Still images in JPEG format of the sediment surface in the grab sampler, collected on Stellwagen Bank during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2019-008-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, July 30, 31, and August 1, 2019

Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Page C. Valentine
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Still images in JPEG format of the sediment surface in the grab sampler, collected on Stellwagen Bank during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 2019-008-FA, aboard the R/V Auk, July 30, 31, and August 1, 2019
Edition: 1.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P93ATKSC
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA
Publisher:
U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ATKSC
Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Page C. Valentine
Originator: VeeAnn A. Cross
Publication_Date: 2020
Title:
Sea-floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD instrument data collected on Stellwagen Bank in July and August, 2019, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2019-008-FA
Edition: 1.0
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P93ATKSC
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Other_Citation_Details:
Suggested citation: Valentine, P.C., and Cross, V.A., 2020, Sea-floor sediment samples, seabed imagery, and CTD instrument data collected on Stellwagen Bank in July and August, 2019, U.S. Geological Survey Field Activity 2019-008-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ATKSC .
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ATKSC
Online_Linkage:
Description:
Abstract:
This field activity is part of the effort to map geologic substrates of the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary region off Boston, Massachusetts. The overall goal is to develop high-resolution (1:25,000) interpretive maps, based on multibeam sonar data and seabed sampling, showing surficial geology and seabed sediment dynamics. This cruise was conducted in collaboration with the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, and the data collected will aid research on the ecology of fish and invertebrate species that inhabit the region. The Sanctuary's research vessel, R/V Auk, visited 53 locations on Stellwagen Bank at which a customized Van Veen grab sampler (SEABOSS) equipped with a video camera and a CTD was deployed in drift mode to collect sediment for grain-size analysis, video imagery of the seabed, and measurements of water column properties.
Purpose:
Photos were collected of the sediment sample in the grab sampler to document the texture of the seabed surface, the degree of disturbance during sampling, biological features such as worm tubes, and to estimate the volume of sediment collected.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information regarding this field activity is available from https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-008-FA.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20190730
Ending_Date: 20190801
Currentness_Reference:
Ground condition of when data were collected. There were three days of data collection, July 30, 31, and August 1, 2019.
Status:
Progress: complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.456940
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -70.137190
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.421360
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 42.170197
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:4448500c-0770-4824-9cbe-6ded72af6596
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: WHCMSC
Theme_Keyword: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Theme_Keyword: NOAA
Theme_Keyword: grab sample images
Theme_Keyword: sample photographs
Theme_Keyword: ground-truth
Theme_Keyword: JPEG
Theme_Keyword: SEABed Observation and Sampling System
Theme_Keyword: SEABOSS
Theme_Keyword: sediment sample images
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: image collections
Theme_Keyword: sea-floor characteristics
Theme_Keyword: marine geology
Theme_Keyword: field monitoring stations
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: photographic sampling
Theme_Keyword: sediment
Theme_Keyword: marine geology
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: North America
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: Massachusetts
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank
Place_Keyword: Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
Place_Keyword: SBNMS
Place_Keyword: Massachusetts Bay
Access_Constraints: None.
Use_Constraints: None.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: Browse_Graphic_File_Description:
Browse graphic of an example grab sample still image on Stellwagen Bank.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: D.S. Blackwood
Originator: K.F. Parolski
Publication_Date: 2001
Title: Seabed observation and sampling system
Series_Information:
Series_Name: Sea Technology
Issue_Identification: v. 42, no. 2, p.39-43
Cross_Reference:
Citation_Information:
Originator: P. Valentine
Originator: D. Blackwood
Originator: K. Parolski
Publication_Date: 2000
Title: Seabed observation and sampling system
Series_Information:
Series_Name: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet
Issue_Identification: FS-142-00
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, VA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.3133/fs14200
Online_Linkage: https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs142-00/
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report:
The image names are in the format: staXXXX_Y.JPG. The designation XXXX is the station number; Y represents R or L, the right- and left-hand sides of the sample surface in the grab sampler. Each sediment sample has two images - one showing the sediment surface in the right-hand side of the sampler, and the other showing the sediment surface in the left-hand side of the sampler. The clock on the camera was not perfectly synced to the GPS time, so the GPSTimeStamp value in the EXIF header will not match the time portion of the DateTime, DateTimeOriginal, or DateTimeDigitized elements in the EXIF header.
Completeness_Report:
Sediment samples were successfully collected at 44 of the 53 stations visited. Sediment samples have a maximum of two images - one showing the sediment surface in the right-hand side of the sampler, and the other showing the sediment surface in the left-hand side of the sampler. All successful sample collections have two images. One sediment sample at station 4927 was not kept for analysis due to poor quality, but has two images, making a total of 90 sample images.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
Although the images do not represent spatial data, the spatial information is available in the EXIF header of each image, which is derived from the station data summary file (available from the Larger Work citation). The location information for stations was acquired from a satellite navigation receiver (Furuno satellite compass SC-30, GPS receiver) at two-second intervals with a horizontal accuracy of 10 m. The navigation antenna is located 5.3 m forward of the SEABOSS deployment location. This offset was not accounted for in the navigation acquisition (navigation fixes represent antenna location). The location information in the EXIF header of each image does not represent the exact location where the image was taken; rather each image was given the latitude and longitude of the station location (the location of a sediment sample).
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Still images of the sediment sample surfaces were collected using a hand-held Nikon 7100 digital camera with a resolution of 24 megapixels (6000 x 4000 pixels), and with an 18-200x zoom lens with an aperture ranging from f3.5 to f5.6. After retrieval of the SEABOSS and placement on its wooden stand, the two doors (right and left) on the top of the Van Veen grab sampler were opened and a photo was taken of the sediment surface in each side of the sampler bucket. The centimeter scale in the image allows measurement of the distance from the top of the grab bucket to the top of the sediment surface and provides a qualitative measure of the volume of sediment collected by the grab, which is 15 cm deep in the deepest part of the sampler. See the cross-references for a description of the SEABOSS system.
Process_Date: 2019
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: *.JPG
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Using 2019-008-FA_station_data_summary.csv, the approximate time and location of each photo was derived. Any station that did not have an image acquired was deleted. The station location (latitude and longitude), date and time for each station was extracted from the CSV file. This information was reformatted using an AWK script (awksampleimages_2019-008-FA) so that the following columns of information were available: image name (based on the station number), Julian day, GPS date (in the format YYYYMMDD), GPS time (in the format HH:MM:SS), latitude, and longitude. This information was written to a CSV file - 2019-008-FA_grabimage_locations.csv. This process step and the subsequent process steps (unless otherwise noted), were performed by the same person - VeeAnn A. Cross.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 2019-008-FA_station_data_summary.csv
Process_Date: 2020
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: 2019-008-FA_grabimage_locations.csv
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
A Python script (writeexif_2_readfile_7_25_19.py executed with IDLE version 2.7.14) was then run that incorporated the information from 2019-008-FA_grabimage_locations.csv, along with additional information, into the appropriate tags in the EXIF header of each grab image at each station. The Python script uses ExifTool (version 11.54) to write the information to the image headers of the full-resolution images. The following tags were populated in the JPEG image headers. Information is duplicated in some tags because different software packages access different tags.
GPS tags: The values populated are unique for each image and based on the information exported from 2019-008-FA_station_data_summary.csv.
GPSLatitudeRef
GPSLatitude
GPSLongitudeRef
GPSLongitude
GPSTimeStamp
GSPDateStamp
JPEG tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it, which is the same for every image.
comment: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a hand-held Nikon 7100 digital camera aboard the R/V Auk during survey 2019-008-FA (https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-008-FA ).
EXIF tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it, which is the same for every image.
ImageDescription: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2019-008-FA
Artist: Page C. Valentine
Copyright: Public Domain - please credit the U.S. Geological Survey
UserComment: Image part of USGS data release https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ATKSC
IPTC tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image.
Credit: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact: WHSC_data_contact@usgs.gov
keywords: Stellwagen Bank, Massachusetts, 2019-008-FA, SEABOSS, sea floor, USGS, ground-truth, https://doi.org/10.5066/P93ATKSC
CopyrightNotice: Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey
Caption-Abstract: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2019-008-FA
XMP tags: The tag is listed along with the information used to populate it - which is the same for every image. Caption: Photo of grab sample in sampler from a sample on Stellwagen Bank, MA from survey 2019-008-FA
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 11.54):
exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSDateStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -contact -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription -UserComment *.JPG > out.csv
The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. Whether you use exiftool or exiftool.exe will depend on the system on which the command is being run.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: 2019-008-FA_grabimage_locations.csv
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: *.JPG
Process_Date: 2020
Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: *.JPG
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
Location information is in the EXIF header and also indicated by the station location in the station data summary data file (available from the Larger Work citation).
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.00001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.00001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Although the images do not have attributes per se, the EXIF header information can be extracted or viewed to give additional information about each image. The process step explains how to extract the information from the image header, and is replicated here.
To extract the information from the image headers using ExifTool, the following command can be used (tested with ExifTool version 11.54):

exiftool.exe -csv -f -filename -GPSTimeStamp -GPSDateStamp -GPSLongitude -GPSLatitude -n -Artist -Credit -comment -contact -keywords -Caption -Copyright -CopyrightNotice -Caption-Abstract -ImageDescription -UserComment *.JPG > out.csv

The -csv flag writes the information out in a comma-delimited format. The -n option formats the latitude and longitude as signed decimal degrees. Whether you use exiftool or exiftool.exe will depend on the system on which the command is being run.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Page C. Valentine
Contact_Position: Research Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (508) 548-8700 x2239
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (508) 457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pvalentine@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
2019-008-FA_SampleImages.zip contains the 90 JPEG images, the browse graphic (2019-008-FA_sampleimage_browse.jpg), and the FGDC CSDGM metadata in XML format.
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein. Neither the U.S. Government, the Department of the Interior, nor the USGS, nor any of their employees, contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. The act of distribution shall not constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in the use of these data or related materials. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: JPEG
Format_Information_Content:
The ZIP file contains JPEG image files, the browse graphic, and the associated FGDC CSDGM metadata.
Transfer_Size: 798
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information: Access_Instructions:
The first link is to download the data in a ZIP file. The second and third links, the latter of which is the DOI designation of the publication, both go to the landing page of the data.
Fees: none
Technical_Prerequisites:
The ZIP file contains images in JPEG format. The user must have software capable of uncompressing the ZIP file and viewing the JPEG images.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20201123
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross
Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 384 Woods Hole Rd.
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

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