe A. Wernette 2021 Open-File Report 2021-1039 Reston, VA U.S. Geological Survey This publication includes the general methodology for processing imagery in Metashape to produce digital surface models and ortho products. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211039 GCP error in the Metashape project is used to assess overall error in the products. Products are also compared to previous surveys to make sure stable points still align. Additional sources of error such as poor image-to-image point matching due to vegetation or uniform substrate texture or moving objects resulting in poor surface reconstruction may cause localized errors in some portions of the DSM to exceed accuracy estimates. The orthomosaic and digital surface model (DSM) are created from GCPs and imagery (see the larger work citation). The extent of the orthomosaic is greater than the DSM because it includes water and edges that do not photogrammetrically reconstruct. All data fall into expected elevation ranges except for points near buildings, the edges, and near water, where the data return is often sparse, noisy, and erroneous. GeoTIFFs are cloud optimized. The DSM provided is not interpolated between data holes. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. The GCPs (n=10) have a theoretical accuracy of 1-2 cm. The horizontal RMSE of the GCPs was xy: 0.008, 0.014 (m). The final products were compared to the previous survey (see cross-reference) and the orthos and DSMs align at stable features. The GCPs (n=10) have a theoretical accuracy of 1-2 cm. The vertical RMSE of the GCPs was z: 0.006 (m). The final products were compared to the previous survey at Head of the Meadow (see cross-reference) and orthos and DSMs align at stable features. The ground control points were processed with the following steps: 1. Ten AeroPoint 2s were deployed evenly spaced across the survey area. AeroPoint 2s were left on for ~3 hours to collect GNSS data. 2. Once connected to Wifi, the AeroPoint 2 data were uploaded and run through a post-processing kinematic algorithm of the CORS network to get a global accuracy. The data were exported with xyz variances in the horizontal datum NAD83(2011) to produce latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid heights, and then UTM19N and NAVD88 using Geoid 18 was used to produce orthometric heights. These are exported to a CSV file and named 2024-016-FA_Marconi_GCPs.csv. 202403 DSM and orthomosaic was created in Agisoft Metashape Pro v. 2.1.0 using the following general steps (see Over and others, 2021 for details): 1. Metashape project was created with imagery (located in larger work citation 2024-016-FA_Marconi_imagery.zip). Photos were aligned at a low accuracy and then GCPs were automatically detected in the point cloud. The ten GCPs were located and location information added using the CSV file from the previous step. 2. GCP horizontal and vertical accuracy was set to 0.01/0.02 m. The photos were re-aligned with high accuracy (the pixels are not subsampled for increased processing speed) using a keypoint limit of 40,000 and unlimited tie points. 3. Metashape software refined and optimized, using least squares, the camera positions, GCPs, and lens model using gradual selection and optimization parameters of: Reprojection uncertainty = 20, Projection accuracy = 5, and Reprojection error = 0.3 to minimize the distance between the measured points and the software created points (see Over and others, (2021) for a detailed discussion on these parameters). 4. A dense point cloud was generated using high-quality (images are not subsampled) and a low frequency filtering algorithm. The dense point cloud was then edited by hand to remove erroneous points before generating a DSM with interpolation disabled. 5. The DSM was then exported (2024-016-FA_Marconi_DSM_UTM19N_NAVD88_5cm.tif). 6. A second DSM with interpolation enabled was created and from that surface an orthomosaic using the RGB averaged method was created. The orthomosiac was then exported (2024-011-FA_HOM_RGBavg_UTM19N_5cm.tif). 7. Products were Adobe deflate compressed and cloud optimized using gdal_translate with the following command: for %i in (.\*.tif) do gdal_translate %i .\%~ni_cog.tif -of COG -stats -co BLOCKSIZE=256 -co COMPRESS=DEFLATE -co PREDICTOR=YES -co NUM_THREADS=ALL_CPUS -co BIGTIFF=YES (v. 3.1.4 accessed October 20, 2020 https://gdal.org/), where i is the name of each GeoTIFF. 202404 Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geographer mailing and physical address

384 Woods Hole Rd

Woods Hole MA 02543 508-548-8700 x2297 jover@usgs.gov Universal Transverse Mercator 19 0.999600 -69.000000 0.000000 500000.000000 0.000000 row and column 0.001 0.001 meters North American Datum of 1983 (National Spatial Reference System 2011) GRS_1980 6378137.0 298.257222101 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.001 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates 2024-016-FA_Marconi_DSM_UTM19N_NAVD88_5cm.tif A raster dataset with encoded elevation values of Marconi Beach in Wellfleet, MA on March 22, 2023. Pixel resolution is 5 cm. USGS Value Surface elevation orthometric height NAVD88 (m) using Geoid 2018 in NAD83(2011) UTM Zone 19N producer defined -999 No data Producer-defined -0.793 22.279 meters 2024-011-FA_Marconi_RGBavg_UTM19N_5cm.tif Pixel based raster matrix with 3 layers of information for each pixel. Producer defined Band_1 Red wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 3 255 Band_2 Green wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 2 255 Band_3 Blue wavelength band Agisoft Metashape 0 255 2024-016-FA_Marconi_GCPs.csv Ground control point (AeroPoint 2) positions, elevations, and attributes USGS FAN USGS Field Activity Number USGS 2024-016-FA Year, USGS ID, and Field Activity USGS Date Calendar date of collection USGS 20240322 YYYYMMDD USGS Point ID Unique point identification number. Processor defined 1 10 Attributes Unique identifier for ground control points. Prefix AERO### refers to the AeroPoints 2 and the last 3 digits of its identifying code. producer defined Character string. Latitude NAD83[2011] Post-processed latitude of AeroPoint 2 position (NAD83[2011]). USGS 41.89122624 41.89364555 decimal degrees Longitude NAD83[2011] Post-processed longitude of AeroPoint 2 position (NAD83[2011]). None -69.96340629 -69.96223365 decimal degrees Ellipsoid NAD83[2011] Post-processed height in meters of AeroPoint in relation to the NAD83(2011) reference ellipsoid. None -26.023 -11.205 meters Northing 19N Post-processed interpolated X-coordinate of AeroPoint in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N. USGS 4638147.013 4638416.341 meters Easting 19N Post-processed interpolated Y-coordinate of AeroPoint in NAD83(2011)/UTM Zone 19N. USGS 420079.424 420174.429 meters Orthometric NAVD88 Post-processed Z-coordinate of AeroPoint using NAVD88 with Geoid 18 applied. USGS 1.777 16.595 meters Xvar mm Variance in the X-coordinate from post-processing producer defined 1.2 8.2 millimeters Yvar mm Variance in the Y-coordinate from post-processing producer defined 1.7 12.6 millimeters Zvar mm Variance in the Z-coordinate from post-processing producer defined 4.4 11.1 millimeters Baseline distance km distance of AeroPoint 2 from nearest used processing network base station Propeller 0.04 12.04 kilometers The filenames of the rasters are formatted as "2024-016-FA_Marconi_product_HCRS_VCRS_resolution.tif", where 2024-016 is the USGS Field activity ID, location is Marconi, product is either DSM or RGBavg, the horizontal coordinate reference system (HCRS) is UTM19N, the vertical coordinate reference system (VCRS) is NAVD88, and resolution is 5 cm. The attributes of the GCP CSV describe each column of information in the file. USGS Field Activity 2024-016-FA U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase mailing and physical address

Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302

Denver CO 80225 1-888-275-8747 sciencebase@usgs.gov Files are the SfM products and georeferencing data of Marconi Beach in 2024. Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. GeoTIFF 1.0.0 GeoTIFF format Adobe deflate compressed 2024-016-FA_Marconi_RGBavg_UTM19N_5cm.tif (46.9 MB) is an orthomosaic and 2024-016-FA_Marconi_DSM_UTM19N_NAVD88_5cm.tif (66.8 MB) is an elevation raster. 46.9 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25 https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VBPYC The first link in the list above is to directly download all the data on the page, the second link is to the child page, and the third link is the doi to the main publication. CSV Exported from Excel Office 365 16.01 The CSV file 2024-016-FA_Marconi_GCPs.csv contains ground control data. 0.01 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25 https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/662a9b7cd34ea70bd5f0af25 https://doi.org/10.5066/P14VBPYC The first link in the list above is to directly download all the data on the page, the second link is to the child page, and the third link is the doi to the main publication. none GIS software capable of reading a GeoTIFF. 20240705 Jin-Si R. Over U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center Geographer mailing and physical

U.S. Geological Survey

384 Woods Hole Rd.

Woods Hole MA 02543-1598 508-548-8700 x2297 whsc_data_contact@usgs.gov The metadata contact email address is a generic address in the event the person is no longer with USGS. Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998 local time