Geochemical analysis of authigenic carbonates and chemosynthetic mussels at Atlantic Margin seeps (ver. 2.0, March 2019)

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Metadata:

Identification_Information
Data_Quality_Information
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information
Spatial_Reference_Information
Entity_and_Attribute_Information
Distribution_Information
Metadata_Reference_Information

Identification_Information:

Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Nancy G. Prouty
Publication_Date: 2016
Title:

Geochemical analysis of authigenic carbonates and chemosynthetic mussels at Atlantic Margin seeps (ver. 2.0, March 2019)

Edition: 2.0
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: tabular data in .xlsx format
Series_Information:

Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/F77942SJ

Publication_Information:

Publication_Place:

Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California

Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/F77942SJ
Online_Linkage:

https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/57a3c016e4b0d7d7d7af97c1

Description:

Abstract:

Isotopic analyses of authigenic carbonates and methanotrophic deep-sea mussels, Bathymodiolus sp., was performed on samples collected from seep fields in the Baltimore and Norfolk Canyons on the north Atlantic margin. Samples were collected using remotely operated underwater vehicles (ROVs) during three different research cruises in 2012, 2013, and 2015. Analyses were performed by several different laboratories, and the results are presented in spreadsheet format.

Purpose:

These samples were collected and analyzed as part of an effort to determine the origin and age of methane seeps along the north Atlantic margin, within an area of newly discovered venting.

Supplemental_Information:

Additional information about the field activities during which the 2012 and 2013 samples were collected is available online at: http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=F0112MC http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=B0413MC Samples from 2015 were collected by Dr. Cindy Van Dover from Duke University (http://oceanography.ml.duke.edu/vandover/people/about/) during one of their research cruises, and as such, no USGS field activity information exists. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Range_of_Dates/Times:

Beginning_Date: 20120825
Ending_Date: 20150721

Currentness_Reference: ground condition at the time the samples were collected

Status:

Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned

Spatial_Domain:

Bounding_Coordinates:

West_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.5811
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -73.7412
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 38.0977
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.8654

Keywords:

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:57a3c016e4b0d7d7d7af97c1

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: oceans
Theme_Keyword: biota
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: Pleistocene
Theme_Keyword: grab sampling
Theme_Keyword: light stable isotope analysis
Theme_Keyword: radiometric dating
Theme_Keyword: carbon-14 analysis
Theme_Keyword: specimen collecting
Theme_Keyword: chemical analysis
Theme_Keyword: uranium-thorium analysis
Theme_Keyword: marine chemistry
Theme_Keyword: paleoceanography
Theme_Keyword: sedimentation
Theme_Keyword: sea-level change
Theme_Keyword: mollusks

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: geochemistry
Theme_Keyword: chemical analysis

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Habitat
Theme_Keyword: Physical/Chemical Features
Theme_Keyword: Physical Habitats and Geomorphology
Theme_Keyword: Natural Gas Resources
Theme_Keyword: Ecological Functions and Services

Theme:

Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: chemosynthesis
Theme_Keyword: cold seep
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CMHRP
Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: PCMSC

Place:

Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: NGA GEOnet Names Server (GNS)
Place_Keyword: Atlantic Ocean
Place_Keyword: Baltimore Canyon
Place_Keyword: Norfolk Canyon

Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:

USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain. Acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) in products derived from these data. Share data products developed using these data with the U.S. Geological Survey.

Point_of_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Data_Set_Credit:

Diana Sahy, Carolyn Ruppel, Brendan Roark, Dan Condon, and Amanda Demopoulos

Native_Data_Set_Environment: Mac OSX 10.9.5; Microsoft Excel 14.6.6 for Mac
Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Nancy G. Prouty
Originator: Diana Sahy
Originator: Carolyn D. Ruppel
Originator: E. Brendan Roark
Originator: Dan Condon
Originator: Sandra Brook
Originator: Steve W. Ross
Originator: Amanda W.J. Demopoulos
Publication_Date: 2016
Title:

Insights into methane dynamics from analysis of authigenic carbonates and chemosynthetic mussels at newly-discovered Atlantic Margin seeps

Other_Citation_Details:

Prouty, N.G., Sahy, D., Ruppel, C.D., Roark, E.B., Condon, D., Brook, S., Ross, S.W., and Demopoulos, A.W.J., 2016, Insights into methane dynamics from analysis of authigenic carbonates and chemosynthetic mussels at newly-discovered Atlantic Margin seeps: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 449, p. 332-344

Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.05.023

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Stuiver, M.
Originator: Polach, H.A.
Publication_Date: 1977
Title: Discussion reporting of 14C data
Other_Citation_Details:

Stuiver, M., and Polach, H.A., 1977, Discussion reporting of 14C data: Radiocarbon, v. 19, p. 355-363

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Fisher, C.R.
Originator: Childress, J.J.
Publication_Date: 1992
Title:

Organic carbon transfer from methanotrophic symbionts to the host hydrocarbon-seep mussel

Other_Citation_Details:

Fisher, C.R., and Childress, J.J., 1992, Organic carbon transfer from methanotrophic symbionts to the host hydrocarbon-seep mussel: Symbiosis, v. 12, p. 221-235

Cross_Reference:

Citation_Information:

Originator: Jaffey, A.H.
Originator: Flynn, K.F.
Originator: Glendenin, L.E.
Originator: Bentley, W.C.
Originator: Essling, A.M.
Publication_Date: 1971
Title:

Precision measurement of half-lives and specific activities of 235U and 238U

Other_Citation_Details:

Jaffey, A.H., Flynn, K.F., Glendenin, L.E., Bentley, W.C., and Essling, A.M., 1971, Precision measurement of half-lives and specific activities of 235U and 238U: Physical Review C, v. 4, p. 1889-1905

Online_Linkage: http://journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.4.1889

Data_Quality_Information:

Attribute_Accuracy:

Attribute_Accuracy_Report: All geochemistry data were calibrated against known standards.

Logical_Consistency_Report: No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.
Completeness_Report:

Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.

Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:

Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted.

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:

Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:

A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted.

Lineage:

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: U.S. Geological Survey Isotope Lab, Menlo Park CA
Publication_Date: 2014
Title: strontium isotope ratios

Type_of_Source_Media: lab sample
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20140602

Source_Currentness_Reference: date when lab analysis was completed.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: 87Sr:86Sr
Source_Contribution:

The isotopic composition was measured on a Finnigan MAT 261 multi-collector mass spectrometer using a static-collection mode.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, British Geological Survey, http://www.bgs.ac.uk/sciencefacilities/igfs/home.html

Publication_Date: 2016
Title: Uranium-Thorium dating

Type_of_Source_Media: lab sample
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20160217

Source_Currentness_Reference: date when lab analysis was completed.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: U-Th dates
Source_Contribution:

Samples were processed via total dissolution techniques, with isotope ratios measured on a Thermo Neptune Plus multi-collector ICP-MS, relative to a mixed 229Th-236U tracer calibrated against gravimetric solutions of CRM 112a U and Ames laboratory high purity Th.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Keck Carbon Cycle AMS laboratory at UC Irvine; http://www.ess.uci.edu/researchgrp/ams/home

Publication_Date: 2014
Title: radiocarbon dating

Type_of_Source_Media: lab sample
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20141119

Source_Currentness_Reference: date when lab analysis was completed.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Delta-C-14 dates
Source_Contribution:

Radiocarbon (Delta-C-14) analysis was performed on subsamples of authigenic carbonates and mussel shells collected from dead and live mussel specimens.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator: USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Publication_Date: 2014
Title: mineralogy

Type_of_Source_Media: lab sample
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20140902

Source_Currentness_Reference: date when lab analysis was completed.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: mineralogy composition
Source_Contribution:

Sample mineralogy was determined microscopically in thin sections, and by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Philips XRD with graphite monochromator at 40 kV and 45 mA.

Source_Information:

Source_Citation:

Citation_Information:

Originator:

Stable Isotope Geoscience Facility at Texas A&M University, College Station; http://geosciences.tamu.edu/facilities/stable-isotope-geosciences-facility/sigf-about/index.php

Publication_Date: 2014
Title: delta-C-13 and delta-O-18

Type_of_Source_Media: lab sample
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:

Time_Period_Information:

Single_Date/Time:

Calendar_Date: 20140604

Source_Currentness_Reference: date when lab analysis was completed.

Source_Citation_Abbreviation: stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses
Source_Contribution:

Data were generated from a Thermo-Finnigan MAT 253 with a Kiel IV Automated Carbonate Prep Device.

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Results from labs listed above were combined into an Excel spreadsheet (MDAC_Geochemistry.xlsx) for this data release.

Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: All source contributions were used for this data compilation.
Process_Date: 20160629

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Latitude and longitude positions, and accompanying depth information, were found to be incorrect in original data and have been corrected, resulting in version 2 of this data release. Metadata file was updated to include versioning information for these corrections.

Process_Date: 20190326
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Nancy Prouty
Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7526
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: nprouty@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Metadata file was brought up to current PCMSC standards, including moving the information about the accompanying journal article from the Larger Works section to the Cross_Reference section, standardizing Cross_Reference citatons, and updating Point_of_Contact and Metadata_Contact information. No data were changed.

Process_Date: 20190327
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Susan Cochran
Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description: Edits were made to standardize a few of the "None" keywords.
Process_Date: 20190620
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Person_Primary:

Contact_Person: Susan A Cochran
Contact_Organization:

U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center

Contact_Address:

Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission St.
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Country: United States

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Edited metadata to add keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. No data were changed.

Process_Date: 20201019
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: VeeAnn A. Cross

Contact_Position: Marine Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 384 Woods Hole Road
City: Woods Hole
State_or_Province: MA
Postal_Code: 02543-1598

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 508-548-8700 x2251
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 508-457-2310
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: vatnipp@usgs.gov

Process_Step:

Process_Description:

Performed minor edits to the metadata to correct typos. No data were changed

Process_Date: 20211013
Process_Contact:

Contact_Information:

Contact_Organization_Primary:

Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey
Contact_Person: Susan A. Cochran

Contact_Position: Geologist
Contact_Address:

Address_Type: Mailing and Physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060

Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7545
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: scochran@usgs.gov

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:

SDTS_Terms_Description:

SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: point
Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 254

Spatial_Reference_Information:

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

Geographic:

Latitude_Resolution: 0.0001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.0001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees

Geodetic_Model:

Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_198
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:

Detailed_Description:

Entity_Type:

Entity_Type_Label: MDAC_Geochemistry_v.2.0.xlsx
Entity_Type_Definition:

Table containing geochemical analyses of authigenic carbonates, sediment, water and mussels.

Entity_Type_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample ID
Attribute_Definition: The unique sample identification of a particular sample
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain:

The Sample ID contains the dive number and either a number or description of the sample in a collection series.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Sample Type
Attribute_Definition: Explains the sample type or sample material matrix
Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: authigenic carbonate-groundmass
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: matrix portion of the authigenic carbonate.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: authigenic carbonate-cement
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: precipitate portion of the authigenic carbonate.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: shell in authigenic carbonate
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

intact shell fragments embedded into the authigenic carbonate matrix.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: sediment
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: geologic solid fragmented material, such as silt, sand, gravel.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: mussel carbonate shell (collected alive)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: carbonate material from mussel shells with living mussel.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: mussel carbonate shell (collected dead)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: carbonate material from mussel shells without living mussel.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: mussel carbonate shell (unknown)
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

carbonate material from mussel shells but not known whether collected from living mussel.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: mussel periostracum
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: thin, organic-rich outer layer of mussel shell.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: seawater
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: filtered seawater collected from Niskin bottle.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: mussel gill
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: gill tissue from mussel specimen
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: carbonate mussel shell (collected dead) 10% HCl
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition:

carbonate material from mussel shells without living mussel and pretreated with 10% hydrochloric acid.

Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: detritus
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: sediment analyzed to quantify the non-authigenic U and Th.
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Location
Attribute_Definition:

Lists whether the sample was collected from either Baltimore Canyon or Norfolk Canyon

Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Baltimore Canyon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Name of canyon where sample was collected
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Enumerated_Domain:

Enumerated_Domain_Value: Norfolk Canyon
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Name of canyon where sample was collected
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition_Source: producer defined

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Station Number
Attribute_Definition:

Station number listed as vessel-year-number. Vessel abbreviations are as follows: RB=R/V Ron Brown; NF=R/V Nancy Foster; AT=R/V Atlantis. Year is designated with two digits (for example 03=2003; 14=2014). Number is a sequential number assigned by the vessel. Gaps in sequential numbers are common, as not all stations had samples collected or analyzed. Vessel designation AT, from the R/V Atlantis also includes the AT cruise number 29.

Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Unrepresentable_Domain: Station number listed as vessel-year-station number.

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Depth (m)
Attribute_Definition:

Identifies either the depth range in meters or the exact depth in meters. Range is given as a function of the remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) dive range when it was uncertain within the dive when a specific specimen was collected and placed in the ROV sled.

Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 364
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1617
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Date of Collection
Attribute_Definition:

Calendar date (month/day/year) when sample was collected in the field

Attribute_Definition_Source: producer defined
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 8/25/12
Range_Domain_Maximum: 7/21/15
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: month/day/year

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Latitude
Attribute_Definition: Latitude
Attribute_Definition_Source: based on ship and ROV navigation systems
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 36.8654
Range_Domain_Maximum: 38.0977
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Longitude
Attribute_Definition: Longitude
Attribute_Definition_Source: based on ship and ROV navigation systems
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -74.5811
Range_Domain_Maximum: -73.7412
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: decimal degrees
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Calcium Carbonate
Attribute_Definition: percent calcium carbonate
Attribute_Definition_Source:

Mineral percentages were determined by multiplying unique peak intensities for each mineral in a sample by relative intensity factors. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as calcium carbonate was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 3.30
Range_Domain_Maximum: 97.20
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: percent
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: delta-C-13
Attribute_Definition:

delta-C-13 is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Carbon-13:Carbon-12, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 13C:12C was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in isotope chemistry
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -70.66
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.90
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand (per mil)
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: delta-O-18
Attribute_Definition:

delta-O-18 is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Oxygen-18:Oxygen-16, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 18O:16O was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in isotope chemistry
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.34
Range_Domain_Maximum: 5.13
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand (per mil)
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 87Sr:86Sr
Attribute_Definition:

a measure of the ratio of isotopes Strontium-87:Strontium-86. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 87Sr:86Sr was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in isotope chemistry
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.70915
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.70924
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.00001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: delta-S-34
Attribute_Definition:

a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Sulfur-34:Sulfur-32, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 34S:32S was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: standard reporting value in isotope chemistry
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -4.07
Range_Domain_Maximum: 22.65
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand (per mil)
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.01

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Delta-C-14
Attribute_Definition:

The relative difference between the absolute international standard (base year 1950) and sample activity corrected for age and delta-Carbon-13. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as Delta-Carbon-14 was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Stuiver and Polach (1977)
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: -959
Range_Domain_Maximum: -24
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per thousand (per mil)
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 1

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: Uranium
Attribute_Definition:

concentration of Uranium in sample in parts per million (ppm). Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as Uranium concentration was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: standard value in analytical chemistry
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 1.1181
Range_Domain_Maximum: 4.5917
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per million (ppm)
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 232Th
Attribute_Definition:

Definition: concentration of Thorium-232 in sample in parts per million (ppm). Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as concentration of 232Th was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: standard value in isotope chemistry
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0650
Range_Domain_Maximum: 18.0806
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: parts per billion (ppb)
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 230Th:232Th AR
Attribute_Definition:

Thorium-230:Thorium-232 Activity Ratio. Activity ratios corrected for hydride formation, tailing, fractionation, SEM-Faraday yield, and tracer isotopic composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 230Th:232Th AR was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.6802
Range_Domain_Maximum: 8.5854
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 232Th:238U AR
Attribute_Definition:

Thorium-232:Uranium-238 Activity Ratio. Activity ratios corrected for hydride formation, tailing, fractionation, SEM-Faraday yield, and tracer isotopic composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 232Th:238U AR was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0062
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.1560
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 232Th:238U AR (error)
Attribute_Definition:

Thorium-232:Uranium-238 Activity Ratio error reported as 2 sigma composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 232Th:238U AR (error) was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0487
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.5451
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 230Th:238U AR
Attribute_Definition:

Thorium-230:Uranium-238 Activity Ratio. Activity ratios corrected for hydride formation, tailing, fractionation, SEM-Faraday yield, and tracer isotopic composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 230Th:238U AR was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.0240
Range_Domain_Maximum: 2.0674
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 230Th:238U AR (error)
Attribute_Definition:

Thorium-230:Uranium-238 Activity Ratio error reported as 2 sigma composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 230Th:238U AR (error) was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.24483
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.00785
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.00001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 234U:238U AR
Attribute_Definition:

Uranium-234:Uranium-238 Activity Ratio. Activity ratios corrected for hydride formation, tailing, fractionation, SEM-Faraday yield, and tracer isotopic composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 234U:238U AR was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.9887
Range_Domain_Maximum: 1.1447
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 234U:238U AR (error)
Attribute_Definition:

Uranium-234:Uranium-238 Activity Ratio error reported as 2 sigma composition. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 234U:238U AR (error) was not calculated for every sample.

Attribute_Definition_Source: defined in Jaffey and others, 1971
Attribute_Domain_Values:

Range_Domain:

Range_Domain_Minimum: 0.1051
Range_Domain_Maximum: 0.1543
Attribute_Measurement_Resolution: 0.0001

Attribute:

Attribute_Label: 230Th:238U AR corrected
Attribute_Definition:

Corrected using average measured detrital Uranium and Thorium isotopic compositions for the Norfolk Canyon [(232Th:238U) = 1.38, (230Th:238U) = 2.05 and (234U:238U) = 0.99, n=3)] and Baltimore Canyon [(232Th:238U) = 1.39, (230Th:238U) = 1.32 and (234U:238U) = 1.00, n=3)] sites with all uncertainties set at +/- 25 percent. Empty cells in the spreadsheet are common, as 230Th:238U AR corrected was not calculated for every sample.