Page C. Valentine
2017
Seabed still images in JPEG format collected on Stellwagen Bank on U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2015-062-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, Oct. 21 and 22 and Nov. 3 and 4 2015
1.0
raster
data release
DOI:10.5066/F7N015FS
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/
Page C. Valentine
VeeAnn A. Cross
2017
Sea floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD data collected in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, MA in 2015, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2015-062-FA
1.0
data release
DOI:10.5066/F7N015FS
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C. and Cross, V.A., 2017, Sea floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD data collected in Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, MA in 2015, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2015-062-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS.
https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/
This field activity is part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited 75 locations on Stellwagen Bank at which a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and temperature, conductivity, and depth measurements of the water column. Additional information regarding this field activity is available from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fa=2015-062-FA.
To provide still images representative of the sea floor that were extracted from video imagery acquired with the SEABed OBservation and Sampling System (SEABOSS). These data provide ground-truth information for geophysical datasets and are used in seabed interpretations. The images have location information in the EXIF header and are also the same as the station locations in the 2015-062-FA_station_data_summary file available from the Larger Work citation.
20151021
20151104
ground condition of when data were collected. There were four days of data collection. October 21-22 and November 3-4, 2015.
None planned
-70.457330
-70.138830
42.420630
42.151420
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:01b48202-4066-4aa9-84db-ae5328059c00
None
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
Coastal and Marine Geology Program
CMGP
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
WHCMSC
sea floor images
seabed photographs
ground-truth
seabed images
JPEG
SEABed Observation and Sampling System
SEABOSS
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
geoscientificInformation
USGS Thesaurus
image collections
sea-floor characteristics
marine geology
field monitoring stations
None
North America
United States
Massachusetts
Atlantic Ocean
Stellwagen Bank
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
SBNMS
Massachusetts Bay
None.
None.
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/data/imagery/2015-062-FA_seabedimage_browse.jpg
Browse graphic of an example seabed still image on Stellwagen Bank.
JPEG
D.S. Blackwood
K.F. Parolski
2001
Seabed observation and sampling system
Sea Technology
v. 42, no. 2, p.39-43
P. Valentine
D. Blackwood
K. Parolski
2000
Seabed observation and sampling system
U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet
FS-142-00
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/
The image names are in the format staXXXX_Y.jpg where XXXX is the station number and Y is the image number at that station. Each station has 2 images - one showing a broader view of the landscape and the second a close-up of the seabed. These images are from the same camera, the difference in view is related to the closeness of the SEABOSS system to the seafloor. All the images are from one camera except station 4382. Station 4382 images are from a second camera mounted higher on the SEABOSS system because the preferred camera was non-functional. Although the images are not from the exact same location (the two photos from a station), the EXIF header information in each is the same. This is because the video the images were extracted from did not display time. So the navigation fix is based on the station location recorded in the cruise log book. Or the drift line end location recorded in the log book. These fixes may not exactly fall on the video drift line as the video drift line navigation points are extracted from the GPS system based on time. Offsets are a result of rounding error or number of decimal places of the location fix. The 2015-062-FA_station_data_summary (available from the Larger Work citation) station locations are the same as the image locations at each station number.
Each station has 2 images - one showing a broader view of the landscape and the second a close-up of the seabed. With 75 stations, this makes a total of 150 JPEG images.
Although the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is available in the EXIF header of each image, which is derived from the station data summary file (available from the Larger Work citation). The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30, GPS receiver) at one second intervals with a horizontal accuracy of 10 m. The navigation antenna is located 5.3 m forward of the SEABOSS deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition (navigation fixes represent antenna location).
Seabed video images were collected using a battery-operated, high-definition (1920 x 1080 pixels) GoPro digital video camera mounted on the USGS SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS). The SEABOSS system actually had two GoPro cameras attached to it - with the second camera mounted a little higher on the frame which only shows a partial view of the seabed. This second camera was used only to observe obstacles, like gill nets and lobster gear, in order to avoid entanglement. Or, in the case of station 4382, provide a backup system if the primary camera failed.
As the SEABOSS drifted over the seabed, the forward-looking camera imaged the seabed at a rate of 60 frames per second from an altitude of ~1 meter. Lighting was provided by two, battery-operated Keldan LED video lights. Each light provided a light flux of up to 9000 lumens at a correlated color temperature of 5000 kelvins. Two parallel red lasers mounted 20 centimeters apart provided a scale in the video images.
Video imagery includes the launch and recovery of the SEABOSS, transit through the water column, and the drift over the seabed. The duration of individual video files ranges from 4 to 12 minutes. Video files are archived in .MP4 format and range in size from 0.9 to 2.6 gigabytes. These video files are not available as part of this data release.
Video files are archived at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, 384 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543.
2015
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
Video frame-grab images were extracted from high-definition (1920 x 1080 pixels) GoPro digital video by reviewing the video from each station and saving a frame-grab image that clearly showed the seabed. These images were obtained using open source VLC Media Player software (version 2.0.0) developed by the VideoLAN project. http://www.videolan.org/vlc/index.html
Two video frame-grab images are provided for each station. One image (staxxxx_1.jpg) shows a broad view of the landscape as the SEABOSS drifted over the seabed. The second image (staxxxx_2.jpg) shows a close-up of the seabed as the SEABOSS was stationary during the collection of the sediment sample. The xxxx is the station number. Where visible, the two parallel red lasers mounted 20 cm apart provide a scale.
2016
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
Using the AUK2015062_station_data_summary.csv, the approximate time and location of each photo was derived. The station location (latitude and longitude), date and time for each station was extracted from the CSV file. This information was reformatted using an awk script so that the following columns of information were available: image name (based on the station number), julian day, GPS date (in the format YYYYMMDD), GPS time (in the format HH:MM:SS), latitude, and longitude. This information was written to a CSV file - 2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv. This process step and subsequent process steps (unless otherwise noted), were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross.
AUK2015062_station_data_summary.csv
2016
2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
A python script (writeexif_2_readfile_11_24_15.py executed with IDLE version 2.7.3) was then run that incorporated the information from 2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv, along with additional information, into the appropriate locations in the EXIF header of each GoPro grab image at each station. Although the two images from each station aren't from exactly the same place, the same information for that station was populated in each photo.The PYTHON script uses ExifTool (version 9.4.6.0) to write the information to the image headers of the full-resolution images. The following tags were populated in the JPEG image headers. Information is duplicated in some tags. This was done because different software packages access different tags.
>
GPS tags: The values populated are unique for each image and based on the information exported from the photo locations shapefile.
>
>GPSLatitudeRef
>GPSLatitude
>GPSLongitudeRef
>GPSLongitude
>GPSTimeStamp
>GSPDateStamp
>
JPEG tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it.
>
comment:Image grabs from a GoPro digital video camera mounted on the USGS SEABOSS deployed from the R/V Auk during survey 2015-062-FA (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2015-062-FA).
>
EXIF tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
>
>ImageDescription:Image grab of the sea floor in Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2015-062-FA
>Artist: Page C. Valentine
>Copyright: Public Domain - please credit the U.S. Geological Survey
>
IPTC tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
>
>Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
>Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov
>Keywords: Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, 2015-062-FA, SEABOSS, sea floor, USGS, ground-truth
>CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey
>Caption-Abstract: Image grab of the sea floor in Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2015-062-FA
>
XMP tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
>
>Caption: Image grab of the sea floor in Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2015-062-FA
>
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 9.4.6.0):
>
exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription *.jpg > out.csv
>
The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees.
2015-062-FA_image_locations.csv
*.jpg
2016
*.jpg
Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword.
20200908
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Location information in the EXIF header and also indicated by the station location in the station data summary data file (available from the Larger Work citation).
0.000001
0.000001
Decimal degrees
D_WGS_1984
WGS_1984
6378137.000000
298.257224
Although the seabed images do not have attributes per se, the EXIF header information can be extracted or viewed to give additional information about each image.
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
2015-062-FA_SeabedImages.zip contains the 150 JPEG images that are grabs from the video (2 images at each station), the browse graphic (2015-062-FA_seabedimage_browse.jpg) and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in TXT, XML, and HTML formats.
Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
JPEG
The zip file contains JPEG image files, browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata.
9
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/data/imagery/2015-062-FA_SeabedImages.zip
https://doi.org/10.5066/F7N015FS
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2015-062-FA/
The first link is to download the data in a zip file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. Although the last two links go to the same place, one is the DOI designation of the publication.
none
The zip file contains images in JPEG format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the zip file and viewing the JPEG images.
20200908
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998