Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, July 26–27, 2007

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, July 26–27, 2007
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm-response photography missions to document and understand the changes in the vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On July 26-27, 2007, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, aboard a U.S. Coast Guard HH60 Helicopter aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore. This mission was conducted to collect data for assessing incremental changes in the beach and nearshore area and can also be used as a baseline to assess future coastal change. The photographs provided are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the aircraft's position and do not indicate the location of the features in the images. These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. ExifTool (version 4.0) was used to add the following to the header of each photograph: time of collection, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. All image times are recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
Supplemental_Information:
For a summary of field activity 07CCH01 please see https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=07CCH01. Bounding coordinates for the oblique aerial survey are derived from the overall flight path found in the GPS data. Ancillary files included in this publication are: 07CCH01-LocationMaps.zip, 07CCH01-ProcessedNav.zip, 07CCH01-SupplementalFiles.zip, and 07CCH01-RawGPSNav.zip; in addition to the digital oblique aerial image zip files.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Morgan, Karen L.M., and Thornton, Lance, 20180420, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, July 26–27, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7FJ2G2M, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.228733
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.060877
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.711303
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 29.457167
  3. What does it look like?
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7FJ2G2M/data/07CCH01-LocationMaps.zip (07CCH01-Survey-Map.jpg) (JPEG)
    Map of survey area during USGS field activity 07CCH01.
    https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7FJ2G2M/data/07CCH01-LocationMaps.zip (JPEG)
    Maps showing the extent of each area and 5-minute segment can be found in the 07CCH01-LocationMaps.zip file. The maps in this survey are: 07CCH01-Map-Area01.jpg, Area 1 for Dauphin Island, Alabama; 07CCH01-Map-Area02.jpg, Area 2 from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Petit Bois Island, Mississippi; 07CCH01-Map-Area03.jpg, Area 3 from Petit Bois Island, Mississippi, to Breton Island, Louisiana, and the inset map for Dauphin Island (07CCH01-Map-Inset01_Dauphin.jpg). The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 26-Jul-2007
    Beginning_Time: 225310
    Ending_Date: 27-Jul-2007
    Ending_Time: 170019
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Raster and tabular digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Point data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • Point (2170)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0197878497. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0227728255. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal Degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is GRS 1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    07CCH01-Flightpath.csv, 07CCH01-Photolocation.csv
    The "*Flightpath.csv" file contains the processed GPS information collected during the flight, while the "*Photolocations.csv" file contains a latitude position, longitude position, time, and image name for each image. (Source: USGS)
    PHOTO_ID
    Photograph identification number, using the filename format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (Source: USGS) Oblique Images
    URL
    Path to low resolution version of the image. (Source: USGS) URL path defining the features.
    ZIPFILENAME
    Name of zip file containing the image. (Source: USGS) Zipfile name.
    LONGITUDE
    Longitude of photograph location, in decimal degrees (NAD83). (Source: USGS) Coordinates defining the features.
    LATITUDE
    Latitude of photograph location, in decimal degrees (NAD83). (Source: USGS) Coordinates defining the features.
    DATE_FLOWN
    Date images was captured, in yyyymmdd format. (Source: USGS) Date defining the features.
    TIME_UTC
    Time photograph was collected, in xxhxxmxxs format. Times were recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), where "xx" is the number and "h" is hours, "m" is minutes, and "s" is seconds at the time of capture. (Source: USGS) Time defining the features.
    GEO_AREA
    The geographic area of the mission. (Source: USGS) States partially covered in the oblique photographic mission.
    STATES
    The states included in the survey area of the mission. (Source: USGS) States or regions partially covered in the oblique photographic mission.
    SURVEY
    USGS mission tracking number; also known as a field activity number. (Source: USGS) Mission number utilized by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology program’s data catalog, Compass, to track survey details and associated data.
    PRE_POST
    Identifies the flight as being pre-storm or post-storm. Baseline or Post-Storm status. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    PreFlight was prior to a storm.
    PostFlight was after a storm.
    STORM
    If the flight was conducted due to a storm, the name of the storm is listed. Name of Storm (or Baseline). (Source: USGS) The storm name is listed, if the flight was conducted pre- or post-storm, otherwise "Baseline" is entered.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Navigation files: The flightline navigation file is 07CCH01-Flightpath.csv, the photo locations are in 07CCH01-Photolocations.csv, and are contained within the 07CCH01-ProcessedNav.zip file. The raw GPS is in 07CCH01-RawGPSNav.txt, which is contained within the 07CCH01-RawGPSNav.zip file. These zip files can be found in the data download table. The files (.csv and .txt) are comma-delimited CSV text files.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Graphic Image Files: The index map (07CCH01-Survey-Map.jpg) is a JPEG image. This map shows the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, July 26–27, 2007. It also shows three areas, which show to more detail and indicate how the full-size photographs are divided into each area. The area maps can be found in the 07CCH01-LocationMaps.zip file.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Navigation files: These files (*.csv) are comma-delimited.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Karen L.M. Morgan
    • Lance Thornton
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and support for this study were provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The authors wish to thank Lt. Patrick Bachan and Lt. Bryan Bailey (pilot), Lt. Matt Furlong and Lt. Dave Aldous (copilot), and AMT3 Steve Fruzan and AET Molleye Curry (flight mechanic) of the U.S. Coast Guard for their assistance with data collection. This report benefited from the comments and review of Justin J. Birchler with the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), St. Petersburg, FL.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digital photographs taken as part of the July 26-27, 2007, baseline oblique aerial survey collected along the coast from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana, and to provide access to attribute data that documents the time and location where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 26-Jul-2007 (process 1 of 8)
    Image Acquisition: Images were taken with a Nikon D1X digital camera and written to internal camera cards. Image size is approximately 6MP. Images in JPEG format were saved using the filename format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (where the "d" signifies digital acquisition using the D1X). The names provide information about the photograph's year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. For example, image 2007_0726_133636d.jpg was taken July 26, 2007, at 13:36:36 UTC. Best attempts were made to set the D1X's internal clock to within 1 second of UTC at the beginning of the flight. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 26-Jul-2007 (process 2 of 8)
    The video and still photography were shot out of the rear starboard window of the airplane. The video files are not included in this publication. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 16-Dec-2014 (process 3 of 8)
    Image Processing: Images were converted to JPEG format using Nikon Capture Camera Editor Ver 4.4.2. Images in JPEG format were saved using the filename format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (where the "d" signifies acquisition using the digital camera). The names provide information about the photograph's year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. For example, image 2007_0726_133636d.jpg was taken July 26, 2007, at 13:36:36 UTC. Best attempts were made to set the camera's internal clock to within 1 second of UTC at the beginning of the flight. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 16-Dec-2014 (process 4 of 8)
    Navigation processing: Using a custom Practical Extraction and Reporting Language (Perl) script written by Karen Morgan, USGS, GPS data and image files were used to generate CSV file containing a latitude, longitude, and time record for each image. The GPS positions for July 26 were extracted from the Fugawi files. However, no inflight GPS data was captured on July 27. The positions in this report for July 27 we extracted from the EXIF headers of the images using Photolink (ver. unknown). Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 30-Jan-2018 (process 5 of 8)
    Survey map creation: The survey maps provided in this archive were created with Environmental Systems Research Institute (Esri) ArcGIS 10.4 software and saved as Adobe Illustrator (*.ai) files. Survey maps were edited using Adobe Illustrator CC and exported in JPEG format. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 30-Jan-2018 (process 6 of 8)
    The imagery in this release was divided into manageable sized (< 317 MB) zip files for ease of download and review. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 16-Dec-2014 (process 7 of 8)
    EXIF headers: Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated from the command prompt using ExifTool (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool) ExifTool was executed from a directory containing all photographs to be edited and a CSV file with information for each of the photographs. The metadata values for photograph creation include time, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, GPS position (latitude and longitude), keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact were added to each photograph's EXIF header using a Perl script called met_add.pl. Person who carried out this activity:
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 8 of 8)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Best attempts were made to set the camera to UTC time on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. The clock of the Compix Titler unit was also set to UTC at the same time. Human error during transcription of geographic position and time from the video is possible; however, no obvious errors were observed. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately once per second. Note: Latitude and longitude positions in this data release refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    An attempt was made to keep the same relative distance between the aircraft and the beach in order to maintain a constant field of view.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data presented here include the digitally collected photographs in JPEG format with the Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) header embedded with the individual photograph's location along the flight path of the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographic survey of the coast, taken from Dauphin Island, Alabama, to Breton Island, Louisiana. This mission was flown on July 26-27, 2007, aboard a U.S. Coast Guard HH60 Helicopter aircraft, tail number HH6011. Crew members of the USGS in St. Petersburg, FL, included M. Dennis Krohn, Ann Marie Ascough, and Lance Thornton; and Lt. Patrick Bachan and Lt. Bryan Bailey (pilot), Lt. Matt Furlong and Lt. Dave Aldous (copilot), and AMT3 Steve Fruzan and AET Molleye Curry (flight mechanic) of the U.S. Coast Guard. The GPS receiver used to provide navigation to the video titler unit was a Garmin GPS 18 PC, WAAS Enabled, which is accurate to within 15 meters (m).Still photography was collected along the coast during this survey. GPS Data Collection—Instrument: Garmin GPS 18 PC, WAAS Enabled. Data Collection Interval: 1 Second. Data File Format: Native Fugawi and Text; Number of files created: 2. Computer/Software: Computer: Panasonic Toughbook CF-51. Software: Fugawi Marine ENC, Ver. 4 GPS Navigation Software. The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. Please recognize the U.S. Geological Survey as the originator of the dataset.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    Karen L.M. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set?
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data were processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: CSV: Comma-separated values files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. TXT: ASCII formatted metadata files. XML: Extensible Markup Language formatted metadata files. in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, XML
      Network links: https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/data-release/doi-F7FJ2G2M
    • Cost to order the data: None.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
Karen L.M. Morgan
USGS
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

727-502-8000 (voice)
kmorgan@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/07CCH01-Metadata.faq.html>
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