sunillum.tif: Sun-illuminated topographic imagery of the seafloor in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.

Metadata also available as

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Page C. Valentine
Originator: Tanya S. Unger
Originator: Jessica L. Baker
Publication_Date: 2005
Title:
sunillum.tif: Sun-illuminated topographic imagery of the seafloor in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
Issue_Identification: 2840
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/sunillum/sunillum.zip>
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Page C. Valentine
Publication_Date: 2005
Title:
Sea floor image maps showing topography, sun-illuminated topography, backscatter intensity, ruggedness, slope, and the distribution of boulder ridges and bedrock outcrops in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts
Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Scientific Investigations Map
Issue_Identification: 2840
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Other_Citation_Details: scale 1:60,000, 6 maps, 12 sheets
Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/>
Description:
Abstract:
The sun-illuminated topographic imagery of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts covers an area of approximately 1100 square nautical miles. The Stellwagen Bank NMS Mapping Project is designed to provide detailed maps of the Stellwagen Bank region's environments and habitats and the first complete multibeam topographic and sea floor characterization maps of a significant region of the shallow EEZ. Data were collected on four cruises over a two year period from the fall of 1994 to the fall of 1996. The surveys were conducted aboard the Canadian Hydrographic Service vessel Frederick G. Creed, a SWATH (Small Waterplane Twin Hull) ship that surveys at speeds of up to 16 knots.
Purpose:
Development of interpretive seabed maps, sea floor imagery, and a GIS database that are accessible to scientists, policymakers, managers, and the general public.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1994
Ending_Date: 1998
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.6
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.0333
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.8
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.0833
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Theme_Keyword: Geographic Information Systems
Theme_Keyword: GIS
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Theme_Keyword: CMGP
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHSC
Theme_Keyword: Frederick G. Creed
Theme_Keyword: Swath Bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: topographic data
Theme_Keyword: sea floor topography
Theme_Keyword: bathymetry
Theme_Keyword: sun-illuminated imagery
Theme_Keyword: gray scale image
Theme_Keyword: GeoTIFF image
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans and estuaries
Theme_Keyword: imageryBaseMapsEarthCover
Theme_Keyword: elevation
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: General
Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
Place_Keyword: MA
Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
Place_Keyword: SBNMS
Place_Keyword: Shallow EEZ
Place_Keyword: EEZ
Place_Keyword: Gulf of Maine
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Place_Keyword: Boston
Access_Constraints: none
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as the source of this information. Not to be used for navigational purposes.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: U.S. Geological Survey
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name:
<http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/sunillum/sunillum-thumb.gif>
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Thumbnail image showing overview of the sun-illuminated topographic imager of the seafloor in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name:
<http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/sunillum/sunillum-browse.gif>
Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Image showing overview of the sun-illuminated topographic imager of the seafloor in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Page C. Valentine
Originator: Tammie J. Middleton
Originator: Sarah J. Fuller
Publication_Date: 2001
Title:
Sea floor maps showing topography, sun-illuminated topography, and backscatter intensity of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts
Edition: 1.01
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Open-File Report
Issue_Identification: 00-410
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Online_Linkage: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/of00-410/>
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Page C. Valentine
Originator: Tanya S. Unger
Originator: Jessica L. Baker
Publication_Date: 2003
Title:
Sun-illuminated sea floor topography of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary off Boston, Massachusetts
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Geologic Investigations Map
Issue_Identification: I-2676-B
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The ship's position was determined with an accuracy of 10 m or better using a Magnavox 4200 geographic positioning system (GPS) receiver in conjunction with differential GPS corrections transmitted by U.S. Coast Guard radio beacons. At the start of each day, casts were made to record the sound velocity profile of the water column in the area to be surveyed. Sound velocity information was updated during the day whenever the survey moved from one area to another. Tidal corrections based on NOAA's Boston tide gauge were used to reference depth data to mean lower low water. Sounding rates depend on water depth but vary from 2 to 4 per second in water depths less than 100 meters. Horizontal spatial resolution at these sounding rates is on the order of 10% of the water depth at 16 knots; however, vertical resolution is approximately 1% or better in the same depth range.
Completeness_Report:
The bathymetric data are displayed in real time on the Sun workstation using software designed and written by the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick. This display allows data gaps to be identified during the survey and also gives a measure of the data quality.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Sounding rates depend on water depth but vary from 2 to 4 per second in water depths less than 100 meters. Horizontal spatial resolution at these sounding rates is on the order of 10% of the water depth at 16 knots; however, vertical resolution is approximately 1% or better in the same depth range.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Sounding rates depend on water depth but vary from 2 to 4 per second in water depths less than 100 meters. Horizontal spatial resolution at these sounding rates is on the order of 10% of the water depth at 16 knots; however, vertical resolution is approximately 1% or better in the same depth range.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The navigation and topographic data were both edited using SwathEd, a suite of multibeam software editing and display tools developed by Dr. John Hughes Clarke of the Ocean Mapping Group, University of New Brunswick (UNB).. Tidal corrections were obtained from NOAA's Boston Tide Gauge (Station 8443970) and merged into the data set using UNB's tidal routines. The topographic information was converted into an ASCII text file containing lat, long, and depth fields, using a script created by Bill Danforth at the U.S. Geological Survey. The ASCII file was brought into Arc/Info, and a grid was generated and processed using ESRI's Arc/Info version 7.0.4 software. A point coverage containing depth values was created using the routine point-generate.

The grid was created based on the depth values for each of the points using the command pointgrid. The grid was filtered with a 9 by 9 focalmedian filter. Contours were generated using latticecontour. All editing and edgematching was done by hand using arcedit. The shaded relief images shown here were created using a light source that is 45 degrees above the horizon from an azimuth of 350 degrees. The vertical exaggeration in the images is four times. In effect, topographic relief is enhanced by illuminating the sea floor from a position 10 degrees west of north so that shadows are cast on the southern flanks of seabed features. Some features in the images are artifacts of data collection. They are especially noticeable where the seabed is smooth and include small highs and lows and unnatural-looking features and patterns that are oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey tracklines.

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 8060
Column_Count: 4718
Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Mercator
Mercator:
Standard_Parallel: 41.65
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -70.3167
False_Easting: 0
False_Northing: 0
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 10.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 10.000000
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Sun-illuminated topographic imagery combines contoured topography and sun-illuminated topographic imagery. The image shown here uses a sun elevation angle of 45 degrees above the horizon from an azimuth of 350 degrees and a vertical exaggeration of four times. In effect, topographic relief is enhanced by having the sun illuminate the sea floor from a position 10 degrees west of north so that shadows are cast on the southern flanks of seabed features. Unnatural-looking stripes and patterns oriented parallel or perpendicular to survey track lines are artifacts of data collection. Blank areas represent places where no data exists. The topographic imagery is identical to that shown on Sheet 3 of this report.
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: U.S. Geological Survey
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior, no warranty expressed or implied is made by the U.S. Geological Survey as to the accuracy of the data. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: TIFF
Format_Specification: GeoTIFF
Format_Information_Content:
A zip archive containing the GeoTIFF image, associated world file, and metadata.
File_Decompression_Technique: zip
Transfer_Size: 0.000
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Address:
Network_Resource_Name: <http://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/2005/2840/data/sunillum/sunillum.zip>
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: DVD-ROM
Recording_Capacity:
Recording_Density: 4.75
Recording_Density_Units: Gbytes
Recording_Format: UDF
Fees: None
Technical_Prerequisites:
This image is available as a GEOTIFF image with an accompanying world file. To utilize this data, the user must have an image viewer, image processing or GIS software package capable of importing a GeoTIFF image.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20050823
Metadata_Review_Date: 20050822
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: U.S. Geological Survey
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
Generated by mp version 2.8.6 on Tue Aug 23 06:45:43 2005