Information on sediment cores collected offshore southern Cascadia, during field activity 2019-643-FA

Frequently anticipated questions:

• What does this data set describe?
  1. How might this data set be cited?
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
• Who produced the data set?
  1. Who are the originators of the data set?
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
• Why was the data set created?
• How was the data set created?
  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
• How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?
  1. How well have the observations been checked?
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the data, including topology?
• How can someone get a copy of the data set?
  1. Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
  2. Who distributes the data?
  3. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  4. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
  5. How can I download or order the data?
• Who wrote the metadata?

What does this data set describe?

1. How might this data set be cited?
   Hill, Jenna C., Nieminski, Nora M., SeanPaul M. La Selle, Watt, Janet T., Brothers, Daniel S., McGann, Mary L., Alongi, Travis V., Hatcher, Gerry A., Nasr, Brandon M., McKee, Jennifer A., and Ferro, Peter Dal, 20240326, Information on sediment cores collected offshore southern Cascadia, during field activity 2019-643-FA: data release DOI:10.5066/P1E8GDZH, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P1E8GDZH

   This is part of the following larger work.
   Hill, Jenna C., Nieminski, Nora M., SeanPaul M. La Selle, Watt, Janet T., Brothers, Daniel S., McGann, Mary L., Alongi, Travis V., Hatcher, Gerry A., Nasr, Brandon M., McKee, Jennifer A., and Ferro, Peter Dal, 2024, Sediment core data from offshore southern Cascadia - USGS field activity 2019-643-FA: data release DOI:10.5066/P1E8GDZH, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P1E8GDZH

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Suggested Citation: Hill, J.C., Nieminski, N.M., La Selle, S.M., Watt, J.W., Brothers, D.S., McGann, M.L., Alongi, T.V., Hatcher, G.A., Nasr, B.M., McKee, J.A., and Dal Ferro, P., 2024, Sediment core data from offshore southern Cascadia during field activity 2019-643-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1E8GDZH.

2. What geographic area does the data set cover?

   West_Bounding_Coordinate: -125.25388241
   East_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.07787323
   North_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.76311745
   South_Bounding_Coordinate: 40.76311745
   

3. What does it look like?
4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?

   Beginning_Date: 27-Sep-2019

   Ending_Date: 10-Oct-2019

   Currentness_Reference:

   Ground conditions at time data were collected

5. What is the general form of this data set?

   Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: CSV format tabular data
   

6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
   1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (179)
   2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is WGS 1984.
      The ellipsoid used is WGS 84.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
      

      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:

      Depth_System_Definition:

      Depth_Datum_Name: Local surface for water depth
      Depth_Resolution: 0.5
      Depth_Distance_Units: meters
      Depth_Encoding_Method: Attribute values
      

7. How does the data set describe geographic features?

   2019-643-FA_cores.csv

   Comma separated value text file with name, location, and length/depth information for each core section, and an inventory of CT, MSCL, and linescan files. (Source: Producer defined)

   core_id

   The unique identifier for a core site. (Source: Producer Defined) Identifier for the type of core (for example, GC- for gravity core, JPC- for jumbo piston core, TC- for trigger core) followed by a unique number for the core site.

   section_number

   Section number of core. If blank, core was not used for analyses or not recovered. (Source: Producer Defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	1
   Maximum:	6
   Units:	sections

   section_length_cm

   Length of an individual core section. If blank, core was not used for analyses or not recovered. (Source: Producer Defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	5.5
   Maximum:	152.0
   Units:	cm

   section_top_cm

   Depth at top of core section in centimeters. If blank, core was not used for analyses or not recovered. (Source: Producer Defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	0.0
   Maximum:	564.8
   Units:	cm

   section_bottom_cm

   Depth at bottom of core section in centimeters. If blank, core was not used for analyses or not recovered. (Source: Producer Defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	8.3
   Maximum:	715.6
   Units:	cm

   total_core_length_cm

   Sum of all section lengths in a core. If blank, core was not used for analyses or not recovered. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	8.3
   Maximum:	715.6
   Units:	cm

   latitude

   Latitude of sample in decimal degrees, North (Source: Onboard Hemishphere V110 GPS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	40.57770
   Maximum:	41.58120
   Units:	decimal degrees

   longitude

   Longitude of sample in decimal degrees, East (Source: Onboard Hemishphere V110 GPS)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	-124.94707
   Maximum:	-124.17528
   Units:	decimal degrees

   water_depth_m

   Depth of seafloor at core location (Source: Estimated from position on bathymetry datasets (see vertical positional accuracy report).)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	55
   Maximum:	1280
   Units:	meters

   date_collected

   Date of core collection in mm/dd/yyyy format. (Source: Producer defined)

   Range of values
   Minimum:	9/30/2019
   Maximum:	10/08/2019
   Units:	date

   ct_file_xz

   Filename of associated TIFF file of coronal (XZ) CT image of core section. Blank values indicate CT scans were not collected. (Source: Producer defined) Filenames start with the FA number (2019_643_FA) followed by the core id, section number, 'XZView' and end with .tif file extension.

   ct_file_yz

   Filename of associated TIFF file of saggital (YZ) CT image of core section. Blank values indicate CT scans were not collected. (Source: Producer defined) Filenames start with the FA number (2019_643_FA) followed by the core id, section number, and 'YZView' and end with .tif file extension.

   photo_file

   Filename of associated TIFF file of core section photograph. Blank values indicate photographs were not collected. (Source: Producer defined) Filenames start with the FA number (2019_643_FA) followed by the core id and section number and end with .tif file extension.

   mscl_file

   Filename of associated CSV file containing MSCL data. Blank values indicate MSCL data were not collected. (Source: Producer defined) Filenames start with the FA number (2019_643_FA) followed by the core id and end with .csv file extension.

   notes

   Notes on poor quality of core or recovery that explain why some core analyses were not performed. Notes are blank if there was no issue with the core quality. (Source: Producer defined) 'material disturbed', 'bagged in intervals', 'no recovery', 'imploded liner'

   Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
   Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Producer defined
   

Who produced the data set?

1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
   • Jenna C. Hill
   • Nora M. Nieminski
   • SeanPaul M. La Selle
   • Janet T. Watt
   • Daniel S. Brothers
   • Mary L. McGann
   • Travis V. Alongi
   • Gerry A. Hatcher
   • Brandon M. Nasr
   • Jennifer A. McKee
   • Peter Dal Ferro
2. Who also contributed to the data set?
3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
   U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

   Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   831-427-4747 (voice)

   pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

How was the data set created?

1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?

   Date: 2019 (process 1 of 2)

   Cores were collected aboard MV Bold Horizon using a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) jumbo piston corer (JPC) on cruise 2019-643-FA. The JPC system consisted of a 2500-lb head weight, 3.43-inch diameter barrel, and polybutyrate liner. The JPC trigger arm was set up to collect a trigger core (TC) associated with each JPC (if successful). Gravity cores (GC) were collected with the same JPC system in two localities. JPCs and GCs were extruded and sectioned at sea. The cores were then transported back to the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center.

   Date: 2020 (process 2 of 2)

   Cores were scanned, split, and sampled at the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center core lab in Santa Cruz, CA.

3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
   Balster-Gee, A.F., Hill, J.C., Watt, J.T., Brothers, D.S., Nieminski, N.M., Alongi, T., Hatcher, G.A., and Nasr, B.M., 2017, Multichannel minisparker seismic-reflection and chirp subbottom data collected offshore Northern California during USGS field activity 2019-643-FA.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P998EC72.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Balster-Gee, A.F., Hill, J.C., Watt, J.T., Brothers, D.S., Nieminski, N.M., Alongi, T., Hatcher, G.A., Nasr, B.M., 2023, Multichannel minisparker seismic-reflection and chirp subbottom data collected offshore Northern California during USGS field activity 2019-643-FA: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P998EC72. Seismic data collected during field activity 2019-643-FA by the USGS linked here for user interest.

   Dartnell, P., Conrad, J.E., Watt, J.T., and Hill, J.C., 2021, Composite multibeam bathymetry surface and data sources of the southern Cascadia Margin offshore Oregon and northern California.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C5DBMR.

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Dartnell, P., Conrad, J.E., Watt, J.T., and Hill, J.C., 2021, Composite multibeam bathymetry surface and data sources of the southern Cascadia Margin offshore Oregon and northern California: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9C5DBMR

   Ryan, W.B.F., Carbotte, S.M., Coplan, J.O., O’Hara, A.M., Melkonian, A., Arko, R., Weissel, R.A., Goodwillie, A., Nitsche, F., Bonczkowski, J., and Zemsky, R., 2009, Global Multi-Resolution Topography synthesis.

   Online Links:

   • https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002332

   Other_Citation_Details:

   Originator: Ryan, W.B.F., Carbotte, S.M., Coplan, J.O., O’Hara, A.M., Melkonian, A., Arko, R., Weissel, R.A., Goodwillie, A., Nitsche, F., Bonczkowski, J., Zemsky, R., 2009, Global Multi-Resolution Topography synthesis: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 10, n. 3, p. 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008GC002332

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

1. How well have the observations been checked?
   No formal attribute accuracy tests were conducted.
2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
   A Hemisphere V110 GPS system was used for obtaining latitude and longitude point locations during the field activity with a stated accuracy of 0.6 meters (95 percent confidence).
3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
   Water depth values at core locations were estimated from multibeam bathymetric data (Dartnell and others (2021) or Ryan and others (2009)). No formal vertical accuracy tests were conducted.
4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
   Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details. Some cells are intentionally left blank if there was no recovery of the core or other issues with core quality. These issues are noted in the ‘notes’ column.
5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
   No formal logical consistency tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
   
   U.S. Geological Survey - CMGDS

   2885 Mission Street

   Santa Cruz, CA
   

   1-831-427-4747 (voice)

   pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Core information is provided in a comma separated value (CSV) text file (2019-643-FA_cores.csv).
3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
   Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
4. How can I download or order the data?
   • Availability in digital form:

     Data format:	Comma separated value (csv) text file of core information. in format comma delimited text
     Network links:	https://doi.org/10.5066/P1E8GDZH

   • Cost to order the data: None.

5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
   CSV files can be viewed with any standard table editing software (for example, excel, numbers).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:

Last modified: 26-Mar-2024

Metadata author:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

2885 Mission Street

Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)

pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Metadata standard:

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)