Grain size and charcoal abundance in sediment samples from Los Padres reservoir, Carmel River watershed, California

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Title:
Grain size and charcoal abundance in sediment samples from Los Padres reservoir, Carmel River watershed, California
Abstract:
Sediment samples were collected from Los Padres reservoir in the Carmel River watershed, central California coast, between July 11 and 17, 2017, using a CME-45 barge-mounted drill rig, to characterize sedimentary properties in the reservoir deposits following the Soberanes Fire of 2016 and high river flows in winter 2017. Borehole samples were recovered using direct push coring with an Osterberg piston sampler operated by Taber Drilling Company of Sacramento, California, and overseen by AECOM, Inc. Sediment was recovered using a split-barrel sampler and a rotary drill bit was added to the sampler where needed to penetrate coarse sediment. Samples from four boreholes are described in this data release: three sampled at multiple sediment depths (B2, B3, and B7) and a fourth (B4) from which only the topmost sample is included. Each borehole was drilled to the depth of apparent pre-dam alluvium or bedrock. Alternate sections were described and sampled; every second section was discarded without examination. Sediment samples were analyzed for grain size and charcoal abundance at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) laboratories in Santa Cruz, California. This data set complements data analyzed and presented by AECOM, Inc., for the Los Padres Alternatives Study Technical Memorandum prepared for the Monterey Peninsula Water Management District in October 2017 (https://www.mpwmd.net/asd/board/committees/watersupply/2018/20180123/02/Item-2-Exh-C.pdf). The USGS gratefully acknowledges collaboration with B. Kozlowicz of AECOM in the collection of these data.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the USGS field activity or activities from which these data were derived is available online at:
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2017-635-FA
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    East, Amy E., Tan, Angela C., Hallas, Leticia, and Williamson, Jessica L., 20230615, Grain size and charcoal abundance in sediment samples from Los Padres reservoir, Carmel River watershed, California: data release DOI:10.5066/P9C7NKM4, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Suggested Citation: East, A.E., Tan, A.C., Hallas, L., and Williamson, J.L., 2023, Grain size and charcoal abundance in sediment samples from Los Padres reservoir, Carmel River watershed, California: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/ P9C7NKM4.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -121.666476
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -121.664314
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.383113
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.380511
  3. What does it look like?
    https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/641df3c9d34e807d39b7c0a0?name=IMG_5248.JPG&allowOpen=true (JPEG)
    Borehole drilling on Los Padres resevoir
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 13-Jul-2017
    Currentness_Reference:
    days of sample collection
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (45)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.00001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal Degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257223563.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Attribute table
    Table of data (Source: producer defined)
    Sample_ID
    Name of sample (Source: producer defined) unique identifier for each sample
    Date_Collected
    Date of sample collection (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2017-07-13
    Maximum:2017-07-16
    Units:yyyy-mm-dd
    Longitude_NAD83
    Longitude of sample collection in decimal degrees (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-121.66648
    Maximum:-121.66431
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.00001
    Latitude_NAD83
    Latitude of sample collection in decimal degrees (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:36.38051
    Maximum:36.38311
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.00001
    Midpoint_depth_cm
    Depth of sample location in centimeters (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3
    Maximum:1654
    Units:centimeters
    Field_description_of_sampled_sedimentary_layer
    Sample description, texture, grain size, etc. (Source: producer defined) text to describe the sample
    Charcoal_count
    Abundance of charcoal particles in a sample of known volume (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1856
    Units:count
    -4.00phi_16mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter greater than -4.00 phi, or 16 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    -3.75phi_13.5mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -4.00 and -3.75 phi, or 13.5 and 16 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    -3.50phi_11.2mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.75 and -3.50 phi, or 11.2 and 13.5 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    -3.25phi_9.51mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.50 and -3.25 phi, or 9.51 and 11.2 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    -3.00phi_8mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.25 and -3.00 phi, or 8 and 9.51 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    -2.75phi_6.73mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -3.00 and -2.75 phi, or 6.73 and 8 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    -2.50phi_5.66mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.75 and -2.50 phi, or 5.66 and 6.73 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.71
    Units:percentage
    -2.25phi_4.76mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.50 and -2.25 phi, or 4.76 and 5.66 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:4.08
    Units:percentage
    -2.00phi_4mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.25 and -2.00 phi, or 4 and 4.76 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:5.74
    Units:percentage
    -1.75phi_3.36mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -2.00 and -1.75 phi, or 3.36 and 4 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.44
    Units:percentage
    -1.50phi_2.83mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.75 and -1.50 phi, or 2.83 and 3.36 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.28
    Units:percentage
    -1.25phi_2.38mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.50 and -1.25 phi, or 2.38 and 2.83 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:5.36
    Units:percentage
    -1.00phi_2mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.25 and -1.00 phi, or 2 and 2.38 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.41
    Units:percentage
    -0.75phi_1.68mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -1.00 and -0.75 phi, or 1.68 and 2 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.39
    Units:percentage
    -0.50phi_1.41mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -0.75 and -0.50 phi, or 1.41 and 1.68 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:13.54
    Units:percentage
    -0.25phi_1.19mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -0.50 and -0.25 phi, or 1.19 and 1.41 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:12.44
    Units:percentage
    0.00phi_1mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between -0.25 and 0.00 phi, or 1 and 1.19 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:11.51
    Units:percentage
    0.25phi_0.8409mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.00 and 0.25 phi, or 0.8409 and 1 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.19
    Units:percentage
    0.50phi_0.7071mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.25 and 0.50 phi, or 0.7071 and 0.8409 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.83
    Units:percentage
    0.75phi_0.5946mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.50 and 0.75 phi, or 0.5946 and 0.7071 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.67
    Units:percentage
    1.00phi_0.5mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 0.75 and 1.00 phi, or 0.5 and 0.5946 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.54
    Units:percentage
    1.25phi_0.4204mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.00 and 1.25 phi, or 0.4204 and 0.5 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:9.90
    Units:percentage
    1.50phi_0.3536mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.25 and 1.50 phi, or 0.3536 and 0.4204 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:10.53
    Units:percentage
    1.75phi_0.2973mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.50 and 1.75 phi, or 0.2973 and 0.3536 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:11.02
    Units:percentage
    2.00phi_0.25mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 1.75 and 2.00 phi, or 0.25 and 0.2973 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:10.65
    Units:percentage
    2.25phi_0.2102mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.00 and 2.25 phi, or 0.2102 and 0.25 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:9.35
    Units:percentage
    2.50phi_0.1768mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.25 and 2.50 phi, or 0.1768 and 0.2102 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:9.94
    Units:percentage
    2.75phi_0.1487mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.50 and 2.75 phi, or 0.1487 and 0.1768 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:11.39
    Units:percentage
    3.00phi_0.125mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 2.75 and 3.00 phi, or 0.125 and 0.1487 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:11.72
    Units:percentage
    3.25phi_0.1051mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.00 and 3.25 phi, or 0.1051 and 0.125 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:10.73
    Units:percentage
    3.50phi_0.088388mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.25 and 3.50 phi, or 0.088388 and 0.1051 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.75
    Units:percentage
    3.75phi_0.074325mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.50 and 3.75 phi, or 0.074325 and 0.088388 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.42
    Units:percentage
    4.00phi_0.0625mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 3.75 and 4.00 phi, or 0.0625 and 0.074325 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.9
    Units:percentage
    4.25phi_0.052556mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.00 and 4.25 phi, or 0.052556 and 0.0625 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.95
    Units:percentage
    4.50phi_0.044194mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.25 and 4.50 phi, or 0.044194 and 0.052556 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.66
    Units:percentage
    4.75phi_0.037163mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.50 and 4.75 phi, or 0.037163 and 0.044194 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.36
    Units:percentage
    5.00phi_0.03125mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 4.75 and 5.00 phi, or 0.03125 and 0.037163 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:8.54
    Units:percentage
    5.25phi_0.026278mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.00 and 5.25 phi, or 0.026278 and 0.03125 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.98
    Units:percentage
    5.50phi_0.022097mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.25 and 5.50 phi, or 0.022097 and 0.026278 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:7.07
    Units:percentage
    5.75phi_0.018581mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.50 and 5.75 phi, or 0.018581 and 0.022097 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:6.18
    Units:percentage
    6.00phi_0.015625mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 5.75 and 6.00 phi, or 0.015625 and 0.018581 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:5.68
    Units:percentage
    6.25phi_0.013139mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.00 and 6.25 phi, or 0.013139 and 0.015625 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:5.41
    Units:percentage
    6.50phi_0.011049mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.25 and 6.50 phi, or 0.011049 and 0.013139 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:5
    Units:percentage
    6.75phi_0.009291mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.50 and 6.75 phi, or 0.009291 and 0.011049 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:4.75
    Units:percentage
    7.00phi_0.007813mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 6.75 and 7.00 phi, or 0.007813 and 0.009291 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:4.51
    Units:percentage
    7.25phi_0.00657mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.00 and 7.25 phi, or 0.00657 and 0.007813 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:4.18
    Units:percentage
    7.50phi_0.005524mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.25 and 7.50 phi, or 0.005524 and 0.00657 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.87
    Units:percentage
    7.75phi_0.004645mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.50 and 7.75 phi, or 0.004645 and 0.005524 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.46
    Units:percentage
    8.00phi_0.003906mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 7.75 and 8.00 phi, or 0.003906 and 0.004645 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3.14
    Units:percentage
    8.25phi_0.003285mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.00 and 8.25 phi, or 0.003285 and 0.003906 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.82
    Units:percentage
    8.50phi_0.002762mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.25 and 8.50 phi, or 0.002762 and 0.003285 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.46
    Units:percentage
    8.75phi_0.002323mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.50 and 8.75 phi, or 0.002323 and 0.002762 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:2.2
    Units:percentage
    9.00phi_0.001953mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 8.75 and 9.00 phi, or 0.001953 and 0.002323 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.97
    Units:percentage
    9.25phi_0.001642mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.00 and 9.25 phi, or 0.001642 and 0.001953 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.79
    Units:percentage
    9.50phi_0.001381mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.25 and 9.50 phi, or 0.001381 and 0.001642 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.63
    Units:percentage
    9.75phi_0.001161mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.50 and 9.75 phi, or 0.001161 and 0.001381 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.52
    Units:percentage
    9.99phi_0.000983mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.75 and 9.99 phi, or 0.000983 and 0.001161 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.34
    Units:percentage
    10.25phi_0.000821mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 9.99 and 10.25 phi, or 0.000821 and 0.000983 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.26
    Units:percentage
    10.50phi_0.000691mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.25 and 10.50 phi, or 0.000691 and 0.000821 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:1.04
    Units:percentage
    10.75phi_0.000581mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.50 and 10.75 phi, or 0.000581 and 0.000691 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.82
    Units:percentage
    10.99phi_0.000492mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.75 and 10.99 phi, or 0.000492 and 0.000581 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.57
    Units:percentage
    11.25phi_0.000411mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 10.99 and 11.25 phi, or 0.000411 and 0.000492 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.32
    Units:percentage
    11.48phi_0.00035mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 11.25 and 11.48 phi, or 0.00035 and 0.000411 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.07
    Units:percentage
    12.02phi_0.000241mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 11.48 and 12.02 phi, or 0.000241 and 0.00035 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    13.02phi_0.00012mm
    Weight percent of sample with grain diameter between 12.02 and 13.02 phi, or 0.00012 and 0.000241 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Units:percentage
    Percent_Gravel
    percent of sample greater than 2 mm (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:31.51
    Units:percentage
    Percent_Sand
    percent of sample less than 2 mm and greater than 63 microns (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.67
    Maximum:93.71
    Units:percentage
    Percent_Silt
    percent of sample less than 63 microns and greater than 4 microns (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.85
    Maximum:80.36
    Units:percentage
    Percent_Clay
    percent of sample less than 4 microns (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.16
    Maximum:19.81
    Units:percentage
    Percent_Mud
    percent of sample less than 63 microns (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.02
    Maximum:92.33
    Units:percentage
    Gravel_to_Sand_ratio
    ratio of percent gravel in sample to percent sand (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.47
    Units:dimensionless
    Sand_to_Silt_ratio
    ratio of percent sand in sample to percent silt (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.1
    Maximum:35.89
    Units:dimensionless
    Silt_to_Clay_ratio
    ratio of percent silt in sample to percent clay (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.46
    Maximum:15.07
    Units:dimensionless
    Sand_to_Clay_ratio
    ratio of percent sand in sample to percent clay (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.5
    Maximum:406.69
    Units:dimensionless
    Sand_to_Mud_ratio
    ratio of percent sand in sample to percent mud (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.08
    Maximum:32.98
    Units:dimensionless
    Gravel_to_Mud_ratio
    ratio of percent gravel in sample to percent mud (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:15.63
    Units:dimensionless
    D5_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D5 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-2.45
    Maximum:3.8
    Units:Phi size
    D10_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D10 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-2.19
    Maximum:4.17
    Units:Phi size
    D16_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D16 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-1.59
    Maximum:4.48
    Units:Phi size
    D25_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D25 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-1.18
    Maximum:4.86
    Units:Phi size
    D50_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D50 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.53
    Maximum:6.18
    Units:Phi size
    D75_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D75 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.02
    Maximum:7.6
    Units:Phi size
    D84_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D84 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.46
    Maximum:8.35
    Units:Phi size
    D90_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D90 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.9
    Maximum:9.05
    Units:Phi size
    D95_percent_coarser_in_phi
    Phi size at D95 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.79
    Maximum:9.83
    Units:Phi size
    D95_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D95 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.29
    Units:millimeters
    D90_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D90 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.54
    Units:millimeters
    D84_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D84 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0.73
    Units:millimeters
    D75_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D75 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.01
    Maximum:1.01
    Units:millimeters
    D50_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D50 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.01
    Maximum:1.45
    Units:millimeters
    D25_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D25 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.03
    Maximum:2.27
    Units:millimeters
    D16_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D16 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.04
    Maximum:3
    Units:millimeters
    D10_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D10 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.06
    Maximum:4.55
    Units:millimeters
    D5_percent_coarser_in_mm
    mm size at D5 in percent coarser (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.07
    Maximum:5.45
    Units:millimeters
    Folk_Ward_Median_percent_coarser
    median for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.53
    Maximum:6.18
    Units:Phi size
    Folk_Ward_Mean_percent_coarser
    mean for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.55
    Maximum:6.29
    Units:Phi size
    Folk_Ward_Sorting_percent_coarser
    sorting for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.09
    Maximum:3.07
    Units:dimensionless
    Folk_Ward_Skewness_percent_coarser
    skewness for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.12
    Maximum:0.44
    Units:dimensionless
    Folk_Ward_Kurtosis_percent_coarser
    kurtosis for sample by Folk and Ward (1957) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.82
    Maximum:1.69
    Units:dimensionless
    Inman_Median_percent_coarser
    median for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.53
    Maximum:6.18
    Units:Phi size
    Inman_Mean_percent_coarser
    mean for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.57
    Maximum:6.34
    Units:Phi size
    Inman_Sorting_percent_coarser
    sorting for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.98
    Maximum:3.19
    Units:dimensionless
    Inman_Skew_16_84_percent_coarser
    skewness for sample (D16-D84) by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.22
    Maximum:0.41
    Units:dimensionless
    Inman_Skew_05_95_percent_coarser
    skewness for sample (D05-D95) by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.5
    Maximum:1.12
    Units:dimensionless
    Inman_Kurtosis_percent_coarser
    kurtosis for sample by Inman (1952) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.53
    Maximum:1.5
    Units:dimensionless
    Trask_Median_percent_coarser
    median for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.01
    Maximum:1.45
    Units:millimeters
    Trask_Mean_percent_coarser
    mean for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.02
    Maximum:1.64
    Units:millimeters
    Trask_Sorting_percent_coarser
    sorting for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.5
    Maximum:5.42
    Units:dimensionless
    Trask_Skewness_percent_coarser
    skewness for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.62
    Maximum:3.09
    Units:dimensionless
    Trask_Kurtosis_percent_coarser
    kurtosis for sample by Trask (1930) method (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.12
    Maximum:0.29
    Units:dimensionless
    1_Moment_Mean_Phi
    First Moment measure (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.43
    Maximum:6.12
    Units:Phi size
    1_Moment_Mean_mm
    First Moment measure (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.01
    Maximum:1.35
    Units:millimeters
    2_Moment_Variance
    Second Moment measure (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.89
    Maximum:8.98
    Units:dimensionless
    2_Moment_Standard_Deviation
    Second Moment measure (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.37
    Maximum:3
    Units:Phi size
    3_Moment_Skewness
    Third Moment measure (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-0.7
    Maximum:2.13
    Units:dimensionless
    4_Moment_Kurtosis
    Fourth Moment measure (Source: producer defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.37
    Maximum:11.9
    Units:dimensionless
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: The first line of the csv file is a header line.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Amy E. East
    • Angela C. Tan
    • Leticia Hallas
    • Jessica L. Williamson
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    USGS gratefully acknowledges collaboration with B. Kozlowicz (AECOM).
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

Laboratory measurements of sediment grain sizes and charcoal abundance in Los Padres reservoir, Carmel River watershed, California, to characterize post-fire sedimentation history.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 29-Dec-2022 (process 1 of 3)
    GRAIN-SIZE ANALYSIS: Grain-size analysis was conducted by the USGS Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center (PCMSC) sediment lab using a Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 particle size analyzer with an aqueous liquid module attachment. PCMSC procedures are modified from those described in Carver (1971) and Folk (1974, 1980). 5-50 grams of sediment was sub-sampled and at least 10 milliliters of 30 percent hydrogen peroxide was added to oxidize overnight to remove organics. The samples were then heated to 250 degrees Celsius to drive off excess hydrogen peroxide. Next, samples were placed in an ultrasonic bath to help disperse silt and clay (mud) from sand and larger-sized particles. Samples were then rinsed twice in deionized water with centrifugation to remove soluble ions. Subsequently, the samples were wet sieved with 1 millimeter and 0.063 millimeter sieves to segregate the combined gravel and coarse sand fraction (greater than 1 millimeter), sand (1 millimeter to 0.063 millimeter), and mud (less than 0.063 millimeter). The coarse sand + gravel fractions were then dried, dry sieved at 1/4phi intervals and weighed (Carver, 1971). The sand fraction was dried and weighed. The mud fraction was collected in a 1 liter graduated cylinder, 5 milliliters of at least 10 percent sodium hexametaphosphate (dispersant) was added, and deionized water was added to bring the total the volume to 1 liter. The mud + dispersant solution sat overnight to ensure complete dispersion and to observe if flocculation occurred. Subsequently, a 20 milliliter aliquot was extracted from the graduated cylinder and dried to obtain the mud fraction weight normalized to a 1-liter basis. The mud and sand fractions were analyzed separately via the Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 with the aqueous liquid module attachment. All size fraction data were compiled and converted by the PCMSC sediment lab pcSDSZ program (Penscil, 2015) to a grain-size distribution at 1/4phi size intervals on a weight percent basis. pcSDSZ also calculated interpolated sizes and graphical statistics on a percent coarser basis (Folk and Ward, 1957; Folk, 1966; Folk, 1974, 1980; Inman, 1952; Trask, 1930, 1932) and moment measures (Collias and others, 1963; Jaquet and Vernet, 1976; Folk 1980).
    Date: 29-Dec-2022 (process 2 of 3)
    INTERPOLATED SIZES: Grain sizes at select cumulative percentage values (D) were calculated by the PCMSC Sediment Lab software pcSDSZ version 1.71 on a percent coarser basis, which summed from coarse to fine bins. D values were interpolated between phi bins bracketing the specified D value. Grain sizes were converted into units of millimeters (mm) using the formula mm=reciprocal of 2(exponent)phi or (phi=-log2(mm)). Interpolated grain sizes at D5, D10, D16, D25, D50, D75, D84, D90, and D95 are reported in phi and millimeter units.
    Date: 29-Dec-2022 (process 3 of 3)
    CHARCOAL ANALYSIS: Charcoal abundance was analyzed in 1.23-milliliter sediment samples that had been sub-sampled from dry sediment samples. The 1.23-ml sub-samples were treated with 6 percent sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach), slowly agitating the samples and bleach together in a 50-ml test tube for two hours. Samples were then wet-sieved at 125 microns, and the fraction coarser than 125 microns was washed into disposable petri dishes and oven-dried at 50 degrees C. Once dried, the samples were examined under a binocular microscope at 15x magnification using a gridded background to facilitate thorough, accurate counting coverage. Charcoal particles were counted by one technician to ensure consistency. These methods are based on those of Anderson and others, 2022.
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Beckman-Coulter, 2011, Instructions for Use: LS 13 320 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Beckman-Coulter, 2011, Instructions for Use: LS 13 320 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer: Brea, Calif., Beckman-Coulter, 246 p.
    Carver, Robert E., 1971, Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Carver, R.E., 1971, Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology: Wiley Interscience, New York: 49-94.
    Collias, E. E., Rona, M. R., McManus, D. A., and Creager, J. S., 1963, Machine Processing of Geological Data.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Collias, E.E., Rona, M.R., McManus, D.A., and Creager, J.S., 1963, Machine processing of geological data: Department of Oceanography, University of Washington, Technical Report No. 87, 119 p.
    Engleman, Edythe E., Jackson, Larry L., and Norton, Daniel R., 1985, Determination of carbonate carbon in geological materials by coulometric titration.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Engleman, E.E., Jackson, L.L., and Norton, D.R., 1985, Determinations of Carbonate Carbon in Geological Materials by Coulometric Titration: Chemical Geology, 53, 125-128.
    Folk, Robert Louis, 1974, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Folk, R.L., 1974, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks: Hemphill Publishing Co., Austin, TX, 182 p.
    Folk, Robert Louis, 1980, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Folk, R.L., 1980, Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks: Hemphill Publishing Co., Austin, TX, 184 p.
    Folk, Robert Louis, 1966, A review of grain-size parameters.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Folk, R.L.,1966, A review of grain-size parameters: Sedimentology, 6, 73-93.
    Folk, Robert Louis, and Ward, William C., 1957, Brazos River bar; a study in the significance of grain size parameters.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Folk, R.L., and Ward, W.C., 1957, Brazos River bar; a study in the significance of grain size parameters: Journal of Sedimentary Research, 27, 3-26.
    Inman, Douglas Lamar, 1952, Measures for describing the size distribution of sediments.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Inman, D.L., 1952, Measures for describing the size distribution of sediments: Journal of Sedimentary Research, 22, 125-145.
    Jaquet, J.M., and Vernet, J.P., 1976, Moment and graphic size parameters in sediments of Lake Geneva (Switzerland).

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Jaquet J.M., and Vernet J.P., 1976, Moment and graphic size parameters in sediments of Lake Geneva (Switzerland): Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 46, 305-312.
    Inc., Penscil, 2015, pcSDSZ: Sediment Size Analysis Software for Windows Operation Manual Version 2.00, prepared for USGS Coastal and Marine Geology.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Penscil Inc., 2015, pcSDSZ: Sediment Size Analysis Software for Windows Operation Manual Version 2.00, prepared for USGS Coastal and Marine Geology. Unpublished document.
    Syvitski, J., 1991, Principles, Methods, and Applications of Particle Size Analysis.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Syvitski, J., 1991, Principles, Methods, and Applications of Particle Size Analysis: Cambridge University Press, New York, USA. 292 p.
    Trask, Parker D., 1930, Mechanical analyses of sediments by centrifuge.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Trask, P.D., 1930, Mechanical analyses of sediments by centrifuge: Economic Geology, 25, p. 581-599.
    Trask, Parker D., 1932, Origin and environment of source sediments of petroleum.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Trask, P. D., 1932, Origin and environment of source sediments of petroleum: Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. 323 p.
    Inc., UIC, 2022, Operation Manual Model CM5017 CO2 Coulometer.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    UIC Inc., Operation Manual Model CM5017 CO2 Coulometer, Joliet, IL, 2.0, 28-30.
    Inc., UIC, 2022, Operation Manual Model CM5200 Autosampler Furnace.

    Other_Citation_Details:
    UIC Inc., Operation Manual Model CM5200 Autosampler Furnace, Joliet, IL, 2.4, 13 p.
    Anderson, Lysanna, Presnetsova, Liuboc, Wahl, David B., Phelps, Geoffrey, and Gous, Alan, 2022, Assessing Reproducibility in Sedimentary Macroscopic Charcoal Count Data.

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Anderson, L., Presnetsova, L., Wahl, D.B., Phelps, G., and Gous, A., 2022, Assessing reproducibility in sedimentary macroscopic charcoal count data. Quaternary Research 111, 177–196. https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2022.43

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    For grain-size analyses, annual service tests and daily calibrations with reference standards ensured that the Beckman Coulter LS 13 320 operated within specifications (Beckman-Coulter, 2011). Each sample was analyzed three times by the instrument and the data were averaged. In addition, a lab procedural duplicate was run with each batch of samples to ensure consistency and values were within 15 percent. For total carbon and total inorganic carbon analyses, duplicates were run for each sample and the results were averaged. PCMSC ensured that the instrument was within specifications by running blanks and pure, reagent-grade calcium carbonate standard before and after every 10 samples. A lab procedural duplicate was run with each batch of samples to ensure consistency and values were within 15 percent. The duplicate carbon values were within 15 percent.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Reported geographic coordinates of sites are estimated to be within 5 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data values are within the expected values.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in csv format (LosPadres_grainsize_and_charcoal_abundance_data.csv), which also includes CSDGM FGDCcompliant metadata.]
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data can be viewed with any text-reading or spreadsheet software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 15-Jun-2023
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P9C7NKM4/LosPadres_grainsize_and_charcoal_abundance_metadata.faq.html>
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