Geochemical and mineralogic analysis of authigenic carbonates collected offshore the U.S. Mid- and South Atlantic

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Title:
Geochemical and mineralogic analysis of authigenic carbonates collected offshore the U.S. Mid- and South Atlantic
Abstract:
Geochemical and mineralogic analysis of selected carbonate rock samples collected from seep fields on the RB1903 and AT41 research expeditions in the U.S. Mid- and South Atlantic.Samples were collected as a fingerprint to past hydrocarbon seep activity, fluid source, and depositional environment. Analyses include: Wavelength-dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) major element, Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectroscopy/Mass Spectroscopy (ICPOES-MS) major and minor element, and x-ray diffractrometry (XRD) mineralogy. All WDXRF and ICPOES-MS samples were analyzed by the U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Resource Program Analytical Geochemistry facility via its contract laboratory, AGAT Laboratories.XRD samples were analyzed at the Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at:
http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-620-FA http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-003-FA http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2018-042-FA
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Chaytor, Jason D., and Prouty, Nancy G., 20220811, Geochemical and mineralogic analysis of authigenic carbonates collected offshore the U.S. Mid- and South Atlantic: data release DOI:10.5066/P9DRU8TP, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Prouty, Nancy G., and Chaytor, Jason D., 2022, Carbonate chemistry measurements of authigenic carbonates collected offshore the U.S. Mid- and South Atlantic in 2018 and 2019 as part of the DEEPSEARCH Project: data release DOI:10.5066/P9DRU8TP, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -76.1907
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -74.7924
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.9274
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.4938
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 21-Aug-2018
    Ending_Date: 27-Apr-2019
    Currentness_Reference:
    Ground condition at time data were collected.
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is D_WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    DeepSearch_AC_XRDmineralogy.csv
    Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing XRD analysis data. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Cruise ID
    Name of cruise on which samples were collected. The name of the cruise may contain a ship abbreviation and year (Ron Brown=RB1903 and [20XX year, month], AT41=R/V Atlantis and sequential cruise number). (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    AT41AT41=R/V Atlantis [AT] and sequential cruise number. The corresponding USGS Field Activity Number (FAN) for this sample collection is 2018-042-FA.
    RB1903NOAA Ship Ron Brown [RB] and [20XX year, month]. The corresponding USGS Field Activity Numbers (FANs) for this sample collection are 2019-003-FA and 2019-620-FA.
    Vessel
    Name of ship on which samples were collected (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    R/V AtlantisThe R/V Atlantis is a research vessel owned and operated by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    NOAA Ship Ronald H. BrownThe NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown is a research vessel owned and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
    Site
    Formal or informal site name where samples were collected (Source: Producer Defined) Names of sites
    Date Collected
    Date [MM/DD/YYY] (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:8/21/2018
    Maximum:4/28/2019
    Sample ID
    Unique cruise sample ID based on cruise ID (for example, RB1903 or AT41), submersible (J2=JASON II, A=Alvin), dive number (for example, 1133 or 4967), sample storage location (for example, B5=biobox 5, RB=rear biobox), and sample number (for example, R1 with R=rock, 1=first rock collected). (Source: Producer Defined) Unique cruise sample ID
    Depth
    Meters below sea level (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:235
    Maximum:2587
    Units:meters
    Lat
    Latitude of sample location (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:32.4938
    Maximum:35.9274
    Units:decimal degrees
    Long
    Longitude of sample location (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-76.1907
    Maximum:-74.7924
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Split ID
    U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC) subsample ID based on the field activity number (for example, 18042), unique cruise sample ID (for example, A4967-R2), analysis type (for example, G=geochemistry or X=XRD) and sequential number of subsamples analyzed (Source: Producer Defined) Unique laboratory subsample IDs
    Sample Type
    Portion of the sample being analyzed (bulk=groundmass with some cement, cement=clean separated cement) (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    bulkgroundmass with some cement
    cementclean separated cement
    Quartz
    Quartz measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.00
    Maximum:23.45
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Aragonite
    Aragonite measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:36.65
    Maximum:97.0
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Calcite
    Quartz measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.21
    Maximum:15.10
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    High-Mg Calcite
    High-Mg calcite measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.40
    Maximum:10.10
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Dolomite
    Dolomite measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.55
    Maximum:94.1
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Plagioclase Feldspar
    Plagioclase feldspar measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.40
    Maximum:16.00
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Potassium Feldspar
    Potassium feldspar measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-9999
    Maximum:-9999
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Mica (Muscovite/Biotite)
    Mica (undifferentiated) measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.80
    Maximum:4.40
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Illite
    Illite (clay) measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.10
    Maximum:1.25
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Chlorite Group
    Chlorite group (clay) measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.41
    Maximum:5.55
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Kaolinite
    Kaolinite (clay) measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.55
    Maximum:1.30
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Smectite/Mont.
    Smectite clays (inc. montmorillonite) measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.99
    Maximum:1.35
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Pyroxenes/Titanite
    Pyroxene (undifferentiated) or titanite measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.30
    Maximum:10.13
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Amphiboles
    Amphiboles (undifferentiated) measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.17
    Maximum:1.39
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    Rutile
    Rutie measured by X-ray diffractometry and whole powder pattern fitting-Rietveld structure refinement. A value of -9999 indicates the phase was not identified. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.39
    Maximum:2.45
    Units:Weight percent (equiv.)
    Resolution:0.01
    DeepSearch_AC_ICPMS-OES.csv
    Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing ICPMS-OES analysis results. Measurement resolution reflects the lower limit of detection for each element. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Cruise ID
    Name of cruise on which samples were collected. The name of the cruise may contain a ship abbreviation and year (Ron Brown=RB1903 and [20XX year, month], AT41=R/V Atlantis and sequential cruise number). (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    AT41AT41=R/V Atlantis [AT] and sequential cruise number. The corresponding USGS Field Activity Number (FAN) for this sample collection is 2018-042-FA.
    RB1903NOAA Ship Ron Brown [RB] and [20XX year, month]. The corresponding USGS Field Activity Numbers (FANs) for this sample collection are 2019-003-FA and 2019-620-FA.
    Vessel
    Name of ship on which samples were collected (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    R/V AtlantisThe R/V Atlantis is a research vessel owned and operated by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    NOAA Ship Ronald H. BrownThe NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown is a research vessel owned and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
    Site
    Formal or informal site name where samples were collected (Source: Producer Defined) List of site names
    Date Collected
    Date [MM/DD/YYY] (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:8/21/2018
    Maximum:4/24/2019
    Sample ID
    Unique cruise sample ID based on cruise ID (for example, RB1903 or AT41), submersible (J2=JASON II, A=Alvin), dive number (for example, 1133, 4967), sample storage location (for example, B5=biobox 5, RB=rear biobox), and sample number (for example, R1 with R=rock, 1=first rock collected). (Source: Producer Defined) Unique cruise sample ID
    Depth
    Meters below sea level (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:235
    Maximum:2169
    Units:Meters
    Lat
    Latitude of sample location (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:32.4948
    Maximum:35.9274
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Long
    Longitude of sample location (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-76.1897
    Maximum:-74.7924
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Split ID
    U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center (WHCMSC) subsample ID based on the field activity number (for example, 18042), unique cruise sample ID (for example, A4967-R2), analysis type (for example G=geochemistry) and sequential number of subsamples analyzed (Source: Producer Defined) Unique laboratory sub-sample ID
    Lab No.
    Unique sample identification assigned by USGS analytical chemistry laboratory information management system (LIMS) (Source: Producer Defined) Unique sample identification assigned by analytical laboratory
    Al_pct_ICPOES
    Aluminum, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.16
    Maximum:2.51
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Ca_pct_ICPOES
    Calcium, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:18.6
    Maximum:31.1
    Units:Weight Percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Fe_pct_ICPOES
    Iron, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.52
    Maximum:1.22
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    K_pct_ICPOES
    Potassium, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.46
    Maximum:0.91
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Mg_pct_ICPOES
    Magnesium, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.28
    Maximum:0.93
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    P_pct_ICPOES
    Phosphorus, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.03
    Maximum:0.05
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    S_pct_ICPOES
    Sulfur, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.1
    Maximum:0.3
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.1
    Si_pct_ICPOES
    Silicon, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:4.21
    Maximum:18.9
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Ti_pct_ICPOES
    Titanium, in weight percent, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.07
    Maximum:0.22
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Ag_ppm_ICPMS
    Silver, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<1
    Maximum:2
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:1
    As_ppm_ICPMS
    Arsenic, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:8
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    B_ppm_ICPMS
    Boron, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:25
    Maximum:39
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:10
    Ba_ppm_ICPOES
    Barium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:79.7
    Maximum:213.0
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    Be_ppm_ICPOES
    Beryllium, in parts per million by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:<5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Bi_ppm_ICPMS
    Bismuth, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.2
    Maximum:0.1
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Cd_ppm_ICPMS
    Cadmium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.2
    Maximum:0.2
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.2
    Ce_ppm_ICPMS
    Cerium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:14.2
    Maximum:30.1
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Co_ppm_ICPMS
    Cobalt, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.0
    Maximum:6.0
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    Cr_ppm_ICPOES
    Chromium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:13
    Maximum:30
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:10
    Cs_ppm_ICPMS
    Cesium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.4
    Maximum:1.3
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Cu_ppm_ICPOES
    Copper, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:12
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Dy_ppm_ICPMS
    Dysprosium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.95
    Maximum:2.48
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Er_ppm_ICPMS
    Erbium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.51
    Maximum:1.47
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Eu_ppm_ICPMS
    Europium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.27
    Maximum:0.57
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Ga_ppm_ICPMS
    Gallium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.81
    Maximum:6.31
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.01
    Gd_ppm_ICPMS
    Gadolinium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.18
    Maximum:2.73
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Ge_ppm_ICPMS
    Germanium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<1
    Maximum:1
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:1
    Hf_ppm_ICPMS
    Hafnium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:9
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:1
    Ho_ppm_ICPMS
    Holmium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.17
    Maximum:0.5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    In_ppm_ICPMS
    Indium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.2
    Maximum:<0.2
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.2
    La_ppm_ICPMS
    Lanthanum, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.2
    Maximum:14.7
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Li_ppm_ICPOES
    Lithium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<10
    Maximum:12
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:10
    Lu_ppm_ICPMS
    Lutetium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.07
    Maximum:0.23
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Mn_ppm_ICPOES
    Manganese, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<10
    Maximum:131
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:10
    Mo_ppm_ICPMS
    Molybdenum, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<2
    Maximum:2
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:2
    Nb_ppm_ICPMS
    Niobium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.5
    Maximum:5.7
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Nd_ppm_ICPMS
    Neodymium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:6.8
    Maximum:14.5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Ni_ppm_ICPOES
    Nickel, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5
    Maximum:16
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Pb_ppm_ICPMS
    Lead, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:11
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Pr_ppm_ICPMS
    Praseodymium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.75
    Maximum:3.75
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Rb_ppm_ICPMS
    Rubidium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:16.9
    Maximum:34.5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.2
    Sb_ppm_ICPMS
    Antimony, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.1
    Maximum:0.1
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Sc_ppm_ICPOES
    Scandium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:<5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Se_ppm_ICPMS
    Selenium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:<5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Sm_ppm_ICPMS
    Samarium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.3
    Maximum:2.9
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Sn_ppm_ICPMS
    Tin, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<1
    Maximum:2
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:1
    Sr_ppm_ICPOES
    Strontium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3590
    Maximum:7490
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:1
    Ta_ppm_ICPMS
    Tantalum, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.5
    Maximum:<0.5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    Tb_ppm_ICPMS
    Terbium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.16
    Maximum:0.41
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    Te_ppm_ICPMS
    Tellurium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.5
    Maximum:<0.5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    Th_ppm_ICPMS
    Thorium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.0
    Maximum:3.9
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Tl_ppm_ICPMS
    Thallium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.5
    Maximum:<0.5
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    Tm_ppm_ICPMS
    Thulium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.07
    Maximum:0.23
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    U_ppm_ICPMS
    Uranium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:3.42
    Maximum:8.92
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.05
    V_ppm_ICPOES
    Vanadium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:16
    Maximum:36
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    W_ppm_ICPMS
    Tungsten, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<1
    Maximum:<1
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:1
    Y_ppm_ICPMS
    Yttrium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:4.5
    Maximum:14.0
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    Yb_ppm_ICPMS
    Ytterbium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.5
    Maximum:1.6
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.1
    Zn_ppm_ICPOES
    Zinc, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<5
    Maximum:11
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:5
    Zr_ppm_ICPMS
    Zirconium, in parts per million, by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:41.5
    Maximum:331.0
    Units:Parts per million
    Resolution:0.5
    DeepSearch_AC_WDXRFmajors.csv
    Comma Separated Value (CSV) file containing WDXRF analysis data. Measurement resolution reflects the lower limit of detection. (Source: Producer Defined)
    Cruise ID
    Identification number of DEEPSEARCH cruise on which samples were collected. (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    AT41AT41=R/V Atlantis [AT] and sequential cruise number. The corresponding USGS Field Activity Number (FAN) for this sample collection is 2018-042-FA.
    RB1903NOAA Ship Ron Brown [RB] and [20XX year, month]. The corresponding USGS Field Activity Numbers (FANs) for this sample collection are 2019-003-FA and 2019-620-FA.
    Vessel
    Name of ship on which samples were collected (Source: Producer Defined)
    ValueDefinition
    R/V AtlantisThe R/V Atlantis is a research vessel owned and operated by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    NOAA Ship Ronald H. BrownThe NOAA Ship Ronald H. Brown is a research vessel owned and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
    Site
    Formal or informal site name where samples were collected (Source: Producer Defined) Text field
    Date Collected
    Date [MM/DD/YYYY] (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:8/21/2018
    Maximum:4/24/2019
    Sample ID
    Unique cruise sample ID based on cruise ID (for example RB1903 or AT41), submersible (J2=JASON II, A=Alvin), dive number (for example, 1133, 4967), sample storage location (for example B5=biobox 5, RB=rear biobox), and sample number (for example, R1 with R=rock). (Source: Producer Defined) Unique cruise sample ID
    Depth
    Meters below sea level (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:235
    Maximum:2169
    Units:Meters
    Lat
    Latitude of sample location (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:32.4948
    Maximum:35.9274
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Long
    Longitude of sample location (Source: Producer Defined)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-76.1897
    Maximum:-74.7924
    Units:Decimal degrees
    Lab No.
    Unique sample identification assigned by USGS MRP analytical chemistry laboratory information management system (LIMS) (Source: Producer Defined) Text field
    Split ID
    WHCMSC subsample ID based on the field activity number (for example, 18042), unique cruise sample ID (for example A4967-R2), analysis type (for example, G=geochemistry or X=XRD) and sequential number of subsamples analyzed (Source: Producer Defined) Unique identification number
    Al2O3 %
    Aluminum, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.2
    Maximum:4.69
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    BaO %
    Barium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.01
    Maximum:0.03
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    CaO %
    Calcium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:26.8
    Maximum:46.5
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Cr2O3 %
    Chromium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:0
    Fe2O3 %
    Total Iron, reported in ferric oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.78
    Maximum:1.85
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    K2O %
    Potassium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.49
    Maximum:1.08
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    LOI %
    Loss on Iginition (LOI), in weight percent, by gravimetric methods. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:22.9
    Maximum:38.9
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    MgO %
    Magnesium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.47
    Maximum:1.59
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    MnO %
    Manganese, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.01
    Maximum:0.03
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Na2O %
    Sodium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.62
    Maximum:1.1
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    P2O5 %
    Phosphorus, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.06
    Maximum:0.12
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    SiO2 %
    Silicon, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:9.31
    Maximum:42.2
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    SrO %
    Strontium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.47
    Maximum:0.91
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    TiO2 %
    Titanium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.12
    Maximum:0.37
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    V2O5 %
    Vanadium, reported in oxide form, in weight percent, by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. A “less than” value indicates that the presence of the analyte was below the measurable amount for the instrumentation (Source: USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:<0.01
    Maximum:<0.01
    Units:Weight percent
    Resolution:0.01
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The first line of the comma-delimited text file is a header line.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: U.S. Geological Survey

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Jason D. Chaytor
    • Nancy G. Prouty
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Jason D Chaytor (USGS WHCMSC)
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

These samples were collected as part of the Deep Sea Exploration to Advance Research on Coral/Canyon/Cold seep Habitats (DEEP SEARCH) study, a multiyear, multi-agency campaign to characterize the deep-sea ecosystems to better understand the distribution of sensitive seafloor communities to inform potential offshore energy development and other deep-sea management.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    XRD (source 1 of 3)
    Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, Sediments Laboratory, 20211001, X-Ray Diffractormetry Mineralogy.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy
    Source_Contribution:
    Quantitative mineralogy determined using a Rigaku Miniflex 600 benchtop x-ray diffractometer
    WDXRF (source 2 of 3)
    USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry Project, 2021, Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluoroescence Major Elements.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: carbonate lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    Major elements as oxides by WDXRF via USGS contracted laboratory (AGAT Labs)
    ICPOES-MS (source 3 of 3)
    USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry Project, 2021, Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectroscopy/Mass Spectroscopy (ICPOES-MS) major and minor element analysis.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: Digital and/or Hardcopy
    Source_Contribution:
    Major and trace elements by ICP-OES and ICP-MS via USGS contracted laboratory (AGAT Labs)
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 2019 (process 1 of 3)
    Authigenic carbonate samples were collected during HOV and ROV dives. Samples were rinsed with freshwater, allowed to dry, photographed, and stored at room temperature. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jason Chaytor
    U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region
    Research Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    US

    508-457-2351 (voice)
    jchaytor@usgs.gov
    Date: 2019 (process 2 of 3)
    Authigenic carbonate samples were cut using a diamond saw to expose fresh surfaces. Subsamples were isolated using trim saws, diamond drills and hand scribes. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jason Chaytor
    U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region
    Research Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    US

    508-457-2351 (voice)
    jchaytor@usgs.gov
    Date: 2021 (process 3 of 3)
    Unprocessed subsamples were submitted to the USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry project where they were prepared according to standard operating procedures and then analyzed by: 1. major and trace elements by ICP-OES or ICP-MS following a sodium peroxide sinter fusion; 2.essential water (loss on ignition) by gravimetric methods; 3. major element oxides by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence. Results undergo two levels of data validation: (1) the contract laboratory conducts quality control with every batch of samples sent to measure accuracy and precision and (2) all sample batches sent to the laboratory contain USGS in-house reference materials submitted at a rate of 10 percent, the results returned for the reference materials are compared to expected values for each element. Values must fall within the range of acceptance and relative standard deviation (RSD) at five times the lower limits of detection for the analytical methods. The acceptable accuracy and precision (RSD) is +/- 15 percent and 15 percent respectively for the major and trace elements by ICP-OES and ICP-MS. The acceptable accuracy and precision (RSD) is +/- 5 percent and 5 percent, respectively, for the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence method. Quantitative mineralogy via XRD analysis was performed using a Rigaku Miniflex 600 benchtop x-ray diffractometer utilizing a copper anode tube to generate x-rays operated at 40 kV and 15 mA. Data processing and analysis were performed using the Rigaku PDXL2 software and the Crystallography Open Database, NIST Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, and the International Centre for Diffraction Data PDF-4/Minerals database to search and match diffraction patterns, identify component mineral phases and perform whole-powder pattern fitting of high-probability candidate phases and Rietveld structure refinement. Person who carried out this activity:
    Jason Chaytor
    U.S. Geological Survey, Northeast Region
    Research Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA
    US

    508-457-2351 (voice)
    jchaytor@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    The WDXRF and ICPOES-MS geochemical data have been reviewed by the USGS MRP Analytical Chemistry Quality Assurance Specialist for accuracy and precision compared to reference materials with known concentrations. XRD instrument performance is confirmed via a silicon standard and other reference materials.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Positioning data for HOV Alvin (AT41) and ROV Jason II (RB1903) are derived from the fusion of several different sensors installed on the underwater vehicles (doppler velocity logs, gyrocompasses and inertial navigation systems) and the surface vessels (ultra-short baseline acoustic transponders and differential/augmented GPS receivers). Based on the stated accuracy of each of the sensors on the ships and vehicles, horizontal location accuracy is expected to be better than 10 m.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    Depth resolution based on pressure sensors installed on the underwater vehicles is 0.1 meters.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset represents analysis of a set of subsamples from larger primary samples recovered during the field activities. Primary samples were selected for collection at a limited number of sites during dives and represent only a small portion of the exposed authigenic carbonate material.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data fall within expected ranges and have been checked for duplications and omissions.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? This dataset consists of three comma-delineated files of data (DeepSearch_AC_ICPMS-OES.csv, DeepSearch_AC_WDXRFmajors.csv, DeepSearch_AC_XRDmineralogy.csv) accompanied by one FGDC metadata file (DeepSearch_AC_geochem_xml).
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data can be viewed with any text editor software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 11-Aug-2022
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P9DRU8TP/DeepSearch_AC_geochem.faq.html>
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