Aerial imagery from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, 2019-06-05

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Metadata:

Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Joshua B. Logan
Originator: Eric E. Grossman
Originator: Nathan R. VanArendonk
Publication_Date: 20210915
Title:
Aerial imagery from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, 2019-06-05
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: JPEG
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9TO24SR
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place:
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, California
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TO24SR
Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Joshua B. Logan
Originator: Eric E. Grossman
Originator: Nathan R. VanArendonk
Publication_Date: 2021
Title:
Aerial imagery and structure-from-motion data products from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, June 2019
Series_Information:
Series_Name: data release
Issue_Identification: DOI:10.5066/P9TO24SR
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TO24SR
Online_Linkage:
Description:
Abstract:
This portion of the data release presents the raw aerial imagery collected during the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, on 2019-06-05. The imagery was acquired using a Department of Interior-owned 3DR Solo quadcopter fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The camera was mounted using a fixed mount on the bottom of the UAS and oriented in an approximately nadir orientation. For flights F01, F02, F03, F04, and F05 the UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 1.8 centimeters per pixel. The flight lines were oriented roughly shore-parallel and were spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines. For flight F05, the UAS was flown manually to acquire imagery over areas not mapped in the previous flights. Before each flight, the camera’s digital ISO, aperture, and shutter speed were adjusted for ambient light conditions. For all flights the camera was triggered at 1 Hz using a built-in intervalometer. After acquisition, the images were renamed to include flight number and acquisition time in the file name. The coordinates of the approximate image acquisition location were added ('geotagged') to the image metadata (EXIF) using the telemetry log from the UAS onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS. The image EXIF were also updated to include additional information related to the acquisition. Although the images were recorded in both JPG and camera raw (Adobe DNG) formats, only the JPG images are provided in this data release. The data release includes a total of 1,906 JPG images. Images from takeoff and landing sequences were not used for processing and have been omitted from the data release. The images from each flight are provided in a zip file named with the flight number.
Purpose:
These data were collected to characterize the morphology, substrate composition and roughness of intertidal areas to support modeling of coastal storm and wave impacts with sea-level rise as part of the USGS Puget Sound Coastal Storm Modeling System (PS-CoSMoS). The data are also intended to be used to model and evaluate sediment transport and its effects on coastal habitats, a focus of the USGS Coastal Habitats in Puget Sound Project (CHIPS) and its partners to inform resource management and adaptive planning for our Nation's coasts.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at:
https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2019-623-FA
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Single_Date/Time:
Calendar_Date: 20190605
Currentness_Reference: ground condition at time data were collected
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.5570
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -122.5518
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.4115
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 48.4037
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
Theme_Keyword: elevation
Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Data Categories for Marine Planning
Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry and Elevation
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Thesaurus
Theme_Keyword: topography
Theme_Keyword: topographic maps
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: geomorphology
Theme_Keyword: aerial photography
Theme_Keyword: image mosaics
Theme_Keyword: geospatial datasets
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: Marine Realms Information Bank (MRIB) keywords
Theme_Keyword: photography
Theme_Keyword: remote sensing
Theme_Keyword: aerial and satellite photography
Theme_Keyword: altimetry
Theme_Keyword: orthophotography
Theme_Keyword: coastal processes
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: U.S. Geological Survey
Theme_Keyword: USGS
Theme_Keyword: Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program
Theme_Keyword: CHMRP
Theme_Keyword: Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Theme_Keyword: PCMSC
Theme_Keyword: UAS
Theme_Keyword: Unmanned aerial system
Theme_Keyword: Structure-from-motion
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: USGS Metadata Identifier
Theme_Keyword: USGS:5ef53d5282ced62aaae6a0a7
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: Geographic Names Information System (GNIS)
Place_Keyword: State of Washington
Place_Keyword: Swinomish Reservation
Place_Keyword: Lone Tree Point
Place_Keyword: Skagit County
Place_Keyword: Salish Sea
Place_Keyword: Kiket Bay
Place_Keyword: Skagit Bay
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
USGS-authored or produced data and information are in the public domain from the U.S. Government and are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize and acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator(s) of the dataset and in products derived from these data. This information is not intended for navigation purposes.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Example aerial images from 2019-06-05 UAS survey.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The Ricoh GR II cameras used to acquire these images produce a nominal image size of 16.2 megapixels in both JPG and camera raw (Adobe DNG) image formats. The image acquisition time stamp is recorded to the image metadata (EXIF) with a precision of 1 second. The UAS onboard GPS is a single-frequency autonomous receiver which records positions to the telemetry log at 1 second intervals, with an approximate accuracy of 3 meters horizontally and 10 meters vertically. The geotagging operation uses the image time stamp to derive the image acquisition location by finding the nearest location recorded at the time of acquisition. To reduce the potential for timing errors during the geotagging process, the image time stamps were adjusted to true ('corrected') UTC time by comparing the image time stamps with several images taken of a smartphone app ('Emerald Time') showing accurate time from Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. For this survey, + 00:00:01 (1 second) was added to the image time to synchronize with corrected UTC time. The adjusted time stamp was only used for geotagging; the original image time stamp was retained in the image EXIF and file name. The positions stored in the EXIF are in the WGS84 (G1150) coordinate reference system (EPSG:7660), with elevation in meters relative to the WGS84 ellipsoid.
Logical_Consistency_Report:
Photographs were renamed using a custom python script to include flight number, image acquisition date and time in Universal Coordinated Time (UTC), camera ID, and original image ID number. The image EXIF were also updated to include additional information related to the acquisition. Some photographs may be auto-rotated by certain viewing software, but the original image orientation is the same for all images.
Completeness_Report:
Five flights (F01, F02, F03, F04, F05) were conducted during the survey. The imagery from each flight was stored separately, and the flights were renamed for organizational purposes. The camera shutter was triggered at 1 Hz by a built-in intervalometer which was started before takeoff and stopped after landing. During flights F03 and F04, the camera battery discharged during the flight, shutting the camera down. These flights have only partial acquisition. To ensure complete spatial coverage, some portions of these flights were reflown in subsequent flights resulting in duplicate images from approximately the same positions. Images from the takeoff and landing sequences were not used in data processing and are not included in this data release.
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The horizontal positions stored in the EXIF image metadata were derived with a 'geotagging' process using the image time stamps and the uncorrected positions recorded in the telemetry log of the UAS from the onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS (mRobotics GPS u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade). To reduce the potential for timing errors during the geotagging process, the image time stamps were adjusted to true ('corrected') UTC time by comparing the image time stamps with several images taken of a smartphone app ('Emerald Time') showing accurate time from Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. The horizontal positions are estimated to be accurate to approximately 3 meters. However, it should be noted that for some images the error may exceed this estimate due to GPS errors or timing errors associated with the geotagging process.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
The vertical positions stored in the EXIF image metadata were derived with a 'geotagging' process using the image time stamps and the uncorrected positions recorded in the telemetry log of the UAS from the onboard single-frequency autonomous GPS (mRobotics GPS u-Blox Neo-M8N / 3DR SOLO Upgrade). To reduce the potential for timing errors during the geotagging process, the image time stamps were adjusted to true ('corrected') UTC time by comparing the image time stamps with several images taken of a smartphone app ('Emerald Time') showing accurate time from Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. The horizontal positions are estimated to be accurate to approximately 10 meters. However, it should be noted that for some images the error may exceed this estimate due to GPS errors or timing errors associated with the geotagging process.
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Aerial imagery was collected using a Department of Interior-owned 3DR Solo quadcopter fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The camera was mounted using a fixed mount on the bottom of the UAS and oriented in an approximately nadir orientation. For flights F01, F02, F03, and F04, the UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 1.8 centimeters per pixel. The flight lines were oriented roughly shore-parallel and were spaced to provide approximately 70 percent overlap between images from adjacent lines. For flight F05, the UAS was flown manually to acquire imagery over areas not mapped in the previous flights. The camera was triggered at 1 Hz using a built-in intervalometer and were programmed to simultaneously acquire imagery in both JPG and camera raw (Adobe DNG) formats. Before each flight, the camera’s digital ISO, aperture and shutter speed were manually set to adjust for ambient light conditions. Although these settings were changed between flights, they were not permitted to change during a flight; thus, the images from each flight were acquired with consistent camera settings.
Process_Date: 20190605
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Joshua Logan
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Contact_Position: Physical Scientist
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7519
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 831-427-4748
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlogan@usgs.gov
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The image files were renamed using a custom python script. The file names were formed using the following pattern Fx-YYYYMMDDThhmmssZ_Ryz.*, where: - Fx = Flight number - YYYYMMDDThhmmssZ = date and time in the ISO 8601 standard, where 'T' separates the date from the time, and 'Z' denotes UTC ('Zulu') time. - Ry = RA or RB to distinguish camera 'RicohA' from 'RicohB' - z = original image name assigned by camera during acquisition - * = file extension (JPG or DNG)
The approximate image acquisition coordinates were added to the image metadata (EXIF) ('geotagged') using the image timestamp and the telemetry logs from the UAS onboard single-frequency 1-Hz autonomous GPS. The geotagging process was done using a custom Python script which processes the GPS data from the UAS telemetry log and calls the command-line 'exiftool' software. To improve timestamp accuracy, the image acquisition times were adjusted to true ('corrected') UTC time by comparing the image timestamps with several images taken of a smartphone app ('Emerald Time') showing accurate time from Network Time Protocol (NTP) servers. For this survey, + 00:00:01 (1 second) was added to the image timestamp to synchronize with corrected UTC time. The positions stored in the EXIF are in geographic coordinates referenced to the WGS84(G1150) coordinate reference system (EPSG:7660), with elevation in meters relative to the WGS84 ellipsoid.
Additional information was added to the EXIF using the command-line 'exiftool' software with the following command: exiftool ^ -P ^ -Copyright="Public Domain. Please credit U.S. Geological Survey." ^ -CopyrightNotice="Public Domain. Please credit U.S. Geological Survey." ^ -ImageDescription="Low-altitude aerial image of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, Washington, USA, from USGS survey 2019-623-FA." ^ -Caption-Abstract="Intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, Washington, USA, from USGS survey 2019-623-FA." ^ -Caption="Aerial image of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, Washington, USA, from USGS survey 2019-623-FA." ^ -sep ", " ^ -keywords="Marine Nearshore Intertidal, Lone Tree Point, Swinomish Reservation, Kiket Bay, Washington, 2019-623-FA, Unmanned Aircraft System, UAS, drone, aerial imagery, U.S. Geological Survey, USGS, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center" ^ -comment="Low-altitude aerial image from USGS Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) survey 2019-623-FA." ^ -Credit="U.S. Geological Survey" ^ -Contact="pcmsc_data@usgs.gov" ^ -Artist="U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center"
Process_Date: 2019
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Joshua Logan
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-460-7519
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: jlogan@usgs.gov
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 3264
Column_Count: 4352
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Geographic:
Latitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Longitude_Resolution: 0.000001
Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.0
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Altitude_System_Definition:
Altitude_Datum_Name: WGS84 Ellipsoid
Altitude_Resolution: 0.01
Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
There are no additional attributes besides the tags described in data quality section associated with these images.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: USGS Field Activity 2019-623-FA
Distribution_Information:
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey - ScienceBase
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: Denver Federal Center, Building 810, Mail Stop 302
City: Denver
State_or_Province: CO
Postal_Code: 80225
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1-888-275-8747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: sciencebase@usgs.gov
Resource_Description:
The aerial images from five flights conducted during the UAS survey are available in JPG format. The images from each flight are combined into a zip file with the flight number in the file name.
Distribution_Liability:
Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: JPEG
Format_Information_Content:
Zipped files contain geotagged aerial images acquired during a UAS survey by the U.S. Geological Survey.
File_Decompression_Technique: WinZip, 7zip, Peazip or pkUnzip
Transfer_Size: 1
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information: Access_Instructions:
Data can be downloaded using the Network_Resource_Name links. The first five links are direct links to the zip files with the images from each flight. Transfer sizes of the zip files range from 1.02 GB to 3.53 GB. The sixth link points to a landing page with all of the image zip files, metadata, and browse image. The last link points to the landing page for the entire data release, including links to pages of the various data files.
Fees: None.
Technical_Prerequisites:
The downloadable data files are available in zipped JPG file format. Image processing and viewing software can be used to open and view the files.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20210915
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center
Contact_Person: PCMSC Science Data Coordinator
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical
Address: 2885 Mission Street
City: Santa Cruz
State_or_Province: CA
Postal_Code: 95060
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 831-427-4747
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pcmsc_data@usgs.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998

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