Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border, September 5-6, 2014

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border, September 5-6, 2014
Abstract:
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm response photography missions to document and understand the changes in vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On September 5-6, 2014, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border, aboard a Cessna 182 aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore (Figure 2). This mission was flown to collect data for assessing incremental changes since the last survey, flown October 1998, and can be used for assessing future coastal change. The photographs provided here are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the position of the aircraft and do not indicate the location of the feature in the images (see the Navigation Data page). These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. ExifTool was used to add the following to the header of each photo: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet. All image times are recorded in UTC. Table 1 provides detailed information about the assigned location, name, date, and time the photograph was taken along with links to the photograph. In addition to the photographs, a Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file is provided and can be used to view the images by clicking on the marker and then clicking on either the thumbnail or the link above the thumbnail. The KML files were created using the photographic navigation files. Note: A KML number was assigned to each photograph to aid navigation of the Google Earth file. These numbers correspond to the site labels in Google Earth.
Supplemental_Information:
For a summary of field activity 2014-327-FA please see http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/field-activity-schedule/activity_popup.php?id=2772.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Morgan, K., 2015, Baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border, September 5-6, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series Data Series 930, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, Fla..

    Online Links:

    Other_Citation_Details:
    Ancillary files included in this release are ds930_2014-327-FA.csv, ds930_2014-327-FA_0905_gpsmap696.txt, and ds930_2014-327-FA.kml, in addition to the digitized oblique aerial image files.
  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.4513010
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.0190130
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 31.0981900
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.9641310
  3. What does it look like?
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/index.jpg (JPG)
    Index map of all survey area collected during USGS field activity 2014-327-FA.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/html/images/fig2.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic for Acquisition Geometry (Figure 2) for USGS field activity 2014-327-FA. Graphic shows basic flight distance from the shore and elevation during the survey for the aircraft used.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/html/images/contents.jpg (JPG)
    Graphic used on Contents page of USGS field activity 2014-327-FA oblique aerial photographs data series. Graphic shows the directory structure of the publication.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/2014-327-FA_1.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 1 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Key Largo to Hillsboro Beach, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/2014-327-FA_2.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 2 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Hillsboro Beach to Fort Pierce, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/2014-327-FA_3.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 3 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Fort Pierce to the Canaveral National Seashore, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/2014-327-FA_4.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 4 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from The Canaveral National Seashore to St Augustine, Florida. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/2014-327-FA_5.jpg (JPG)
    Map showing the extent of Area 5 for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from St Augustine to the Florida/Georgia Border. The flight path, divided into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset04_stluice.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset04_stluice.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs at St. Luice Inlet, Stuart, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset05_fortpierce.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset05_fortpierce.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs at Fort Pirece Inlet, Fort Pierce, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset06_portcanaveral.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset06_portcanaveral.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs from Cape Canaveral to the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset07_kennedy.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset07_kennedy.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs showing the cape at the Kennedy Space Center, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset08_ponce.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset08_ponce.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs at Ponce Inlet, New Smyrna Beach, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset09_matanzas.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset09_matanzas.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs at Matanzas Inlet, St. Augustine, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset10_staugustine.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset10_staugustine.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs at St. Augustine Inlet, St. Augustine, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
    http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930/maps/inset11_stjohns.jpg (JPG)
    Inset map showing the extent of inset11_stjohns.jpg for the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs the St. Johns River Inlet, Jacksonville, Florida. The flight path, divided up into 5-minute segments, is represented by the alternating purple and yellow lines. Pages containing thumbnail images of photographs, referred to as contact sheets, were created based on these segments.
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 05-Sep-2014
    Ending_Date: 05-Sep-2014
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form:
    Multimedia presentation of JPEG images and point data in ASCII and CSV files
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      Indirect_Spatial_Reference: none
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is D North American 1983.
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Graphic Image Files: The index map is a JPEG image. The index map shows the baseline coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border, September 5-6, 2014 . The index map also shows eight region boxes, which link to more detailed maps and indicate how the full-size photographs are divided into area(s) The survey area maps are JPEG images. The survey maps contain links to the 5-minute segment contact sheet pages.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    Navigation file(s): The navigation files are ds930_2014-327-FA.csv and ds930_2014-327-FA_0905_gpsmap696.txt (located in the nav folder). The processed files (*.csv) and the raw navigation files (*.txt) are tab delimited ASCII text files.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    KML file(s): The KML files are ds930_2014-327-FA.kml and ds930_2014-327-FA_local.kml.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    Subino, J.A., Morgan, K.L.M., Krohn, M.D., Miller, G.K., Dadisman, S.V., Forde, A.S., 2012, Archive of post-Hurricane Charley coastal oblique aerial photographs collected during U.S. Geological Survey field activity 04CCH01 from Marco Island to Fort DeSoto, Florida, August 15, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 651, 2 DVDs, at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/651/.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • K. Morgan
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Funding and (or) support for this study was provided by the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (CMGP). The authors wish to thank pilot, George McPherson, for his assistance in data collection. This report benefited from the comments and reviews of (pending) and usgssp with the USGS St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) - St. Petersburg, Fla.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

To provide access to digital photographs taken as part of the September 5-6, 2014, baseline oblique aerial survey collected along the coast, from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border, and to provide access to attribute data that documents the time and location of where each photograph was taken.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 1 of 11)
    Photographs were taken using a Nikon D7100. Images were written to internal camera cards. Image size is approximately 24 megapixels. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 2 of 11)
    Navigation files (one per day) were extracted as comma-delimited American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) text files from from the Garmin GPSMAP 696. The GPS recorded latitude, longitude, date/time. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 3 of 11)
    Images were written to internal camera cards. Image size is approximately 24 megapixels. Images in JPG format were saved using the file name format yyyy_mmdd_hhmmssd.jpg (where the "d" signifies digital acquisition using the Nikon D7100). The names provide information about the photograph's year, month, day, hour, minute, and second. For example, image 2014_0905_133636d.jpg was taken September 5, 2014, at 13:36:36 UTC. Best effort is made to set the Nikon D7100's internal clock to within 1 second of UTC at the beginning of the flight. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 4 of 11)
    Navigation processing: Using a custom Perl script written by K. Morgan - USGS, GPS data and image files are used to generate CSV files containing latitude, longitude, and time record for each image. Each processed navigation file was saved as a comma separated value (CSV) file, ds930_2014-327-FA.csv, using Microsoft Excel 2011. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 5 of 11)
    The digital images were organized into 5-minute (time) segments. These 5-minute segments were used to create HTML pages, called contact sheets. A contact sheet was created for every 5-minute segment of the survey. The contact sheets contain thumbnails of each of the photographs. Each thumbnail links to the corresponding full-size area map or photograph. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 6 of 11)
    Geospatial Processing: These spreadsheets were edited using Microsoft Excel 2011 and saved as comma-separated value (CSV) files to make them compatible with ArcGIS software. The latitude/longitude data from the CSV navigation file, called XSTORMS.h20140905_photographs, were used to produce an ESRI shapefiles using ArcGIS 10.1. These shapefiles were used to produce the JPEG maps included in this report. The shapefiles are not included in this report. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 19-Mar-2015 (process 7 of 11)
    Survey map creation: The survey maps provided in this archive were created with Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) ArcGIS 10.1 software and saved as Adobe Illustrator (*.ai) files. Survey maps were edited using Adobe Illustrator CS6 and exported in JPEG format. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 19-Mar-2015 (process 8 of 11)
    Google Earth file creation: The KML files were created using the photographic navigation file ds930_2014-327-FA.csv. The USGS is the originator of all other layers. To aid navigation through the Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file, each image was assigned a sequential KML number. Table 1 of this report shows the KML number given to each image, the corresponding image name, and associated attributes. Each point on the Google Earth file contains the KML number, storm name, latitude, longitude, image name, geographic area, date, time, a thumbnail of the full-size photograph, and links to the full-size photographs and contact sheets. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Sep-2014 (process 9 of 11)
    EXIF headers: Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) and International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC) headers were populated from the command prompt using ExifTool (http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool, 2012) as part of the post-flight processing using a Perl script written by Karen Morgan, USGS - St. Petersburg, Fla. ExifTool added the following data to the EXIFHeader: time of collection, Global Positioning System (GPS) latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 19-Mar-2015 (process 10 of 11)
    In addition to the process steps described above, the following steps were taken to produce this data series: digital Field Activity Collection System (FACS) logs were created at the beginning of each flight and saved as PDF and TXT files. In addition, an HTML-based format was used to present the various parts of this archive. Person who carried out this activity:
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 11 of 11)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Best attempts were made to set the camera to UTC time on the GPS receivers at the beginning of each flight. Latitude, longitude, and time were collected at an interval of approximately once every three to five seconds. NOTE: Latitude and longitude positions in this report refer to the position of the aircraft, not the position of the landmarks photographed. Refer to the Process Steps below for more detail.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Best attempts were made to maintain the same relative distance between the aircraft and the beach in order to keep a constant field of view.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    no known issues
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data presented here include the digitally collected photographs in JPEG format with EXIF headers imbedded with the individual photograph's location along the flight path of a baseline coastal oblique aerial photographic survey of the coast, from Key Largo, Florida, to the Florida/Georgia Border. This mission was flown on September 5-6, 2014, aboard a Cessna 182, tail number N8479S. Crew members, contracted by the USGS in St. Petersburg, Fla., include Carol McManus, photography contractor, Leo McManus, Carol McManus, and George McPherson, with pilot, George McPherson, of Top Cover Virginia, LLC. Still photography was collected along the coast during this survey. Photographer: Carol McManus. GPS Data Collection - Instrument: Garmin GPSMAP 696. Data Collection Interval: Variable, every 5-15 seconds. Data File Format: ASCII Number of files created: 1. Computer/Software: none Software: none. The GPS unit was used to record navigation fixes of the aircraft, not the position of the features imaged. For a summary of field activity 2014-327-FA please see http://coastal.er.usgs.gov/field-activity-schedule/activity_popup.php?id=2772.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of the data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    K. Morgan
    USGS
    Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8037 (voice)
    kmorgan@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 930
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    This publication was prepared by an agency of the United States Government. Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, nor shall the act of distribution imply any such warranty. The U.S. Geological Survey shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described and (or) contained herein. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
    • Availability in digital form:
      Data format: CSV: Comma separate values files representing table information collected during the flight. JPEG: Images can be opened directly with any JPEG-compatible image viewer. The survey's full-size photographs are divided into areas. ucfan.kml has photographs.TXT: Text files representing the navigation files, FACS log, metadata and read-me files collected during and after the survey. KML: The KMLs provided may be viewed with Google Earth (http://www.google.com/earth/download/ge/agree.html). in format CSV, JPEG, TXT, KML
      Network links: http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0930
    • Cost to order the data: Prices vary. None.

    • Special instructions:
      Publications are available from USGS Information Services, Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO, 80225-0046 (telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS, e-mail: infoservices@usgs.gov).

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
K. Morgan
USGS
Geologist
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 502-8037 (voice)
kmorgan@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/09ACH03_ObliqueAerialPhoto_metadata.faq.html>
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