Distribution of Benthic Habitats at Crocker Reef, Florida, 2014

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Frequently anticipated questions:


What does this data set describe?

Title: Distribution of Benthic Habitats at Crocker Reef, Florida, 2014
Abstract:
The distribution of benthic habitats for a 1-kilometer (km) x 1-km area around Crocker Reef in the Florida Keys, USA, is based upon underwater digital images of the seafloor collected on June 24 and 25, 2014 (Zawada and others, 2016). The imagery was collected using the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) shallow Along-Track Reef-Imaging System (sATRIS), a boat-based, pole-mounted sensor package for mapping shallow-water benthic environments. The polygons contained in the shapefile included in this data release, Habitat.shp, represent the four general habitat types found at Crocker Reef: hardbottom, rubble, sand, and seagrass.
Supplemental_Information:
sATRIS images were saved in the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) format using a quality factor of 1000 (highest quality/minimal compression). GPS position, collection date and time, and camera distance-above-seafloor are stored in the EXchangable Image File format (EXIF) header of each image. Note: The cited cross-reference covers a different geographic region (Dry Tortugas National Park) than this data release's survey area, however, the methodology presented therein was also used for the 2014 Crocker Reef study. The data were collected under Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary permit FKNMS-2013-097.
  1. How might this data set be cited?
    U.S. Geological Survey, 20161027, Distribution of Benthic Habitats at Crocker Reef, Florida, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F77942T0, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL.

    Online Links:

  2. What geographic area does the data set cover?
    West_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.537374425
    East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.520401183
    North_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.916826076
    South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.902166409
  3. What does it look like?
  4. Does the data set describe conditions during a particular time period?
    Calendar_Date: 24-Jun-2014
    Currentness_Reference:
    ground condition
  5. What is the general form of this data set?
    Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Vector digital data
  6. How does the data set represent geographic features?
    1. How are geographic features stored in the data set?
      This is a Vector data set. It contains the following vector data types (SDTS terminology):
      • G-polygon (4)
    2. What coordinate system is used to represent geographic features?
      Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
      Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
      UTM_Zone_Number: 17
      Transverse_Mercator:
      Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
      Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000
      Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
      False_Easting: 500000.0
      False_Northing: 0.0
      Planar coordinates are encoded using coordinate pair
      Abscissae (x-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.6096
      Ordinates (y-coordinates) are specified to the nearest 0.6096
      Planar coordinates are specified in meters
      The horizontal datum used is North American Datum of 1983 (2011).
      The ellipsoid used is Geodetic Reference System 80.
      The semi-major axis of the ellipsoid used is 6378137.0.
      The flattening of the ellipsoid used is 1/298.257222101.
  7. How does the data set describe geographic features?
    Habitat.shp
    This file contains total area measurements for each habitat type that were identified using sATRIS images collected in June 2014 from Crocker Reef, Florida. (Source: USGS)
    FID
    Internal feature number (Source: Esri) Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
    Shape
    Feature Geometry (Source: Esri) Coordinates defining the features.
    Id
    Feature number (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:0
    Maximum:3
    Habitat_Nm
    The predominant habitat type used in the map. (Source: USGS)
    ValueDefinition
    HardbottomThis category commonly harbors varieties of octocorals, sponges, algae, the fleshy colonial zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum, the fire corals Millepora alcicornis and M. complanata, other encrusting reef-associated organisms, coral skeletons, rubble and sands, and a few isolated live, stony, head-coral species.
    RubbleThis category consisted primarily of clearly identifiable A. cervicornis sticks intermixed with carbonate fragments of other shapes and sizes of indeterminate origins.
    SandThis category did not differentiate between coarse- and fine-grained size fractions, although clarity of the ATRIS imagery would have allowed for such distinction.
    SeagrassThis category included the most prevalent type of seagrass-the turtle grass Thalassia testudinum-occasionally mixed with the manatee grass Syringodium filiforme.
    Area
    Total area of each feature type, measured in square meters. (Source: USGS)
    Range of values
    Minimum:133709
    Maximum:695120
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
    The geographic information system (GIS) data are provided as a .zip file comprised of an Esri shapefile and accompanying metadata. The entity and attribute information provided here describes the tabular data associated with the dataset. Please review the detailed descriptions that are provided (the individual attribute descriptions) for information on the values that appear as fields/table entries of the dataset.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
    The entity and attribute information was generated by the individual and (or) agency identified as the originator of the dataset. Please review the rest of the metadata record for additional details and information.

Who produced the data set?

  1. Who are the originators of the data set? (may include formal authors, digital compilers, and editors)
    • U.S. Geological Survey
  2. Who also contributed to the data set?
    Acknowledgment of the U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, as a data source would be appreciated in products developed from these data, and such acknowledgment as is standard for citation and legal practices for data source is expected. Sharing of new data layers developed directly from these data would also be appreciated by the U.S. Geological Survey staff. Users should be aware that comparisons with other datasets for the same area from other periods may be inaccurate because of inconsistencies resulting from changes in photointerpretation, mapping conventions, and digital processes over time. These data are not legal documents and are not to be used as such.
  3. To whom should users address questions about the data?
    David Zawada
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727 502-8132 (voice)
    727 502-8181 (FAX)
    dzawada@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET

Why was the data set created?

Images were collected to support the Reefscape Geologic-framework task of the USGS Coral Reef Ecosystem Studies project (https://coastal.er.usgs.gov/crest/). Benthic composition, topographic relief, areal extent, and temporal stability are critical factors that contribute to the value of a given marine habitat. To provide context for the data collected in the other tasks, the focus of this task was to characterize physical aspects of the project study sites, including habitat classification, sediment distribution, and vertical temperature profiles. The images used to help create the habitat map were acquired during USGS field activity number 2014-313-FA, additional survey and data details are available at https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/fan_info.php?fan=2014-313-FA.

How was the data set created?

  1. From what previous works were the data drawn?
  2. How were the data generated, processed, and modified?
    Date: 23-Jan-2015 (process 1 of 5)
    High-resolution, geo-located images of the seafloor were captured between June 24 and 25, to characterize the seafloor and ground truth benthic habitat mapping efforts. The sATRIS was deployed from the USGS research vessel (R/V) Sallenger, a Parker 2530 boat, running at a nominal speed of 2 knots and following pre-determined survey tracklines. GPS data were simultaneously collected at a fixed land-based location (24° 57' 12.07059", -80° 35' 12.43033") and on the R/V Sallenger during image acquisition using Ashtech Z-Xtreme GPS receivers. In this study, sATRIS images were collected at a rate of 5 hertz (Hz) and the GPS data at 1 Hz. The GPS data were differentially corrected using GrafNav Version 8.40.5121, converted to the North American Datum of 1983 (2011) and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (using the GEOID12A model) using in-house software, and have sub-decimeter accuracy. Please note that these data are not suitable for navigational use, nor for determining absolute elevation measurements. Person who carried out this activity:
    BJ Reynolds
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
    Engineering Technician
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727 502-8067 (voice)
    breynolds@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: M-F, 8:00-4:00 ET
    Date: 02-Apr-2015 (process 2 of 5)
    sATRIS images were manually classified based on the predominant benthic cover in a given image, and labeled as hardbottom, rubble, sand, or seagrass. Because of extensive overlap between sATRIS images, only every fourth image was classified. To fill gaps between sATRIS images and create a contiguous set of polygons, a DigitalGlobe WorldView-2 satellite image (10DEC04160950-M1BS-052442009010_04_P001.ntf, acquired on December 4, 2010) was used as a synoptic reference. This satellite image has a spatial resolution of 2 meters. A colored dot was plotted at the location of each classified image using ArcMap 10.3.1. Each classification category was assigned a unique color. Polygons encompassing like-colored dots and corresponding areas in the satellite image were drawn by hand in ArcMap. All polygons for each classification category were merged together and saved in a single shapefile. For additional processing details, see Lidz and Zawada (2013). Person who carried out this activity:
    Dave Zawada
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727 502-8132 (voice)
    dzawada@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
    Date: 07-May-2015 (process 3 of 5)
    Raw sATRIS images exhibit barrel distortion due to the wide-angle camera lens. The images in this data release were corrected using an in-house image de-warping algorithm (Zawada, 2003). These data are stored on hard drives and archived at the U.S. Geological Survey office in St. Petersburg, Florida. Person who carried out this activity:
    Dave Zawada
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727 502-8132 (voice)
    dzawada@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: M-F, 9-5 ET
    Date: 07-Sep-2016 (process 4 of 5)
    Created metadata in Notepad++ Person who carried out this activity:
    Dave Zawada
    U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727 502-8132 (voice)
    dzawada@usgs.gov
    Hours_of_Service: M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
    Date: 13-Oct-2020 (process 5 of 5)
    Added keywords section with USGS persistent identifier as theme keyword. Person who carried out this activity:
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: VeeAnn A. Cross
    Marine Geologist
    384 Woods Hole Road
    Woods Hole, MA

    508-548-8700 x2251 (voice)
    508-457-2310 (FAX)
    vatnipp@usgs.gov
  3. What similar or related data should the user be aware of?
    Zawada, D.G., 2003, Image processing of underwater multispectral imagery: IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering v. 28(4), p. 583-594.

    Online Links:

    Lidz, B.H. and D.G. Zawada, 2013, Possible Return of Acropora cervicornis at Pulaski Shoal, Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida: Journal of Coastal Research v. 29, p. 256-271.

    Online Links:

    Zawada, D.G., Thornton, L., Thompson, P., Resnick, J., 2016, ATRIS Seafloor Images--Crocker Reef, Florida, 2014: U.S. Geological Survey Data Release doi:10.5066/F7SF2T9Z.

    Online Links:


How reliable are the data; what problems remain in the data set?

  1. How well have the observations been checked?
    Classification data derived from sATRIS images (Zawada and others, 2016) were plotted on top of a DigitalGlobe WorldView-2 satellite image in ArcMap 10.3.1. Polygons were manually drawn to denote areas with a given habitat type.
  2. How accurate are the geographic locations?
    Habitats are referenced to a satellite image with 2-meter accuracy. With the introduction of human drawing error, USGS staff cite the horizontal accuracy of the habitat boundries to be within 5 meters.
  3. How accurate are the heights or depths?
    A formal accuracy assessment of the vertical positional information in the dataset has either not been conducted, or is not applicable.
  4. Where are the gaps in the data? What is missing?
    This dataset is considered complete for the information presented, as described in the abstract section. Users are advised to read the rest of the metadata record carefully for aditional details.
  5. How consistent are the relationships among the observations, including topology?
    Data cover area specified for this project without known issues.

How can someone get a copy of the data set?

Are there legal restrictions on access or use of the data?
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints:
Public domain data from the U.S. Government are freely redistributable with proper metadata and source attribution. The U.S. Geological Survey requests to be acknowledged as originator of these data in future products or derivative research.
  1. Who distributes the data set? (Distributor 1 of 1)
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Attn: Dave Zawada
    Research Oceanographer
    600 4th Street South
    St. Petersburg, FL
    USA

    727 502-8132 (voice)
    Hours_of_Service: M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
  2. What's the catalog number I need to order this data set? Habitat.shp
  3. What legal disclaimers am I supposed to read?
    Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any other system, or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. The USGS shall not be held liable for improper or incorrect use of the data described or contained herein. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
  4. How can I download or order the data?
  5. Is there some other way to get the data?
    Contact U.S. Geological Survey for details.

Who wrote the metadata?

Dates:
Last modified: 13-Oct-2020
Metadata author:
Dave Zawada
U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, FL
Research Oceanographer
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL
USA

727 502-8132 (voice)
dzawada@usgs.gov
Hours_of_Service: M-F, 9:00-5:00 ET
Metadata standard:
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (FGDC-STD-001-1998)

This page is <https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/catalog/spcmsc/CRKR2014_HABITAT_metadata.faq.html>
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