2023-310-FA_Oahu_Polecam_Imagery: High-resolution Geophysical and Imagery Data Collected in May 2023 Near Fort Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii

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Frequently anticipated questions:

What does this data set describe?

Title:
2023-310-FA_Oahu_Polecam_Imagery: High-resolution Geophysical and Imagery Data Collected in May 2023 Near Fort Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii
Abstract:
Underwater images totaling 78,924 in number were collected offshore Fort Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii (MCBH) and Coconut Island, Oahu, Hawaii, during May 2023, using the Polecam system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Polecam system is a single downward-looking underwater Teledyne FLIR camera with a Computar V1228-MPY lens and with a rigidly-attached Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna mounted above and forward of the camera's central axis. The Polecam system captured images as Tag Image File Format (TIFF, .tif) files to maintain the highest resolution and bit depth. In this data release, the files were converted into Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG, .jpg) files to enhance the accessibility of the imagery. Each image contains imagery header metadata embedded within the file, including GNSS date, time, latitude and longitude of the GNSS antenna, copyright, keywords, and other descriptive information. Refer to the ‘IMAGERY HEADERS’ Process Step of the metadata for more information on the imagery headers. Chirp subbottom profile data were also collected during this same survey (2023-310-FA), please refer to Forde and others (2024) for more information.
Supplemental_Information:
Additional information about the field activity from which these data were derived is available online at: https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2023-310-FA. The complete imagery dataset can be accessed on the Imagery Data System (IDS), https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/idsviewer/data_release/10.5066-P9KACPGU.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    Stalk, Chelsea A., Wei, Emily A., Marcuson, Rachel K., Hatcher, Gerry, and Kranenburg, Christine, 20240308, 2023-310-FA_Oahu_Polecam_Imagery: High-resolution Geophysical and Imagery Data Collected in May 2023 Near Fort Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii:.

    This is part of the following larger work.

    Stalk, Chelsea A., Wei, Emily A., Marcuson, Rachel K., Hatcher, Gerry, and Kranenburg, Christine, 20240308, High-resolution Geophysical and Imagery Data Collected in May 2023 Near Fort Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey data release https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KACPGU, U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Florida.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.795310
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -157.725242
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.446569
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 21.409366
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Beginning_Date: 07-May-2023
    Ending_Date: 12-May-2023
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Raster data set. It contains the following raster data types:
      • Dimensions 3000 x 4096, type Pixel
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Horizontal positions are specified in geographic coordinates, that is, latitude and longitude. Latitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000000000001. Longitudes are given to the nearest 0.0000000000001. Latitude and longitude values are specified in Decimal degrees. The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983 (2011).
      The ellipsoid used is GRS 1980.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.000000.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
      Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
      Altitude_System_Definition:
      Altitude_Datum_Name: North American Datum 1983 (2011)
      Altitude_Resolution: 0.001
      Altitude_Distance_Units: meters
      Altitude_Encoding_Method: Attribute values
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The 2023_310-FA_polecam_images dataset is the complete set of images (78,924 JPEG images) captured using the USGS Polecam aboard the R/V Alyce C from May 4-12, 2023. These images are available for view and download on the IDS, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/idsviewer/data_release/10.5066-P9KACPGU. Users are advised to read the imagery headers for more information about the dataset.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    The entity and attribute information were generated by the individual and/or agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • Chelsea A. Stalk
    • Emily A. Wei
    • Rachel K. Marcuson
    • Gerry Hatcher
    • Christine Kranenburg
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Data collection was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Protection Agency (DARPA) Reefense Program, the Coastal Sediment Availability and Flux (CSAF) Project, and the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program (CMHRP). First, the authors would like to thank Joe Reich for captaining the research vessel (R/V) Alyce C and navigating in difficult shallow water environments. The authors would like to thank Jessica Jimenez-Buscat, Lance Bookless, Jason Bowlen, Mark Edmonson, and Meagan Ostrem at Marine Corps Base Hawaii for their help coordinating base access and survey logistics. The authors would also like to thank Ben Jones, Joshua Levy, Zhenhua Huang, and Robert Toonen at the University of Hawaii for help with survey planning, logistics, and coordination efforts.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Attn: Chelsea A. Stalk
    Electronics Technician (Marine Instrumentation)
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov

Why was the data set created?

The underwater images and associated location data were collected to perform a sufficient site survey for potential artificial reef placement. Data were collected during USGS Field Activity Number (FAN) 2023-310-FA.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 12-May-2023 (process 1 of 5)
    IMAGE ACQUISITION Images were collected as .tif files by the USGS Polecam system, which was mounted to the R/V Alyce C and transited at a speed of approximately 3 knots during USGS field activity 2023-310-FA. Imagery was acquired using the Marfac Machine Vision Camera Interface Software, which was developed by USGS scientists (Hatcher, 2021). The image-collection frequency was 1 Hz, and GNSS positions were recorded at 10 Hz. However, during some portions of the survey, image-collection frequency was 5 Hz. Aperture and shutter speed were consistent for each group of images at a study site. Image files were named programmatically with the site name followed by the 14-digit UTC datetime value formatted as yyyymmddhhmmss, thousandths of seconds, and the sequential image number for that camera. For example, 'FtHase_20230510193300_330-17985.tif' indicates that the photo was collected at the Fort Hase study area on May 10, 2023, 19:33:00.330 (UTC), and camera image number 17985 of the series. Images collected at the Coconut Island site have the format, 'CoconutIsland-20230507175618_390-1050.tif', which indicates that the image was taken at Coconut Island on May 7, 2023, 17:56:18.390 (UTC), and camera image number 1050 of the series. Some images collected at Coconut Island on May 7, 2023, have the format 'CoconutIsland2' due to a crash in the navigation software during acquisition. Once the navigation software was loaded again, the files were named 'CoconutIsland2' due to concerns about overwriting file names. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Chelsea A. Stalk
    Electronics Technician
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727)502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • raw images
    Date: 12-Sep-2023 (process 2 of 5)
    POLECAM NAVIGATION PROCESSING Raw GNSS data were received by two AeroAntenna Technology, INC. AT1675-540TS- TNCF-000-RG-45-MN-R Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antennas that were affixed on top of the pole. These antennas were approximately 0.95 forward and aft of the Polecam. Polecam data were recorded at intervals set by the user that ranged from 10 to 25 Hz. The raw GNSS data were subsequently post processed utilizing POSPac V8.8 with the PP-RTX solution, yielding a 3-5 cm accuracy in the horizontal. The positions in the polecam navigation file represent the post-processed position of the GNSS antenna reference point (ARP), which was located vertically above the camera and horizontally offset. Neither elevation nor bathymetric data were collected using the GNSS antenna. The Polecam was affixed to the aft of the Norbit Winghead sonar pole. The pole was located aft of the antenna, and the following offset values for the camera were calculated for x,y,z in units of meters: 0 m(x), 0.95 m(y), and 1.84 m(z). The approximate 1.84-m vertical offset between the antenna and the Polecam instrument were not accounted for during acquisition, nor have the post-processed navigation files been corrected to reflect the offset. Person who carried out this activity:
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Research Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov
    Date: 23-Sep-2023 (process 3 of 5)
    Conversion of Images to .JPEG The images acquired with the camera were converted from TIF format to JPEG format using ImageMagick using the following command: 'magick mogrify -format .jpg *.tif'. Person who carried out this activity:
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Research Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov
    Date: 25-Sep-2023 (process 4 of 5)
    IMAGERY HEADERS The images acquired with the camera were geotagged and processed to add additional information required by the USGS to the exchangeable image file format (EXIF) and other imagery headers using Phil Harvey's ExifTool. The images were given EXIF header information in the directory with all the photos by assigning all the tags in a text file to each photo using ExifTool. Adding headers also required a .csv file containing tags of the image name, GPSDateTime, GPSLatitude, and GPSLongitude. The following describes the dictionary object in the text file with each entry in the dictionary being a tag-value pair: tags = {'Copyright': 'Public Domain', 'CopyrightNotice': 'Public Domain - please credit U.S. Geological Survey', 'Artist': 'USGS SPCMSC', 'Make': 'TELEDYNE FLIR', 'Model': 'BFS-PGE-122S6C-C', 'GPSMapDatum': 'EPSG:6318 NAD83 (2011)', 'GPSLatitudeRef': 'N', 'GPSLongitudeRef': 'W', 'Credit': 'U.S. Geological Survey', 'Contact': 'gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov', 'UsageTerms': "Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty", 'AttributionURL': 'https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KACPGU', 'XMP-photoshop:Credit': 'U.S. Geological Survey', 'iptcCore:CreatorWorkEmail': 'gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov', 'Rights': 'Public Domain', 'ImageDescription': 'https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2023-310-FA; Photograph of seabed collected at Coconut Island and Ft. Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii, collected in May 2023 during field activity 2023-310-FA ', 'Description': 'https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2023-310-FA; Photograph of seabed collected at Coconut Island and Ft. Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii, collected in May 2023 during field activity 2023-310-FA', 'Comment': 'Photograph of seabed collected at Coconut Island and Ft. Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii, collected in May 2023 during field activity 2023-310-FA', 'Keywords': 'coral reef, Remote Sensing, Boca Chica Key, Florida', 'ExternalMetadataLink': 'https://www1.usgs.gov/pir/api/identifiers/USGS:b96df884-69fc-4d99-b0b7-3800a2672f1f '}. All of the previously listed tags were the same for each image. Additionally, there were tags added to the dictionary object that would have a different value for each image depending on factors such as the image location and date and time when the image was captured. These tags and an example value are included as follows, as well as a description for why the values differ, as needed: 'GPSLatitude': '21.4410', 'GPSLongitude': '-157.7270', 'DateTimeOriginal': 2023:05:09 16:32:10; Tags were added to each image by using the command: 'exiftool -@ text_file_dictionary.txt -csv=images_date_location.csv *.jpg'. To read out the imagery header information to a comma-separated values (CSV) file the command is: 'exiftool -csv *.jpg > allheaders.csv'. Specific tags may be specified with this command, if preferred. Person who carried out this activity:
    Chelsea A. Stalk
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    Research Geologist
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    cstalk@usgs.gov
    Date: 15-Nov-2023 (process 5 of 5)
    A total of 78,924 JPEG images are included in this release (2023_310-FA_polecam_images) and can be viewed and downloaded on the Imagery Data System (IDS), https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/idsviewer/data_release/10.5066-P9KACPGU. The images on the IDS are also grouped by study site, Coconut Island (6742 images) and Fort Hase (72182 images). Person who carried out this activity:
    USGS SPCMSC Data Management Group
    U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, Florida
    USA

    727-502-8000 (voice)
    gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
    Data sources produced in this process:
    • 2023_310-FA_polecam_images
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Hatcher, Gerry A., 2021, Marfac Machine Vision Camera Interface: U.S. Geological Survey - Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, GitLab.

    Online Links:

    Forde, A.S., Wei, E.A., and Stalk, C.A., 20240129, Archive of Chirp Subbottom Profile Data Collected in 2023 From Oahu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey data release doi:10.5066/P9I2T4ZE, U.S. Geological Survey – St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    This dataset was from a single research cruise with exact instrumentation and set up and were therefore internally consistent. Methods were employed to maintain data collection consistency aboard the platform. During mobilization, each piece of equipment was isolated to obtain internal and external offset measurements with respect to the survey platform. All the critical measurements were recorded manually and digitally entered into their respective programs. Position data for the imagery was captured in real-time from a serial string output by an SP90M GNSS receiver and a Trimble Zephyr Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Antenna, with a real-time GGA solution output from a serial string at 10 hertz (Hz). Position information was fed into the Spinview software and written into a comma separated value text file for each camera shot. The real time navigation values were obtained from the integrated Applanix Pos MV Wavemaster II V5 inertially aided navigation system (IANS) which provided real-time position to an estimated 0.5-meter (m) accuracy threshold. These data were later post processed utilizing POSPac MMS Version 8.8 PP-RTX solution with an estimated 2-sigma accuracy of 3-5 centimeters (cm) in the horizontal. These data are not to be used for bathymetry or navigation. Please see the multibeam bathymetry metadata (FtHase_2023_MBES_metadata and CoconutIsland_2023_MBES_metadata) of this data release for elevation information.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Image positions have an estimated 2-sigma horizontal accuracy of 4-7 cm in the horizontal. The precision of the positions in the imagery headers were reduced due to field size limitations for storing latitude/longitude.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    Dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for additional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    All data fall within expected ranges.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints None
Use_Constraints Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    USGS SPCMSC Data Management Group
    U.S. Geological Survey - CMGDS
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    (727) 502-8000 (voice)
    spcmsc_data@usgs.gov
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? 2023_310-FA_polecam_images (*.jpg)
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty.
  4. How can I download or order the data?

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 07-Mar-2024
Metadata author:
U.S. Geological Survey - St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
Attn: USGS SPCMSC Data Management Group
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

(727) 502-8000 (voice)
gs-g-spcmsc_data_inquiries@usgs.gov
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)
This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/2023-310-FA_Oahu_Polecam_Imagery_metadata.faq.html>
Generated by mp version 2.9.51 on Mon Mar 11 15:44:07 2024