Page C. Valentine
2020
Station and data summary for data collected on Stellwagen Bank during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2016-038-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, Sept. 16 and 19, 2016
1.0
vector and tabular digital data
data release
DOI:10.5066/P91MNNSN
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
Page C. Valentine
VeeAnn A. Cross
2020
Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C., and Cross, V.A., 2020, Station information, Seabed and Sample Imagery, and CTD Instrument Data Collected on Stellwagen Bank in September, 2016, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2016-038-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN .
1.0
data release
DOI:10.5066/P91MNNSN
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
Suggested citation:
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
This field activity is part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited 41 locations on Stellwagen Bank at which a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and measurements of water column properties.
The record of data acquired at each station provides water depths, times, and coordinates of video imagery and samples to aid in the interpretation and mapping of seabed substrate types. This data summary file indicates what data are available for the interpretation at each station.
Additional information regarding the field activity can be obtained from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2016-038-FA . The grain-size analyses of the sediment samples collected during this field activity is available in a separate publication (Valentine and Cross, 2019; link available from the cross-reference citation).
20160916
20160919
ground condition when data were collected
None planned
-70.457580
-70.140550
42.421230
42.171830
USGS Metadata Identifier
USGS:94fb0e2b-bfa5-43b0-8773-4b3cb1d20066
None
U.S. Geological Survey
USGS
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
CMHRP
Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
WHCMSC
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOAA
SEABed Observation and Sampling System
SEABOSS
stations
navigation
ISO 19115 Topic Category
oceans
location
USGS Thesaurus
field monitoring stations
videos
marine geology
CTD measurement
field activity logs
Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
marine geology
oceanographic observations
video observation
sampling
None
North America
United States
Massachusetts
Atlantic Ocean
Stellwagen Bank
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
SBNMS
Massachusetts Bay
None.
Not to be used for navigation.
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/data/samples/2016-038-FA_station_data_summary_browse.jpg
Browse graphic showing the station locations.
JPEG
D.S. Blackwood
K.F. Parolski
2001
Seabed observation and sampling system
Sea Technology
v. 42, no. 2, p.39-43
P. Valentine
D. Blackwood
K. Parolski
2000
Seabed observation and sampling system
U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet
FS-142-00
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14200
https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/
L.J. Poppe
K.Y. McMullen
S.J. Williams
V.F. Paskevich
2014
USGS east-coast sediment analysis: Procedures, database, and GIS data
3.0
Open-File Report
2005-1001
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20051001
https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1001/
Page C. Valentine
VeeAnn A. Cross
2019
Location and analyses of sediment samples collected on Stellwagen Bank off Boston, Massachusetts from November 5, 2013 to April 30, 2019 on U.S. Geological Survey field activities
data release
DOI:10.5066/P9FWFLPD
Reston, VA
U.S. Geological Survey
This publication includes the sediment sample analyses information associated with this field activity and 19 other field activities.
https://doi.org/10.5066/P9FWFLPD
https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5d95153ee4b0c4f70d10a4f7
The same information was recorded for each station occupied. The locations (latitude and longitude values) are based on information recorded in the cruise log book and later adjusted to match the data recorded in the GPS navigation file. For this field activity, the station location (and sample location) varies with its relationship to the start and end of the video drift. Sometimes the location is at the beginning of the video drift, but can also occur during the drift or at the end of the drift.
These station locations and data collection information represent all the information pertinent to the 2016-038-FA field activity.
The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30 GPS receiver) at one-second intervals with a horizontal accuracy of 10 meters. The navigation antenna is located 5.3 meters forward of the SEABOSS deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition (navigation fixes represent antenna location). The SEABOSS may also drift away from the survey vessel when deployed to the sea floor.
Water depth was determined using a Simrad ES60, 120 kHz, single beam echosounder using a dual frequency 120-25 kHz transducer, which detects the seabed to a depth of 800 meters. Depth values were rounded to the nearest meter to account for ship motion.
Sediment sampling methods:
>
As a part of the process of mapping the sea floor, the USGS developed the SEABed Observation and Sampling System (SEABOSS) to collect samples and video and photographic images of the seabed to aid in the interpretation of seabed sonar imagery. A modified Van Veen sediment grab sampler is mounted in the center of the SEABOSS frame, which ensures the sampler is properly oriented on the seabed when a sample is collected. Before deployment, the sampler bucket jaws are opened by collapsing the extended arms to a near-horizontal position and locking them in place with two catches. The sampler operates passively to sample the seabed; it is not spring loaded.
To collect a sediment sample, the SEABOSS frame was lowered gently onto the seabed, reducing tension on the cable, which caused the two locking catches to be automatically released by gravity. As the cable was retrieved, the grab sampler arms were pulled upward, closing the bucket around the sediment, and the SEABOSS was lifted off the seabed.
>
The SEABOSS was retrieved and set upon a wooden platform that kept the sampler bucket and camera systems above the deck. The sampler arms were held in the upright position manually or by tension on the cable, the two doors on the upper side of the bucket were opened, and the sediment surface was photographed before the sediment was removed. For this project, the upper 2 centimeters of sediment, representing the surface of the seabed, were removed with a rectangular shovel 2-cm deep and stored in a plastic bag for grain-size analysis. The remaining sediment was dumped into a tray on the deck below the sampler and discarded, after which the sampler was washed in preparation for sampling at the next site. Further information on the SEABOSS can be found in Blackwood and Parolski (2001) and Valentine and others (2000).
>
Grain-size analyses of the sediment samples were performed at the sediment laboratory at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, by using a standard suite of analytical methods (Poppe and others, 2014). This laboratory has been in operation since 1963 and has analyzed many thousands of sediment samples collected by the USGS in New England.
>
Video methods and data availability
>
Seabed videos were collected using two battery-operated, high-definition (1920 x 1080 pixels) GoPro digital video cameras mounted on the SEABOSS. The SEABOSS system also had a Seaviewer, high-definition (1920 x 720 pixels), digital camera attached to it with a live feed to the surface. It was mounted a little higher on the frame and was used to observe obstacles, like gill nets and lobster gear, in order to avoid entanglement. In case of camera failure, the additional cameras provided backup video. As the SEABOSS drifted over the seabed, the cameras imaged the seabed at a rate of 60 frames per second from an altitude of ~1 meter. Lighting was provided by two battery-operated Keldan LED video lights. Each light provided a light flux of up to 9000 lumens at a correlated color temperature of 5000 Kelvin. Two parallel red lasers mounted 20 centimeters apart provided a scale in the video images.
>
Video imagery includes the launch and recovery of the SEABOSS, transit through the water column, and the drift over the seabed. The duration of 41 individual video files ranges from 5 to 18 minutes. Video files are archived in .MP4 format and range in size from 1.1 to 3.9 gigabytes. The video files are not part of this data release, but they are archived at the USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center.
>
The position (latitude and longitude) and time were recorded from the navigation receiver by hand in the log book at the time of the deployment of the SEABOSS, when it reached the seabed, when a grab sample was attempted, and when it left the seabed. Latitude and longitude positions recorded by hand in the log book were later adjusted to match the data recorded in the GPS navigation file. Video was recorded during the descent through the water column (1-2 minutes), and during the drift over the seabed, and during the ascent to the surface.
>
Video frame grabs were captured to show typical images of the seabed. These images are available from the Larger Work citation.
>
The station position (latitude and longitude) represents the location of the sediment sample (if collected). If a sediment sample was not collected, the station position represents the end of the video drift.
>
Water depth was determined using a Simrad ES60, 120 kHz, single beam echosounder using a dual frequency 120-25 kHz transducer, which detects the seabed to a depth of 800 meters. Depth values were recorded in a log book at the time of deployment of the SEABOSS and were rounded to the nearest meter to account for ship motion.
2016
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
This information was manually entered into a Microsoft Excel (2016) spreadsheet with a column for each piece of information as described in the entity and attribute section of the metadata. The first row is an explanation header, the second row contains descriptive column headers, and the third row contains brief column headers that are compatible with importing the data into a GIS.
2016
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
The spreadsheet was opened in Microsoft Excel (O365). The first row (the explanation header) and the second row (descriptive column headers) were deleted and the third row (brief column headers that are compatible with importing the data into a GIS) was retained. Then the spreadsheet was exported as an MS-DOS CSV.
2020
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Using ArcGIS 10.6.1, the CSV file was converted to a shapefile within ArcMap using File - Add Data - Add XY data. The CSV file was selected, with the x-coordinate set to STA_LON and the y-coordinate set to STA_LAT. The coordinate system of the input coordinates was set to the geographic coordinate system GCS_WGS_1984. Once the XY event layer was added to ArcMap, the data were then converted to a shapefile by right-clicking on the event theme in the contents pane - Data - Export Data. All of the features were exported using the layer's source data for the coordinate system. The output shapefile was exported as 2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.shp.
2020
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
Mailing and Physical
384 Woods Hole Road
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Point
Point
41
0.00001
0.00001
Decimal degrees
D_WGS_1984
WGS_1984
6378137.000000
298.257224
Local surface
1
meters
Attribute values
2016-038-FA_station_data_summary in Excel spreadsheet, CSV and shapefile format
The Microsoft Excel spreadsheet has a header in row 1 explaining the columns of information, header names in row 2, and header names that are appropriate for incorporation into a GIS (shorter names, no punctuation) in row 3. The spreadsheet gives basic station information (location, cruise, occupation date and time), as well as additional information indicating what data were collected at each location. The labels below are the shapefile and CSV row headers with the first part of the attribute definition the longer Excel header on row 2 of the Excel spreadsheet. The shapefile has these attributes and the software-generated FID and shape attributes which are absent from the Excel spreadsheet and CSV file.
U.S. Geological Survey
FID
Internal feature number.
Esri
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
Shape
Feature geometry
Esri
Coordinates defining the features.
FIELD_NO
USGS station: Sample name or number as assigned in the field by the Chief Scientist.
U.S. Geological Survey
Character set. Although numeric, stations could have a decimal number indicating a reoccupation of a station. The presence of "PT" as part of the station name indicates a plankton tow.
DEPTH_M
Water depth, m: Depth in meters of the station based on the ship echosounder. Recorded in the log book at the time of deployment of the SEABOSS. The values were rounded to the nearest meter to account for ship motion.
U.S. Geological Survey
24
44
meters
VESSEL
Vessel name: The name of the ship that the field activity used for the cruise.
U.S. Geological Survey
Character string.
CRUISE_ID
WHCMSC field activity number: Name or number of cruise on which the sample was collected. The cruise identifier is in the format YYYY-XXX where YYYY is the survey year, and XXX is the survey number of that year.
U.S. Geological Survey
Character string.
UTC_DATE
Date, UTC: The date of the row of data collection based on UTC (coordinated universal time) time. In the Excel spreadsheet, the date has the format of D-M-YYYY where DD is the numeric day, M is the month abbreviation, and YYYY is the year. The date is based on the deployment of the SEABOSS.
U.S. Geological Survey
Character string.
UTC_JD
Julian Day, UTC: Julian day of data collection based on the deployment of the SEABOSS in UTC time. Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year of collection. Based on the date in UTC time at the time of deployment of the SEABOSS.
U.S. Geological Survey
Text field presented as a number.
UTC_JDTIME
Station occupation date and time, DDD:HH:MM:SS, UTC: Station occupation date and time with Julian day and time in UTC. The format is DDD:HH:MM:SS where DDD is the Julian day, HH is hour, MM is minutes, and SS is seconds. Julian day is the integer number representing the interval of time in days since January 1 of the year of collection. This time corresponds to when the sediment sample was collected (if one was collected). If a sediment sample was not collected, this time represents the end of the video drift.
U.S. Geological Survey
Text field presented as a number.
TIMEZONE
Study area time zone: The time zone in which the study area is located.
U.S. Geological Survey
EDT
Eastern Daylight Time. To derive EDT, subtract 4 hours from the UTC time.
U.S. Geological Survey
STA_LAT
Station location, Lat N, decimal degrees: Latitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, of station location. The position represents the location of the sediment sample (if collected). If a sediment sample was not collected, the position represents the end of the video drift.
U.S. Geological Survey
42.17183
42.42123
decimal degrees
STA_LON
Station location, Lon W, decimal degrees: Longitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, of station location. West longitudes are recorded as negative values. The position represents the location of the sediment sample (if collected). If a sediment sample was not collected, the position represents the end of the video drift.
U.S. Geological Survey
-70.45758
-70.14055
decimal degrees
STIME_VID
Video drift start time, UTC, HHMMSS: Start time of the video drift when the SEABOSS reached the seabed, in UTC time in HHMMSS.
U.S. Geological Survey
Text field presented as a number.
ETIME_VID
Video drift end time, UTC, HHMMSS: End time of the video drift when the SEABOSS left the seabed, in UTC time in HHMMSS.
U.S. Geological Survey
Text field presented as a number.
SLAT_VID
Video drift start Lat N, decimal degrees: Latitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, at the start of the station video drift.
U.S. Geological Survey
42.17145
42.42123
decimal degrees
SLON_VID
Video drift start Lon W, decimal degrees: Longitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, at the start of the station video drift. West longitude is recorded as negative values.
U.S. Geological Survey
-70.45822
-70.13984
decimal degrees
ELAT_VID
Video drift end Lat N, decimal degrees: Latitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, at the end of the station video drift.
U.S. Geological Survey
42.17292
42.42095
decimal degrees
ELON_VID
Video drift end Lon W, decimal degrees: Longitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, at the end of the station video drift. West longitude is recorded as negative values.
U.S. Geological Survey
-70.45758
-70.14197
decimal degrees
SAMP_LAT
Sediment sample location, Lat N, decimal degrees: Latitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, of the sediment sample location. A value of 9999 indicates no sample location because no sample was collected.
U.S. Geological Survey
42.17183
42.42123
decimal degrees
SAMP_LON
Sediment sample location, Lon W, decimal degrees: Longitude coordinate in decimal degrees WGS84, of the sediment sample location. West longitude is recorded as negative values. A value of 9999 indicates no sample location because no sample was collected.
U.S. Geological Survey
-70.45693
-70.14055
decimal degrees
VIDEO
Video imagery collected: The value of this attribute indicates if seabed video was recorded at the station. The value "y" indicates that video was recorded, "n" indicates no video was recorded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Boolean character set.
VIDEOFG
Video frame grabs collected: The value of this attribute indicates if a video frame grab was acquired at the station. The value "y" indicates that a frame was captured, "n" indicates no frame was recorded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Boolean character set.
CTD_PR
CTD profile data collected: The value of this attribute indicates if a CTD cast was taken and data collected. The value "du" indicates that CTD downcast and upcast data were collected, "n" indicates no CTD cast was taken.
U.S. Geological Survey
Boolean character set.
SEDSAMP
Sediment sample collected: The value of this attribute indicates if a seabed sample was successfully collected at the station. The value "y" indicates that a sample was collected, "n" indicates no sample was collected.
U.S. Geological Survey
Boolean character set.
SEDSAMPPH
Sediment sample photo collected: The value of this attribute indicates if a photo of the sediment sample surface in the SEABOSS grab sampler was taken at the station. The value "y" indicates that a photo was taken, "n" indicates no photo was taken. Please note that photos were sometimes taken of unsuccessful sediment samples that were discarded.
U.S. Geological Survey
Boolean character set.
AREA
Region: General geographic area of data collection. This can be an abbreviation, such as SBNMS for Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary.
U.S. Geological Survey
Character string.
The attribute label is the abbreviated label in the third row of the Excel file that is more compatible with importing the dataset into a GIS. The first part of the attribute definition is the longer label of the column that is in the second row of the Excel spreadsheet.
Additionally, the Excel spreadsheet has the following information in the first row describing the spreadsheet:
[Cruise station and data summary: column A, USGS station number; column B, water depth, meters; column C, vessel name; column D, WHCMSC field activity number; column E, date, UTC; column F, Julian Day, UTC; column G, station occupation date and time, UTC (for Eastern Daylight Time subtract 4 hours; for Eastern Standard Time, subtract 5 hours); column H, study area time zone; column I, station location, latitude north, decimal degrees; column J, station location, longitude west, decimal degrees (station location is the sample location, if collected; otherwise it is the video drift end location); column K, video drift start time, UTC; column L, video drift end time, UTC; column M, start of video drift, latitude north, decimal degrees; column M, start of video drift, longitude west, decimal degrees; column O, end of video drift, latitude north, decimal degrees; column P, end of video drift, longitude west, decimal degrees; column Q, sediment sample location, latitude north, decimal degrees; column R, sediment sample location, longitude west, decimal degrees; column S, video imagery collected; column T, video frame grabs; column U, CTD profile collected; column V, sediment sample collected; column W, sediment sample photos taken; column X, geographic region [abbreviations: DDD, Julian Day; EDT, Eastern Daylight Time; EST, Eastern Standard Time; H, hour; M, minute; S, second; lat, latitude; lon, longitude; WHCMSC, USGS Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center; SBNMS, Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary; UTC, coordinated universal time (Greenwich Mean Time, ZULU time); y, yes; n, no; du, downcast and upcast data; 9999, no sample location because no sample collected]
The CSV file has the same information and the same column definitions except the first two rows included in the XLSX file are omitted (information describing the spreadsheet and longer column labels).
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Geological Survey
Page C. Valentine
Research Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
USA
(508) 548-8700 x2239
(508) 457-2310
pvalentine@usgs.gov
2016-038-FA_station_summary.zip contains the Excel spreadsheet with the station summary information (2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.xlsx), a CSV file of the same information with a GIS compatible header row (2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.csv), and the shapefile created from the CSV file (2016-038-FA_station_data_summary.shp and the other files associated with a shapefile). The ZIP file also contains the browse graphic (2016-038-FA_station_data_summary_browse.jpg) and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format.
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
XLSX
Microsoft Excel O365
The ZIP file contains the station summary information in XLSX, CSV, and shapefile format, along with the browse graphic and FGDC CSDGM metadata.
1
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/data/samples/2016-038-FA_station_summary.zip
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
The first link is to download the data in a ZIP file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. The last two links go to the same place; one is the DOI designation of the publication.
CSV
comma-separated values exported from Microsoft Excel O365
The ZIP file contains the station summary information in XLSX, CSV, and shapefile format, along with the browse graphic and FGDC CSDGM metadata.
1
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/data/samples/2016-038-FA_station_summary.zip
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
The first link is to download the data in a ZIP file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. The last two links go to the same place; one is the DOI designation of the publication.
Shapefile
ArcGIS 10.6.1
The ZIP file contains the station summary information in XLSX, CSV, and shapefile format, along with the browse graphic and FGDC CSDGM metadata.
1
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/data/samples/2016-038-FA_station_summary.zip
https://doi.org/10.5066/P91MNNSN
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data/field-activity-data/2016-038-FA/
The first link is to download the data in a ZIP file. The second and third links are to the landing page of the data. The last two links go to the same place; one is the DOI designation of the publication.
none
The ZIP file contains data in XLSX, CSV, and Esri shapefile formats. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the ZIP file and reading the data formats.
20201118
U.S. Geological Survey
VeeAnn A. Cross
Marine Geologist
mailing and physical address
384 Woods Hole Rd.
Woods Hole
MA
02543-1598
508-548-8700 x2251
508-457-2310
vatnipp@usgs.gov
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998