Sediment core pore fluid chemistry measurements collected along the Cascadia margin for the FK190612 expedition in June 2019.

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Sediment core pore fluid chemistry measurements collected along the Cascadia margin for the FK190612 expedition in June 2019.
Abstract:
Geochemical analysis of sediment core pore fluids collected from seep fields on the FK190612 research expedition in the north Pacific Ocean along the Cascadia margin in June 2019. Samples were collected to deconvolve the different processes impacting the fluid chemistry, including hydrate dissociation and clay mineral dehydration during the smectite-illite transformation that releases inter-layer water.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at: http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-619-FA Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Prouty, Nancy G., and Baker, Miranda, 20241121, Sediment core pore fluid chemistry measurements collected along the Cascadia margin for the FK190612 expedition in June 2019.: data release DOI: 10.5066/P1VR2IYU, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Prouty, Nancy G., Baker, Miranda, and Campbell, Pamela L., 2024, Geochemical analysis of authigenic carbonates, water column, and pore fluid measurements collected on the FK190612 research expedition in the north Pacific Ocean along the Cascadia margin in June 2019.: data release DOI: 10.5066/P1VR2IYU, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Suggested Citation: Prouty, N.G., Baker, M.C., and Campbell, P.L., 2024, Geochemical analysis of authigenic carbonates, water column, and pore fluids measurements collected on the FK190612 research expedition in the north Pacific Ocean along the Cascadia margin in June 2019: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1VR2IYU
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -125.1778873
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.6393318
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.9602985
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 43.0138828
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 13-Jun-2019
    Ending_Date: 02-Jul-2019
    Currentness_Reference:
    Ground condition at time data were collected.
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-separated text
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (216)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is D_WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    A comma-separated text file with the first line being a header line.
    Output from chemical analysis of pore fluid samples collected from push cores (Source: Producer defined.)
    Station
    Name of ROV station which samples and measurements were collected based on cruise (FK190612=Falkor and cruise start date (190612) and consecutive ROV SuBastian dive number (for example, S257). (Source: Producer defined) List of station names
    Date
    Sample collection date (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2019-06-13
    Maximum:2019-07-02
    Units:YYYY-MM-DD
    Site ID
    General site sample was collected based on site abbreviation (AC=Astoria Canyon; Grays=Grays Canyon; Heceta=Heceta Bank; Coquille; Nehalem; McArthur) and estimate water depth in m (for example, 550 m). (Source: Producer defined.) List of site IDs
    Cruise Sample ID
    Unique cruise sample ID based on ROV SuBastian dive number (for example, S257) and consecutive sample number (for example, 007). (Source: Producer defined.) List of cruise sample IDs
    Latitude
    Latitude of sample location (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:43.0138828
    Maximum:46.9602985
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.0000001
    Longitude
    Longitude of sample location (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-125.1778873
    Maximum:-124.6393318
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.000001
    Depth
    Depth from the surface (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:184.726
    Maximum:1352.950
    Units:meters
    Resolution:0.001
    Push core number
    Number of push core (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3
    Maximum:32
    Units:unitless
    Resolution:1
    Core depth
    Vertical depth in push core from top of sediment. (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0
    Maximum:20.5
    Units:cm
    Resolution:0.1
    Chloride
    Pore fluid chloride concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:499.83
    Maximum:580.71
    Units:millimolar
    Resolution:0.01
    Sulfate
    Pore fluid sulfate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.75
    Maximum:41.05
    Units:millimolar
    Resolution:0.01
    Sulfide
    Pore fluid sulfide concentration with dilution Factor due to 0.5mL Zinc Acetate addition. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0009
    Maximum:0.1218
    Units:millimolar
    Resolution:0.0001
    delta-O-18
    delta-O-18 is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Oxygen-18:Oxygen-16 in water, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-1.18
    Maximum:1.82
    Units:per mil
    Resolution:0.01
    delta-D
    delta-D is a measure of the ratio of stable isotopes Hydrogen (deuterium)-2:Hydrogen-1 in water, reported in parts per thousand (per mil). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-2.20
    Maximum:7.67
    Units:per mil
    Resolution:0.01
    phosphate
    Dissolved inorganic phosphate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.04
    Maximum:135.68
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Silicate
    Dissolved inorganic silicate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.14
    Maximum:628.04
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Nitrite
    Dissolved inorganic nitrite concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.02
    Maximum:13.46
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Nitrate and Nitrite
    Dissolved inorganic nitrate and nitrite concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.08
    Maximum:39.42
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Ammonia
    Dissolved inorganic ammonia concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0. 19
    Maximum:494.33
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The first line of the comma-separated text file is a header line.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Nancy G. Prouty
    • Miranda Baker
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Roberto Gwiazda (Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute), Susan Pit (University of California at Santa Cruz), Jennifer O’keefe Suttles (USGS), Ken Marchus (University of California at Santa Barbara), Colin Carney (University of California at Santa Cruz)
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

These samples were collected and analyzed as part of an effort to map, quantitative survey, and sample seafloor benthic communities, associated sediment infauna, and motile organisms near seeps; characterize the physics and chemistry of sediments at seep locations and in the farfield; and geochronologic studies of authigenic carbonates to constrain the timing of methane seepage events as part of the CaMMeRA (Cascadia Margin Methane Research Action) project.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    nutrient analysis (source 1 of 4)
    University of California at Santa Barbara, Marine Science Institute, 2019, Pore fluid nutrient analysis.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: pore fluid lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    Flow injection analysis for dissolved nutrient (nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, and silicate) concentrations.
    Oxygen (delta-O-18) and Hydrogen (delta-D) analysis of water (source 2 of 4)
    University of California at Santa Cruz, Stable Isotope Laboratory, 2021, Pore fluid isotope analysis.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: pore fluid lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    A Picarro L2130-i isotope analyzer was used to determine pore fluid stable istopes of oxygen and hydrogen in water.
    sulfide (source 3 of 4)
    U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, 2019, pore fluid sulfide analysis.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: pore fluid lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    Sulfide samples were analyzed spectrophotometrically following the methylene blue method (Cline SiL 1969; Reese and others, 2011) using a Thermo Scientific GENESYS 20 spectrophotometer (1 cm cell, 670 nanometer wavelength). The detection limit was determined as 2 times the concentration of the reagent blank (Reese and others 2011) or LOD =1 micromolar. Quality assurance included replicate analysis of prepared standards and field samples. Average coefficient of variation of replicates for this sample set was less than 1 percent.
    anions (sulfate and chloride) (source 4 of 4)
    Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI), 2019, Pore fluid anion analysis.

    Type_of_Source_Media: Pore fluid lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    Dissolved anion concentrations, chloride (Cl-) and sulfate (SO42-) were analyzed using a DX-120 ion chromatograph ion chromatograph at Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI). Pore water samples were filtered through 0.22 micron filters, diluted 1:100 with milli-Q water, and injected into a Dionex DX-120 ion chromatograph. Bracketing standards were run every five samples. Long-term reproducibility of Cl- and SO42-concentration measurements is 3.2 percent (2 sigma).
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2021 (process 1 of 2)
    Sediment push cores were collected using the remotely operated vehicle (ROV) SuBastian (Schmidt Ocean Institute) and pore fluids were extracted using Rhizon samplers (0.15-micron pore size). Pore fluid samples were analyzed by several different labs (see Sources) for different variables. Data from all lab analyses were combined into a single document. -9999 cell value indicates no data (for example, where water sample was not analyzed for a particular variable given sample volume limitations). Data sources used in this process:
    • nutrient analysis
    • anions
    • sulfide
    • Oxygen (delta-O-18) and Hydrogen (delta-D)
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • lab data
    Date: 2021 (process 2 of 2)
    Sediment Pore fluid data were combined into a single document (FK109612_Porefluid_data.csv). Data sources used in this process:
    • lab data
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Cline, J.D., 1969, Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulfide in natural waters.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Cline, J.D., 1969, Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen sulfide in natural waters: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 14(3), p. 454-458.
    Reese, B.K., Finneran, D.W., Mills, H.J, Zhu, M.X., and Morse, J.W., 2011, Examination and refinement of the determination of aqueous hydrogen sulfide by the methylene blue method.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Reese, B.K., Finneran, D.W., Mills, H.J., Zhu, M.X., and Morese, J.W., 2011, Examination and refinement of the determination of aqueous hydrogen sulfide by the methylene blue method: Aquatic Geochemistry, v. 17, 567-582.

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    All geochemistry data were calibrated against known standards
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy is based on ship’s position using the navigations system; Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) called CNAV with an accuracy of 1 m.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Depth was determined using a Valeport minilPS depth sensor with a stated accuracy of 0.01 percent.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints No access constraints
Use_Constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, and the Schmidt Ocean Institute (SOI) as the originators of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in a comma-delimited text file (FK190612_Porefluid_data.csv) which contains seawater carbonate analysis and CTD data for all collected water samples.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data can be viewed with any text editor software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 21-Nov-2024
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P1VR2IYU/FK190612_Porefluids_metadata.faq.html>
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