Water-column environmental variables and accompanying discrete CTD measurements collected off California and Oregon during NOAA Ship Lasker R-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA) from October to November 2019 (ver. 2.0, July 2022)

Metadata also available as - [Outline] - [Parseable text] - [XML]

Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Water-column environmental variables and accompanying discrete CTD measurements collected off California and Oregon during NOAA Ship Lasker R-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA) from October to November 2019 (ver. 2.0, July 2022)
Abstract:
Various water column variables, including salinity, dissolved inorganic nutrients, pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, radio-carbon isotopes were measured in samples collected using a Niskin-bottle rosette at selected depths from sites offshore of California and Oregon from October to November 2019 during NOAA Ship Lasker R-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA). CTD (Conductivity Temperature Depth) data were also collected at each depth that a Niskin-bottle sample was collected and are presented along with the water sample data. This data release supersedes version 1.0, published in August 2020 at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZS1JX8. Versioning details are documented in the accompanying VersionHistory_P9JKYWQU.txt file.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activities from which these data were derived is available online at:
http://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-672-FA
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Prouty, Nancy G., and Baker, Miranda C., 2020, Water-column environmental variables and accompanying discrete CTD measurements collected off California and Oregon during NOAA Ship Lasker R-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA) from October to November 2019 (ver. 2.0, July 2022): data release DOI:10.5066/P9JKYWQU, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California.

    Online Links:

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Prouty, Nancy G., and Baker, Miranda C., 2020, CTD profiles and discrete water-column measurements collected off California and Oregon during NOAA Ship Lasker R-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA) from October to November 2019 (ver. 2.0, July 2022): data release DOI:10.5066/P9JKYWQU, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -125.0444
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -118.4672
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.6056
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.1868
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 09-Oct-2019
    Ending_Date: 05-Nov-2019
    Currentness_Reference:
    Ground condition at time data were collected.
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: comma-delimited text
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (131)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D_WGS_1984.
      The ellipsoid used is D_WGS_1984.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257224.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    A tab-delimited text file with the first line being a header line.
    Output from CO2SYS program and geochemistry lab analyses combined with CTD data from water sample collection (Source: Producer defined.)
    Cruise
    Name of Cruise on which samples and measurements were collected (Source: Producer defined)
    ValueDefinition
    RL-19-05Abbreviation indicating Reuben Lasker R/V, year and mission number.
    CTD station
    numbered station where CTD measurements were collected (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:29
    Units:days
    Site Name
    Site Name where samples were collected (Source: Producer defined.) List of Site names
    Date
    Date [YYYYMMDD] (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:20191009
    Maximum:20191119
    Time
    Time (UTC) [HH:MM:SS] (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:00:00:00
    Maximum:23:59:59
    Units:HH:MM:SS
    Resolution:1
    TimeJ
    Time in Julian Days (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:282.839468
    Maximum:309.978852
    Units:Julian Days
    Resolution:0.000001
    Temperature
    Temperature in degrees Celsius (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.2962
    Maximum:18.842
    Units:degrees Celsius
    Resolution:0.0001
    Conductivity
    Conductivity (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:31450
    Maximum:45053
    Units:microsiemens per centimeter
    Resolution:100
    Pressure
    Pressure (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5.036
    Maximum:1718.851
    Units:decibels
    Resolution:0.001
    Sbeox0
    Oxygen in milligrams per liter (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.2732
    Maximum:9.5365
    Units:milligrams per liter
    Resolution:0.0001
    Sbeox0PS
    Oxygen in percentage saturation (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2.649
    Maximum:108.895
    Units:percentage saturation
    Resolution:0.001
    Turbidity
    Turbidity, (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0273
    Maximum:0.4182
    Units:Nephelometric Turbidity Units
    Resolution:0.0001
    Fluorescence
    Fluorescence (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.0048
    Maximum:8.1719
    Units:miligrams per cubic meter
    Resolution:0.0001
    AltM
    meters above seafloor (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:6
    Maximum:100.94
    Units:meters
    Resolution:0.01
    Salinity
    Salinity (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:31.9883
    Maximum:34.589
    Units:practical salinity units (PSU)
    Resolution:0.001
    DepSM
    Depth saltwater from the surface (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:5
    Maximum:1699
    Units:meters
    Resolution:0.001
    Latitude
    Latitude of sample location (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:33.186833
    Maximum:46.60555556
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.0001
    Longitude
    Longitude of sample location (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:-125.0444444
    Maximum:-118.467167
    Units:decimal degrees
    Resolution:0.0001
    Niskin Bottle
    Niskin Bottle Number (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1
    Maximum:24
    Units:bottle number
    Phosphate
    Dissolved inorganic phosphate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.01
    Maximum:3.22
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Silicate
    Dissolved inorganic silicate concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1.05
    Maximum:154.30
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Nitrate and Nitrite
    Dissolved inorganic nitrate and nitrite concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.03
    Maximum:45.28
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Ammonium
    Dissolved inorganic ammonium concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.02
    Maximum:2.14
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.01
    Total Alkalinity
    Total alkalinity concentration. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:2138.34730
    Maximum:2436.73218
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.00001
    Total Alkalinity (STD)
    Standard deviation of Total Alkalinity measurement. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.03887
    Maximum:15.29636
    Units:micromole per liter of seawater
    Resolution:0.00001
    pH
    The negative of the base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration, measured in units of moles per liter, of hydrogen ions. Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured (Source: Producer defined.)
    Range of values
    Minimum:7.343847
    Maximum:7.975843
    Units:unitless
    Resolution:0.000001
    Dissolved Inorganic Carbon
    The sum of inorganic carbon species in a solution (carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, bicarbonate anion, and carbonate. (Source: standard reporting value in inorganic chemistry)
    Range of values
    Minimum:1762.66125
    Maximum:2386.26242
    Units:micromole per kilogram
    Resolution:0.00001
    Calcite Saturation State
    ratio of [CO32-] and [Ca2+] divided by the calcite solubility product (Ksp) assuming the concentration of calcium, [Ca2+] is proportional to the salinity, and the carbonate concentration, [CO32-] was calculated from total alkalinity, pH, and the values of K1 and K2 for carbonic acid from Millero and others (1998) and Dickson and others (1990). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Calculated with measured salinity, temperature, nutrients, total alkalinity, and pH data using an Excel Workbook Macro translation of the original CO2SYS program (Lewis and Wallace, 1998).)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.55
    Maximum:3.53
    Units:unitless
    Resolution:0.01
    Aragonite Saturation State
    ratio of [CO32-] and [Ca2+] divided by the aragonite solubility product (Ksp) assuming the concentration of calcium, [Ca2+] is proportional to the salinity, and the carbonate concentration, [CO32-] was calculated from total alkalinity, pH, and the values of K1 and K2 for carbonic acid from Millero and others (1998) and Dickson and others (1990). Values of -9999 indicate the parameter was not measured. (Source: Calculated with measured salinity, temperature, nutrients, total alkalinity, and pH data using an Excel Workbook Macro translation of the original CO2SYS program (Lewis and Wallace, 1998).)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0.35
    Maximum:2.28
    Units:unitless
    Resolution:0.01

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Nancy G. Prouty
    • Miranda C. Baker
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Sarah Merolla, Carina Fish, Chelsey Souza (U.C. Davis), Nissa Kreidler (Humboldt State)
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
    2885 Mission Street
    Santa Cruz, CA

    831-427-4747 (voice)
    pcmsc_data@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

These data were collected as part of the on-going Expanding Pacific Research and Exploration of Submerged Systems (EXPRESS) project, a multi-year, multi-institution cooperative research campaign in deep sea areas of California, Oregon, and Washington, including the continental shelf and slope. EXPRESS data and information are intended to guide wise use of living marine resources and habitats, inform ocean energy and mineral resource decisions, and improve offshore hazard assessments. The ultimate goal of EXPRESS is to develop comprehensive digital elevation models, habitat maps, and geologic maps, which are needed to address important issues associated with marine spatial planning, ecosystem assessments, geohazards, and the impact on sensitive ecosystems of offshore infrastructure development. This particular NOAA cruise focused on deep-sea corals, sponges, and associated habitats.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
    nutrients (source 1 of 3)
    University of California at Santa Barbara, Marine Science Institute, 2020, Seawater nutrient analyses.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: seawater lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    Flow injection analysis for dissolved nutrient (nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, and silicate) concentrations.
    pH and total alkalinity (source 2 of 3)
    University of California at Davis, Bodega Marine Lab, 2020, Seawater carbonate chemistry analysis.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: seawater lab samples
    Source_Contribution:
    pH was determined Spectrophotometrically; Total alkalinity was determined by means of automated Gran titration on a Metrohm 809 Titrando (Dickson et al. 2007).
    CTD data (source 3 of 3)
    U.S. Geological Survey, 2020, CTD profile measurements collected off California and Oregon during NOAA cruise RL-19-05 (USGS field activity 2019-672-FA) from October to November 2019.

    Online Links:

    Type_of_Source_Media: CTD measurements
    Source_Contribution:
    CTD measurements at particular depths were appended to the Niskin bottle water sample data
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 05-Nov-2019 (process 1 of 4)
    Water samples were collected using a Niskin bottle rosette apparatus different depths throughout the water column. Simultaneous conductivity, salinity, and depth (CTD) data were collected with a SeaBird SBE-9 CTD profiler at each Niskin bottle sample depth.
    Date: 18-Jun-2020 (process 2 of 4)
    Seawater samples were analyzed by several different labs (see Sources) for different variables. Data from all seawater lab analyses were combined into a single document. Calcite and aragonite saturation states were calculated using an Excel Workbook Macro translation of the original CO2SYS program (Lewis and Wallace, 1998; Pierrot et al., 2006). -9999 cell value indicates no data (for example, where water was not sampled, or a water sample was not analyzed for a particular variable). Data sources used in this process:
    • nutrients
    • pH and total alkalinity
    • dissolved inorganic radiocarbon
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • lab data
    Date: 18-Jun-2020 (process 3 of 4)
    CTD data and water column variables were combined based on depths into a single document (RL_19_05_BTL_CTD_data v2.0.csv). Data sources used in this process:
    • lab data
    • CTD data
    Date: 15-Jun-2022 (process 4 of 4)
    This data release supersedes version 1.0, published in August 2020 at https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZS1JX8. Versioning details are documented in the accompanying VersionHistory_P9JKYWQU.txt file. An attribute column header in the water-column environmental variable data file (SH-19-05_BTL_CTD_data.csv) was revised to accurately report ammonium not ammonia. No data values were changed, nor were any changes made in the CTD data (SH-19-05_raw_CTD.zip). Metadata files for both data files were revised to reflect the new doi number, URLs, download links, and PIDs. Version 1 of the data release is still available online at the original doi link for reference purposes only.
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Lewis, E., and Wallace, W.R., 1998, Program developed for CO2 system calculation.

    Online Links:

    Stuiver, M., and Polach, H.A., 1977, Discussion reporting of 14C data.

    Online Links:

    Dickson, A.G., 1990, Thermodynamics of the dissociation of boric acid in synthetic seawater from 273.15 to 318.15 K.

    Online Links:

    Dickson, A.G., Sabine, C.L., and Christian, J.R., 2007, A guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements.

    Online Links:

    Millero, F.J., Lee, K., and Roche, M., 1998, Distribution of alkalinity in the surface waters of the major oceans.

    Online Links:

    Pierrot, D., Lewis, E., and Wallace, D.W.R., 2006, MS Excel program developed for CO2 system calculations.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    All geochemistry data were calibrated against known standards
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    A formal accuracy assessment of the horizontal positional information in the data set has not been conducted. The horizontal accuracy is based on ship’s position using the navigations system; MX420 DGPS (Differential GPSP) with an accuracy of 1 m.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the data set has not been conducted. Depth was determined using a SeaBird CTD digiquartz pressure sensor with a stated accuracy of 0.015%.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details. Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the metadata for each part of this data release carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    No formal logical accuracy tests were conducted.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as the originators of the dataset and in products derived from these data.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
    Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
    Denver, CO

    1-888-275-8747 (voice)
    sciencebase@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? These data are available in a csv file (SH_18_12_CTD_BTLDATA v2.0.csv) which contains seawater carbonate analysis and CTD data for all collected water samples.
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. What hardware or software do I need in order to use the data set?
    These data can be viewed with any text editor software.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Jul-2022
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
2885 Mission Street
Santa Cruz, CA

831-427-4747 (voice)
pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/pcmsc/DataReleases/ScienceBase/DR_P9JKYWQU/RL-19-05_BTL_CTD_metadata_v2.0.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Thu Jul 14 17:14:01 2022