Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
      Publication_Date: 2007
      Title: SEDTHICK_GRD - ESRI ArcRaster grid representing the isopach of Holocene surficial sediment within the inner shelf of Long Bay, South Carolina
      Edition: 1.0
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
      Series_Information:
        Series_Name: Open-File Report
        Issue_Identification: 2005-1346
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
        Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1346/ArcGIS/Seismic_srf/sedthick_grd.zip
      Larger_Work_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Baldwin, W.E.
          Originator: Denny, J.F
          Originator: Schwab, W.C.
          Originator: Gayes, P.T.
          Originator: Morton, R.A.
          Originator: Driscoll, N.W.
          Publication_Date: 2007
          Title: Geologic Framework Studies of South Carolina's Long Bay from Little River Inlet to Winyah Bay, 1999-2003; geospatial data release
          Edition: 1.0
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Open-File Report
            Issue_Identification: 2005-1346
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
            Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
          Other_Citation_Details: 1 DVD-ROM
          Online_Linkage: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1346/
  Description:
    Abstract: In 1999, the USGS, in partnership with the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, began a study to investigate processes affecting shoreline change along the northern coast of South Carolina, focusing on the Grand Strand region. Previous work along the U.S. Atlantic coast shows that the structure and composition of older geologic strata located seaward of the coast heavily influences the coastal behavior of areas with limited sediment supply, such as the Grand Strand. By defining this geologic framework and identifying the transport pathways and sinks of sediment, geoscientists are developing conceptual models of the present-day physical processes shaping the South Carolina coast. The primary objectives of this research effort are: 1) to provide a regional synthesis of the shallow geologic framework underlying the coastal upland, shoreface and inner continental shelf, and define its role in coastal evolution and modern beach behavior; 2) to identify and model the physical processes affecting coastal ocean circulation and sediment transport, and to define their role in shaping the modern shoreline; and 3) to identify sediment sources and transport pathways; leading to construction of a regional sediment budget.
    Purpose: This data set contains an isopach surface depicting the thickness of Holocene surficial sediment within the inner shelf of Long Bay, offshore of the South Carolina Grand Strand. Chirp seismic data collected with Benthos SIS-1000 and Edgetech SB-512 acquisition systems were processed using SIOSEIS (Scripps Institute of Oceanography) and Seismic Unix (Colorado School of Mines) to produce segy files and jpg images of the profiles. Data were then imported into Landmark SeisWorks, a digital seismic interpretation package, where the sea floor and underlying transgressive surface (trans_grd) were interpreted and digitized. The isopach between these horizons was exported at every 50th shot as xyz points, and imported to ArcGIS for interpolation into a 10-m raster grid. Each Chirp system has a maximum vertical resolution of ~ 50 cm, so only values greater than 50 cm were used to produce the isopach grid. This does not mean that all no-data values within the grid are representative of no surficial sediment along the inner shelf, but does indicate that these areas likely contain accumulations of less than 50 cm.
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 1999
        Ending_Date: 2003
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -79.159554
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -78.515142
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.856092
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.188721
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
      Theme_Keyword: USGS
      Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
      Theme_Keyword: CMGP
      Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center
      Theme_Keyword: WHSC
      Theme_Keyword: Seafloor
      Theme_Keyword: Marine Geology
      Theme_Keyword: Seismic Reflection Profile
      Theme_Keyword: Benthos SIS-1000
      Theme_Keyword: Edgetech SB-512
      Theme_Keyword: Chirp
      Theme_Keyword: ArcGIS Raster
      Theme_Keyword: Holocene
      Theme_Keyword: surficial sediment
      Theme_Keyword: isopach
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: oceans
      Theme_Keyword: oceans and coastal
      Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
      Theme_Keyword: geoscientific Information
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
      Theme_Keyword: Grand Strand
      Theme_Keyword: North Myrtle Beach
      Theme_Keyword: Myrtle Beach
      Theme_Keyword: Surfside
      Theme_Keyword: Garden City
      Theme_Keyword: Pawleys Island
      Theme_Keyword: Waites Island
      Theme_Keyword: Southeast United States
      Theme_Keyword: United States
      Theme_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: These data should not be used at resolutions for which it is not intended. Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution.  Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1346/images/sedthick_grd.jpg
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: isopach of Holocene surficial sediment thickness within the Long Bay inner shelf
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.780
Data_Quality_Information:
  Logical_Consistency_Report: No additional checks for topological consistency were performed on the data.
  Completeness_Report: All available interpretations of Holocene surficial sediment are included in this data set.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Seismic navigation was by differential GPS; positional accuracy to less than 10 m
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Seismic data are not corrected for tides. Thickness of Holocene surficial sediments was calculated as the distance between the seafloor and the underlying transgressive surface from interpretation of seismic reflection profiles.
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Seismic profiles were interpreted in Landmark software. Each seismic profile was reviewed and acoustic reflectors representing the seafloor and underlying transgressive surface were digitized. An isopach representing Holocene surficial sediment was calculated.
      Process_Date: 2003
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: The isopach was exported as x,y,z (thickness values) and then imported to ArcGIS as point shapefiles.
      Process_Date: 2003
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description:
        XYZ point data were used to generate a Triangulated Irregular Network surface using ARCGIS Create TIN and Edit TIN.

                The resulting TIN surface was converted to a floating point grid using ARCGIS TIN to Raster, specifying the natural neighbors method and 100 meter cell size.
      Process_Date: 2003
      Process_Contact:
        Contact_Information:
          Contact_Person_Primary:
            Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
            Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
          Contact_Position: Geologist
          Contact_Address:
            Address_Type: mailing and physical address
            Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
            City: Woods Hole
            State_or_Province: MA
            Postal_Code: 02543
            Country: USA
          Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
          Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
          Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
    Row_Count: 7283
    Column_Count: 5828
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 17
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.00000
            False_Easting: 500000.000000
            False_Northing: 0.00000
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 100.00
          Ordinate_Resolution: 100.00
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
  Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Depth_System_Definition:
      Depth_Datum_Name: Mean lower low water
      Depth_Resolution: 0.5
      Depth_Distance_Units: meters
      Depth_Encoding_Method: Explicit depth coordinate included with horizontal coordinates
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Thickness of Holocene sediment ESRI GRID format.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability: Although all data have been used by the USGS, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy of the data and/or related materials. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: ARCG
        Format_Version_Number: ArcGIS 9.0
        Format_Specification: ESRI ArcRaster GRID format
        Format_Information_Content: no compression applied
        Transfer_Size: 162.669
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1346/ArcGIS/Seismic_Srf/sedthick_grd.zip
        Offline_Option:
          Offline_Media: DVD-ROM
          Recording_Capacity:
            Recording_Density: 4.75
            Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes
          Recording_Format: UDF
    Fees: none
  Technical_Prerequisites: These data are available in Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) GRID format. The user must have software capable of importing and processing the data file.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20070117
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Person_Primary:
        Contact_Person: Wayne Baldwin
        Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
      Contact_Position: Geologist
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical address
        Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
        City: Woods Hole
        State_or_Province: MA
        Postal_Code: 02543
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2226
      Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: wbaldwin@usgs.gov
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Extensions:
    Online_Linkage: Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html
